Reproductive System- Taylor

Question 0

When are we genotypically considered male or female?

Answer 0

Conception

Question 1

Where is the Y (SRY) gene located?

Answer 1

The Yp11 arm of the Y chromosome

Question 2

When are we phenotypically considered male or female?

Answer 2

7th week of development

Question 3

Where are the developing genital ridges located?

Answer 3

Around the developing hindgut and it’s mesentery

Question 4

From what are genital ridges derived?

Answer 4

Endodermal epithelium

Mesodermal mesenchyme

Question 5

Where do epiblastic germ cells migrate, and what do they form?

Answer 5

From the primitive streak -> gonadal ridges -> form sex cords

Question 6

In which sex do medullary cords continue to develop?

Answer 6

Males

Question 7

What do the medullary cords develop into?

Answer 7

The rete testes

Question 8

What is within the rete testes?

Answer 8

The sustentacular cells of Sertoli

Question 9

What do the Sertoli cells help with?

Answer 9

Forming the blood-testes barrier

Question 10

What lies between the rete testes tubules?

Answer 10

The interstitial cells of Leydig

Question 11

What do the Leydig cells do?

Answer 11

Secrete testosterone by week 8 of development

Question 12

In which sex do the cortical cords develop?

Answer 12

Female

Question 13

What do the cortical cords do?

Answer 13

Replace medullary cords

Question 14

From where do cortical cords arise?

Answer 14

Proliferating epithelium

Question 15

What do the cortical cords become?

Answer 15

Follicular cells

Question 16

In which sex does the tunica albuginea develop?

Answer 16

Males

Question 17

What is the tunica albuginea, and what does it do?

Answer 17

It’s a thick surface layer of developing gonad

It separates the testes cords from the surface epithelium

Question 18

Why doesn’t the tunica albuginea develop in females?

Answer 18

It allows for the development of the cortical cords

Question 19

What does the mesonephric duct develop into in males?

Answer 19

Epididymis
Seminal vesicles
Ejaculatory duct

Question 20

What does the mesonephric duct fuse with in females?

Answer 20

The paramesonephric duct

Question 21

What does the fusion of the mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts form?

Answer 21

Uterine tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Upper vagina

Question 22

In XY, the genital tubercle develops into:

Answer 22

: the penis

Question 23

In XY, the urethral folds come together to form:

Answer 23

: the shaft of the penis

Question 24

In XY, the genital swellings form the:

Answer 24

: scrotum

Question 25

In XX, the genital tubercle becomes the:

Answer 25

: clitoris

Question 26

In XX, the urethral folds become the:

Answer 26

: labia minoris

Question 27

In XX, the genital swellings become the:

Answer 27

: labia majoris

Question 28

Where are the testes located?

Answer 28

In the scrotum

Question 29

Testes contents:

Answer 29

: lobuli testes with seminiferous tubules -> straight tubules -> rete testes

Question 30

What do the seminiferous tubules do?

Answer 30

Produce the spermatozoa

Question 31

What types of cells are within the seminiferous tubule?

Answer 31

Sertoli cells | Spermatozoa is

Question 32

What do Sertoli cells do?

Answer 32

Have tight junctions that divide the systemic blood supply from spermatogonia

Question 33

What do spermatogonia do?

Answer 33

Produce spermatozoa

Question 34

What divides the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 34

The septa of the testes

Question 35

What are the septa of the testes?

Answer 35

Extensions of tunica albuginea

Question 36

Drainage pathway starting with rete testes:

Answer 36

: rete testes -> epididymis -> muscular vas deferens -> spermatic cord -> seminal vesicles -> ejaculatory duct -> prostate gland -> urethra

Question 37

What do the seminal vesicles do?

Answer 37

Produce alanine fluid that mixes with spermatozoa to form ejaculate

Question 38

What joins together to form the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 38

Seminal vesicles | Ductus deferens

Question 39

What surrounds the ovaries?

Answer 39

Tunica albuginea

Question 40

The ovaries contain an obvious _____ and _____.

Answer 40

Cortex | Medulla

Question 41

What houses the oogenia?

Answer 41

The ovary cortex

Question 42

How are primary oocytes formed?

Answer 42

Cell division of the oogenia

Question 43

What surrounds the primary oocytes?

Answer 43

Stratified layer of epithelial follicular cells -> primary follicle cell

Question 44

What mediates the development of follicles?

Answer 44

FSH

Question 45

What causes mature follicles to rupture?

Answer 45

LH

Question 46

What's released when mature follicles rupture?

Answer 46

Oocytes | Attendant follicular cells

Question 47

Where are the contents of the ruptured mature follicular cell released?

Answer 47

Muscular oviduct, Fallopian tube

Question 48

What type of epithelium lines the oviduct?

Answer 48

Simple ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 49

Which way do the cilia of the oviduct beat?

Answer 49

Toward the uterus, to move the oocyte for implantation

Question 50

What are peg cells?

Answer 50

Cells within oviduct that provide nourishment for spermatozoa and oocytes

Question 51

What is the corpus hemmorhagicum?

Answer 51

Part of the remaining follicular material after rupture

Question 52

What is corpus luteum?

Answer 52

Part of the remaining follicular material that a few days after rupture

Question 53

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 53

Progesterone, then estrogen

Question 54

What helps to control the sloughing of the endometrium of the uterus?

Answer 54

Corpus luteum secretions

Question 55

The ovary medulla interstitial cells secrete:

Answer 55

: estrogen

Question 56

The three layers of the uterus are the:

Answer 56

: perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Question 57

The two layers of the endometrium:

Answer 57

Stratum basale | Stratum functionalis

Question 58

Which layer of the endometrium remains intact thru menstrual cycle?

Answer 58

Stratum basale

Question 59

Which layer of the endometrium sloughs and rebuilds during the cycle?

Answer 59

Stratum functionalis

Question 60

What type of epithelium makes up the cervix of the uterus?

Answer 60

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 61

What does the cervix do?

Answer 61

Secrete serous secretion that lubricates the vagina

Question 62

The wall of the vagina contains:

Answer 62

- stratified squamous epithelium mucosa - smooth muscle muscularis - adventitia