Safety and Security Flashcards
is a condition, state, or situation in which a person feels safe and free from any threat or danger.
Safety
is a procedure or action taken to ensure the safety of a person.
Security
What type of safety are these?
Adequate light
Adequate ventilation, exhaust fan
Stairs with handrails
Window-door-closer
Slip preventing floors
Fire extinguishers and fire alarms
Prevent noise pollution
Heavy and fixed beds
Safe wheelchairs and trolleys
No water logging in bathrooms
Call bell system for patients
Adequate no. of bed screens to maintain the privacy of the patient.
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
What type of safety is involved with these?
- Illegible Writing of prescriptions by doctors.
- Wrong medicines or wrong does or wrong patient.
- Wrong injection, wrong does or wrong patient, wrong route of administration.
- Drip sets, air bubbles, overhydration, drip speed.
- Oxygen flow check empty gas cylinders.
- Clear, written medication guidelines.
- Identification of each patient with Similar patient names
- Proper handing taking over during change of shift.
- Look alike and Sound Alike “LASA”
MEDICAL SAFETY
What type of safety is involved with these?
- Regular checking of equipment
- Regular maintenance & repair
- Training of nurses & technical staff
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION SAFETY
The “hierarchy of hazard control:”
- Eliminate hazard
- Guard against hazards
- Train to avoid hazards
- Warn against hazards
What type of safety is involved with these?
- Safety fuses with each equipment
- No loose wires or connection 3. Properly plugged and fixed
- If short circuit call the electrician
- Electricity backup battery/ generator
- Use of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and Constant Voltage Transformer (CVT)
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
What safety is involved with these?
- Proper grouping & cross-matching
- Tests of HIV, Inf. hepatitis & VDRL
- Proper leveling of the group, name of the patient
- Control of mismatch reaction
- Standard operating procedure
- Screening against HIV, and Hepatitis. VD, Malaria.
- Inform adverse reaction
BLOOD SAFETY
Waste generated during the diagnosis, testing, treatment, research, or production of biological products for humans or animals (WHO)
BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
What safety is involved with these?
- Avoid needle prick & spilling of blood
- Safety measures in Radiology & Radiotherapy departments
- Safety norm guidelines for different areas of hospitals.
- Regular pest control measures
- Care in handling acids, reagents, and inflammable substances.
- Segregation and disposal
LABORATORY SAFETY
Different types of safety
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
MEDICAL SAFETY
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION SAFETY
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
BLOOD SAFETY
BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
LABORATORY SAFETY
WHEELCHAIR SAFETY
STRETCHER SAFETY
PATIENT SAFETY GOALS
GOAL 1 - Identify Patients Correctly
GOAL 2 - Improve Effective Communication
GOAL 3 - Improve the Safety of High-Alert Medication
GOAL 4 - Ensure Correct-Site, Correct-Procedure, Correct-Patient Surgery
GOAL 5 - Reduce the Risk of Health Care-Associated Infections
GOAL 6 - Reduce the Risk of Patient Harm Resulting from Falls
Wheelchair Safety Steps
- Always lock the brakes on both wheels during patient transfer.
- Raise the footplates before transferring clients
- Lower the footplates after placing them into the wheelchair
- Use the larger wheels (back wheels) when entering and exiting elevators
- When going down an incline, place yourself between the wheelchair and the bottom of the incline
Stretcher Safety Steps
- Always lock the brakes on both wheels during patient transfer.
- Fasten safety straps across the patient and raise the side rails
- Always push the stretcher from the end where the client’s head is positioned
- When entering an elevator, make sure the patient’s head goes in first.
Falls in a Health Care Facility
▸Orient to new surroundings
▸ Keep two side rails up (depending on policy)
▸ Keep call light, bedside table, water, glasses, etc. within easy reach ‣ Use a night light
▸ Keep the bed in a low position
▸ Make sure the patient has non-skid footwear
▸ Teach fall prevention techniques
▸ Ambulate only with assistance when appropriate
▸Locate the patient close to the nurse’s station
- A physical or mechanical device used to limit or prevent a patient’s movement.
