sampling Flashcards
population
a group of people who are the focus of the researcher’s interest
sample
a group of people who take part in a research investigation
- the sample is drawn from a population
generalisation
a particular investigation can be broadly applied to the population
random sample - define
all members of the target population have an equal chance of being selected
systematic sample - define
when every nth member of the target population is selected
stratified sample - define
the proportions of people in certain subgroups within the target population or the wider population
opportunity sample - define
researchers decide to select anyone who happened to be willing and available
the researcher simply takes the chance to ask whoever is around at the time of their study
volunteer sample - define
participants selecting themselves to be a part of the sample
random sample - evaluation
adv: representative as everyone has an equal chance
dis: difficult and time consuming - as you need a list and find a way to pick the ppt
- does not guarantee to look like the population
systematic sample - evaluation
adv: objective - researcher has no influence over who is chosen
dis: difficult - need a list of entire population
- participants may refuse to take part
- pattern in the list - not representative
stratified sample - evaluation
adv: high population validity so generalisable
dis: may miss out on some sub groups
- difficult and time consuming
opportunity sample - evaluation
adv: convenient - less costly
- quick and easy
dis: the sample is unrepresentative of the target population as it drawn from a specific area
- the researcher simply takes the chance to ask whoever is around at the time of their study
- researcher has complete control over the selection of participants
volunteer sample - evaluation
adv: requires minimal input from the researcher so it is less time consuming
dis: not representative as ppl chose to be apart of the research
