Prefinals - Communication Flashcards
is the exchange of information
Communication
the way in which a nurse treats people who are sick, especially showing kind, friendly, and understanding behavior
Bedside Manner
Talking with oneself or self-talk
Intrapersonal Communication
The Communication Process
Sender
Message
Receiver
Response/Feedback
An individual or group wishing to communicate a message to another, they are also the “source encoder”
Sender
Involves the selection of specific signs or symbols to transmit the message
Encoding
The second component of communication is what is actually said or written
Message
This type of communication is often appropriate for long explanations or for communication that needs to be preserved
Written Communication
Common forms of this type of communication include email and texting
Electronic Communication
This is the listener, who must listen, observe, and attend. They are also known as the decoder
Receiver
Means to translate the message sent via the receiver’s knowledge and experiences
Decode
This is the message that the receiver returns to the sender, it is also called feedback
Response
Modes of Communication
Verbal
Nonverbal
This mode of communication is largely conscious because people choose the words they use
Verbal Communication
Considerations for Verbal Communication
Pace and Intonation
Simplicity
Clarity and Brevity
Timing and Relevance
Adaptability
Credibility
Humor
This mode of communication Is sometimes called body language, it includes gestures and body movements
Nonverbal Communication
Considerations for Nonverbal Communication
Personal appearance
Posture and gait
Facial Expression
Gestures
Factors Influencing the Communication Process
Development
Gender
Values and Perceptions
Personal Space
Territoriality
Roles and Relationships
Environment
Congruence
Interpersonal Attitudes
Boundaries
Are the standards that influence behavior
Values
The personal view of the event
Perceptions
Is the distance people prefer in interactions with others
Persona Space
Is the study of distances that people allow between themselves and objects or other people
Proxemics
- 0 - 1 ½ feet
Intimate
- 1 ½ - 4 feet
Personal
- 4 - 12 feet
Social
- 12 feet and more
Public
Is characterized by body contact, heightened sensations of body heat and smell, and vocalizations that are low
Intimate Distance Communication
Is less overwhelming than intimate distance communication. Voice tones are moderate and body heat and smell are less noticeable.
Personal Distance Communication
Is characterized by a clear visual perception of the whole individual. Body heat and odor are imperceptible, eye contact is increased, and vocalizations are loud enough to be overheard by others
Social Distance Communication
Requires loud, clear vocalizations with careful enunciation
Public Distance Communication
Is a concept of the space and things that an individual considers as belonging to the self
Territoriality
The moment in communication when the verbal and nonverbal communication aspects of the message match
Congruent Communication
Is a speech type similar to baby talk that gives the message of dependence and incompetence and is viewed as patronizing by older adults
Elderspeak
Are the defining limits of individuals, objects, or relationships
Boundaries
This communication promotes understanding and can help establish a constructive relationship between the nurse and the client
Therapeutic Communication
Is listening actively and with mindfulness, using all the senses, and paying attention to what the client says, does, and feels as opposed to listening passively with just the ear
Attentive Listening
Therapeutic Communication Techniques
Using silence
Providing general leads
Being specific and tentative
Using open-ended questions
Using Touch
Restating or paraphrasing
Seeking clarification
Perception checking or seeking consensual validation
Offering self
Giving information
Acknowledging
Clarifying time or sequence
Presenting reality
Focusing
Reflecting
Summarizing and planning
Barriers to Therapeutic Communication
Stereotyping
Agreeing and Disagreeing
Being defensive
Challenging
Probing
Testing
Rejecting
Changing topics and subjects
Unwarranted reassurance
Passing judgment
Giving common advice
This is an intellectual and emotional bond between the nurse and the client and is focused on the client. Nurse-client relationships are often considered this.
Helping Relationship
Phases of the Helping Relationship
Preinteraction Phase
Introductory Phase
Working Phase
Resolution Phase
The phase of the helping relationship which is like the planning stage before an interview
Preinteraction Phase
The phase of the helping relationship which is also referred to as the orientation phase or the prehelping phase. It is important because it sets the tone for the rest of the relationship.
Introductory Phase
The phase of the helping relationship where the nurse and client begin to view each other as unique individuals. They begin to appreciate this uniqueness and care about each other.
Working Phase
The final phase of the helping relationship. This begins when the actual problems are resolved and ends with the termination of the relationship.
Resolution Phase
Types of Disruptive Behaviors
Incivility
Bullying
Workplace Violence
Consists of behaviors that are disrespectful, rude impolite, and promote conflict while increasing stress. Includes rolling of the eyes, gossiping, spreading rumors, name-calling, using a condescending tone, sarcastic comments, interrupting others, and using public criticism.
Incivility
Is repeated, health-harming mistreatment of one or more persons by one or more perpetrators
Bullying
Any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site. It ranges from threats and verbal abuse to physical assault and even homicide.
Workplace Violence
4 Types of Violence a Nurse May Experience at the Work Site:
Criminal Intent
Customer or Client
Worker-on-worker
Personal relationship
Workplace violence where the perpetrator has no relationship with the victim and the violence is carried out in conjunction with a crime
Criminal Intent
Workplace violence where the perpetrator is a member of the public with whom the nurse is interacting during the course of the nurse’s regular duties
Customer or Client
Workplace violence where it is commonly perceived as bullying. The perpetrator and victim work together, although not necessarily in the same role or at the same level.
Worker-on-Worker
Workplace violence where the victim has been targeted as a result of an existing exterior relationship with the perpetrator, with the violence taking place in the workplace.
Personal Relationship
Is the ability to form work relationships with colleagues, display maturity in a variety of situations, and resolve conflicts while taking into consideration the emotions of others
Emotional Intelligence