Restraints / Protective Devices
The use of restraints is generally not advocated and should be used only as a last resort
Safety Measures Guidelines in Applying Restraints
1. Apply ONLY for the safety of the patient, NEVER for the convenience of the nurse
2. Apply with care to avoid damaging tissue and causing harm to the patient
3. Recognize the physiological and psychological effects of applying restraints
- Explain the reason to the patient and family
- Review the policy and procedure manual
Choose the restraint that fits the need!
Limb, waist, and trunk
Back-fastening seat belt Full bed-side rails
Chair with locking table
Broda/Geri
Mechanical
Restraining limbs e.g 4 persons to provide care
Moving a person to another location against their will
Physical
Antipsychotics Antidepressants
Sedatives
Benzodiazepines May be scheduled or prn
Pharmacologic
Seclusion room
Half doors, barricades WanderGuard
Secure units
Environmental
Used to maintain body alignment and position
- Pillows
- Splints (orthotic devices)
- Special boots/shoes
- Bed cradles
- footboards
Supportive devices
Safety Considerations and Procedures
- Child-proof home environment
- Prevent poisoning
- Store medicine, cleaning, and laundry products, (including detergent packets) paints/varnishes, and pesticides in their original packaging in locked cabinets or containers, out of sight and reach of children.
- Use car seats properly
- Nearly 1⁄2 of all drowning victims are younger than 5 years old
Toddler/ Preschooler
Safety Considerations and Procedures
- Help to avoid activities that are potentially dangerous
- Teach bicycle safety, water safety
- Teach about child abduction
- Teach about internet safety
School-Aged Child
Safety Considerations and Procedures
- Teach safe driving skills
- Teach the risk of infection with body piercing
- Teach about guns and violence, 82% of homicide victims between the ages of 10 and 24 are killed with a firearm
- Teach about internet safety
Adolescents
Safety Considerations and Procedures
- Remind them of the effects of stress on lifestyle and health
- Counsel about unsafe health habits (reliance on drugs and alcohol)
Adults
– is a single temporary event that consists of uncontrolled electrical neural discharge of the brain that interrupts normal brain function
Seizure
Types of Seizures
Partial
Generalized
– called focal – one area of the brain is affected during a seizure
Partial
– affects the whole brain during a seizure
Generalized
Fire Prevention Goals
___
The primary goal of fire safety efforts is to protect building occupants from injury and to prevent loss of life.
___
The secondary goal of fire safety is to prevent property damage.
___
By preventing fires and limiting damage we can ensure that work operations will continue.
Life Safety
Property Protection
Protection of Operations
A dangerous condition in which a person may sustain an injury by making electrical contact with energized equipment.
Electrical hazard
It occurs when a person makes contact with a conductor carrying a current and simultaneously contacts the ground or another object that includes a conductive path to the ground
Electrocution
___ establishes the legal framework for the protection of personal data,
including health information. Healthcare providers must comply with this law when handling patient data.
Data Privacy Act (RA 10173)
The unlawful use, of microorganisms or toxins derived from living organisms to produce death or disease in humans, animals, or plants.
BIOTERRORISM
___ is defined as violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that appear to be intended to:
1. Intimidate or coerce a civilian population
2. Influence the policy of a govt
1. Affect the conduct of a govt
Terrorism
- Worn to protect skin and prevent soiling of clothes
Gowns
- Worn to protect mucus membranes
- Prevent splashes of blood, body fluids
Masks/ Eye protection or Face Shields
Patient placement
Normal infection control practices should be followed if numbers allow. With large numbers, group affected patients together into designated wards or floors (possibly even a separate building)
Consult with engineering staff (airflow and ventilation, plumbing, and waste disposal
Discharge management
Patients will not be discharged until they are deemed non-infectious
Home care instructions should include barrier precautions, handwashing, waste mgmt, and cleaning and disinfection.
Post-mortem care
Pathology depts and labs should be informed!
All autopsies should be performed carefully using PPE and standard precautions.
Instruct funeral directors on the diagnosis
Your role
Identify actual and potential problems, adverse events, and close calls with medical services
Report the problem or adverse event to your supervisor according to policy and procedure Make sure your report includes details
Remove the device, and keep all affected items
