Finals - Laboratory and Diagnostics - Sheet1

Question 1

Are tools that provide information about the client, also run to find the cause of disease or discomfort; tests used to make a diagnosis.

Answer 1

Diagnostic and laboratory Tests:

Question 2

Types of diagnostic tests

Answer 2

Invasive
Noninvasive

Question 3

: The body is not entered with any type of instrument.
.

Answer 3

Noninvasive

Question 4

: The body’s tissues, organs, or cavities are accessed through some type of procedure making use of instruments

Answer 4

Invasive

Question 5

Diagnostic testing phases

Answer 5

pretest
intratest
postest

Question 6

The major focus of the pretest phase is client preparation
• The nurse must know what equipment and supplies are needed for the specific test
• Assessment of the patient to assist in determining precautions
• Providing information and answering client’s question about the procedure.

Answer 6

PRETEST

Question 7

• It focuses on specimen collection and performing or assisting with certain diagnostic testing.
• The nurses uses of special standard precautions and sterile techniques
• Provide
emotional and
physical support while
monitoring the client as
needed (e.g., V /S, pulse
oximetry, ECG).
Correct labeling, storage, and transportation of the specimen to avoid invalid
test results.

Answer 7

INTRATEST

Question 8

The focus of this phase is on nursing care of the client and follow up activities and
observations.
• Compare the previous and current test results
• Modify nursing
interventions as needed • Report the results to
appropriate health team members.

Answer 8

POSTEST

Question 9

• The liquid portion of the blood (serum) is tested for serum electrolytes and enzymes
• Examples:
creatine kinase, serum glucose, hormones like thyroid hormones, substances like cholesterol and cardiac markers like troponin I

Answer 9

Blood Chemistry

Question 10

• Blood from the radial, brachial or femoral arteries is withdrawn
• Apply pressure for 5 to 10 minutes at the puncture site because of great pressure

Answer 10

Arterial Blood Gas

Question 11

Public Health strategy that enables early detection of several congenital health diseases via a heel-stick collection
RA 9288 or the Newborn Screening Act of 2004 Glucose-6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Congenital Hypothyroidism. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasi • Galactosemia.
Phenylketonuria.
• Maple Syrup Urine Disease. • Cystic Fibrosis.
• Biotinidase Deficiency.

Answer 11

Newborn Metabolic Screen

Question 12

Taken to measure the blood glucose level

Answer 12

Capillary Blood Glucose

Question 13

Provide more information about client’s health condition
Indications:
• Check for occult blood via the guaiac test • Check for dietary products and secretions • Check for the presence of ova and parasites (specimen should be warm)
• Check for bacteria and viruses

Answer 13

Stool Specimen

Question 14

› This test uses a chemical called guaiac, which reacts with hemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells) present in stool samples.

Answer 14

> Guaiac smear (Hemoccult):

Question 15

> Similar to the (Hemoccult) however, instead of applying the sample to a card, you might use a special applicator or a FIT kit to collect a sample in a vial.

Answer 15

> Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) or Immunochemical FOBT (IFOBT):

Question 16

Types of Urine Collection

Answer 16

Random (routine analysis)
Timed (24-hour urine)
Collection from a closed urinary drainage system.
Sterile specimen (catheterized)
Clean-voided specimen.

Question 17

The mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea. It is different from the saliva
Reasons for Sputum Collection:
1. For culture and sensitivity 2. Acid Fast Bacillus Test for TB

Answer 17

Sputum Specimen

Question 18

is collected from the mucosa of the oropharynx and tosillar regions using a culture swab.

Answer 18

A throat culture sample

Question 19

The study of film exposed to x-rays or
gamma rays through the action of ionizing radiation.
■ Used by the practitioner to study internal organ structure.

Answer 19

Radiography

Question 20

The most common radiological study. Noninvasive, noncontrasted.

Answer 20

Chest X-Ray

Question 21

■ The radiological scanning of the body.
■ X-ray beams and radiation detectors transmit data to a computer that transcribes the data into quantitative measurement and multidimensional images of the internal structures.

Answer 21

Computed Tomography

Question 22

use of radiowaves and a strong magnetic field to make continuous cross- sectional images of the body.

Answer 22

The MRI

Question 23

■ Immediate, serial images of the body’s structure and function.
Reveals the motion of organs.

Answer 23

Fluoroscopy

Question 24

■ The use of barium, a chalky white contrast medium, in a preparation that permits roentgengraphic visualizations of the internal structures of the digestive tract.

Answer 24

Barium Studies

Question 25

is the one of the radiological imaging procedure available for detailed investigation of heart and blood vessels after injecting the contrast media.

Answer 25

Angiography

Question 26

: imaging of the arteries

Answer 26

Arteriography

Question 27

: imaging of the veins/phlebogram

Answer 27

Venography

Question 28

: imaging of the heart and associated structures

Answer 28

Angiocardiography

Question 29

: imaging of the lymphatic vessels/nodes

Answer 29

Lymphography

Question 30

A graphic recording of the heart’s electrical activity.

Answer 30

Electrocardiogram

Question 31

■ A measure of the client’s cardiovascular fitness.
■ It demonstrates the ability of the myocardium to respond to increased oxygen requirements by increasing the blood flow to the coronary arteries.

Answer 31

Stress Test

Question 32

a type of nuclear medicine procedure that measures metabolic activity of the cells of body tissues.

Answer 32

Positron Emission tomography (PET)