Sampling Flashcards

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1
Q

Define population

A

a large group of individuals who the researcher may be interested in studying

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2
Q

Define target population

A

sub group of the general population

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3
Q

Define sample

A

group of people who take part in the research and these are people that are drawn from the target populations and need to be representative of the population

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4
Q

Define generalisation

A

the extent to which the findings and conclusions from a study can be broadly applied to the population (if sample is representative, it’s accurate)

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5
Q

What is random sampling?

A

when all the members of a target population have an equal chance of being selected

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6
Q

strength of random sampling

A

-free from researcher bias

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7
Q

limitation of random sampling

A

-time consuming
-higher refusal rates
-sample could be unrepresentative

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8
Q

what is systematic sampling?

A

when the participants are chosen by every nth term after being listen in a certain way with the population and the collection of all the nth terms are used as a sample

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9
Q

strength of systematic sampling

A

-avoids researcher bias
-representative sample

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10
Q

limitation of systematic sampling

A

-higher refusal rates
-very time consuming

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11
Q

what is opportunity sampling?

A

when you select the sample that u need by simply selecting them as they come (best example is street selection)

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12
Q

strength of opportunity sampling

A

-convenient
-less costly

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13
Q

limitation of opportunity sampling

A

-high refusal rates
-unrepresentative
-researcher has complete control over selection

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14
Q

what is volunteer sampling?

A

the participants volunteer and come to you themselves (self-selection)

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15
Q

strength of volunteer sampling

A

-easy
-minimal input from researcher

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16
Q

limitations of volunteer sampling

A

-refusal rates
-attracts a certain profile of a person

17
Q

What is stratified sampling?

A

when the sample reflects the proportion of the people in certain subgroups within the target population

18
Q

strength of stratified sampling

A

-avoids researcher bias
-representative sample

19
Q

limitation of stratified sampling

A

-refusal rates
-strata cannot reflect all the ways someone is different

20
Q

What are pilot studies

A

A small scale version of an investigation that takes place before the real investigation is conducted.

21
Q

What is the aim of pilot studies

A

To check procedures, materials measuring scales, ect… The aim is also to allow the researcher to make changes or modifications if necessary

22
Q

What is a single blind trial

A

When the researcher is aware that the test is being conducted but the participants aren’t . One is given a placebo and the other is given the normal one

23
Q

What is a double blind test

A

When both the researcher and participant sis unaware

24
Q

What is the difference between experimental and control group

A

Experimental is the group that is given the real drug and the control group is the one that is given the placebo