Salivary Glands- Taylor Flashcards
What type of glands are the salivary glands?
Compound tubuloalveolar glands
What does saliva do?
Aids in mastication and digestion
What type of cells do all of the salivary glands have?
Myoepithelial cells
How much saliva is produced per day?
1 quart
What type of cells are contained within interacinar CT?
IgA-secreting plasma cells
What do the IgA-secreting cells do
Provide small immune function for mouth
Immunoglobulin A
Why do fat cells in salivary glands increase with age?
The secretory acini are replay with adipose tissue
Which salivary gland is the largest and most important?
Parotid gland in the cheek
What type of acini are within the parotid gland?
100% serous
What muscles come in contact with the parotid gland?
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoid
Digastric
Where is the isthmus of the parotid gland located?
Between mastoid process and mandibular ramus
Saliva secretion pathway:
(Merocrine) lumen in center of acini -> (intralobular) intercalated duct -> (intralobular) striated duct with basal infoldings that allow for mito to be there, changing chemistry of saliva via ion transport -> excretory duct (interlobular) -> main duct -> secretion to oral cavity
Where does the main duct of the parotid gland run?
Over the masseter muscle -> buccinator -> enters oral cavity opposite the second upper molar
Where do the 5 major branches of the facial nerve originate?
In the parotid gland
Parotid tumors cann sometimes cause paralysis on same side
What type of conjunctivitis results in swollen lymph nodes?
Viral
Which salivary gland is second largest?
Submandibular in the lateral mandible
What type of acini are assoc with the submandibular gland?
Mostly serous
Some mucous acini
Some mucous acini with demilunes
What muscles contact the submandibular gland?
Mylohyoid muscle
Where does the submandibular duct end?
Medially at the sublingual papilla (center of the underside of the tongue)
Which salivary gland is smallest?
Sublingual gland in anterior portion of mandible
What type of acini are assoc with sublingual glands?
Mostly mucous
Which salivary gland has a number of orifices to secrete it’s material?
Sublingual (at sublingual fold)
(Parotid) Where are the pregang para cell bodies located?
Inferior salivatory nucleus
(Parotid) Where do the pregang para axons emerge?
Medulla oblongata in CN9
(Parotid) Where do the pregang para axons go after CN9?
Tympanic nerve -> tympanic plexus -> lesser petrosal nerve -> optic ganglion
(Parotid) Where are the postganglionic para cell bodies located?
Otic gang
(Parotid) Where do postganglionic para axons go?
CN5.3 -> auriculotemporal nerve which passes through parotid
(Parotid) Where are pregang symp cell bodies located?
T1-T2
(Parotid) Where do pregang symp end?
Superior cervical ganglion
(Parotid) What do the postganglionic symp do?
Form a plexus around the external carotid artery
Where are the sub pregang para cell bodies located?
Superior salivatory nucleus of the pons
After emerging from the pons, what do the sub pregang para axons do?
Within the nervus intermedius root of CN7 -> internal acoustic meatus -> geniculate ganglion -> chords tympani -> lingual nerve of CN5.3 -> submandibular ganglion
Where are the sub postganglionic para cell bodies located?
Submandibular ganglion
Where do the postganglionic para axons travel from the submandibular ganglion?
To the submandibular gland
Some join with the lingual nerve -> sublingual gland
Where are the sub pregang sym cell bodies?
T1-T2 and end in superior cervical ganglion
What do the sub postganglionic symp do?
Form plexus around external carotid artery -> follow facial and lingual arteries to the glands
Where are the lac pregang para cell bodies located?
Lacrimal nucleus, a subnucleus of the superior salivatory nucleus
Where do the lac pregang para axons travel?
Nervus intermedius -> internal acoustic meatus -> pass thru geniculate ganglion -> greater petrosal -> foramen lacerum -> Vidian nerve thru pterygoid canal -> pterygopalatine ganglion
What forms the nerve of the pterygoid canal of the sphenoid bone?
Greater petrosal nerve and the deep petrosal nerve of the carotid plexus
Where are the lac postganglionic para cell bodies located?
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Classical postganglionic para lacrimal pathway:
Pp ganglion -> ganglionic branches -> join CN5.2 -> branch in zygomatic nerve -> zygomaticotemporal nerve -> communicating branch -> lacrimal nerve
Modern postganglionic para lacrimal pathway:
Pp ganglion -> orbital branches -> retro-orbital nerve plexus -> branches to gland
Main difference between classic and modern lacrimal postganglionic para axons:
Modern pathway doesn’t think there are specific nerve branches, just there are nerves interconnected behind the eye
Where are the lacrimal pregang symp cell bodies located?
T1-T2 ending in superior cervical ganglion
What do the lacrimal postganglionic symp do?
Forms a plexus around the internal carotid artery that gives off deep petrosal nerve -> Vidian nerve -> pass thru Pp ganglion
