Provision of Comfort Measures - 1 Flashcards
is the science of health and its maintenance
Hygiene
is provided to clients as they awaken in the morning. It is serving a urinal or bedpan to the confined-to-bed clients, washing the face and hands, and giving oral care.
Early morning care
is the provision of breakfast, elimination needs, bath/shower, perineal care, back massages, oral, nail, and hair care, and making the client’s bed.
Morning care
is care provision before patients retire at night. It involves the provision of elimination needs, washing face, and hands, giving oral care, and giving back rub/ massage.
Hours of sleep or PM care
is required as needed by the patient
As needed or PRN care
Factors influencing individual hygienic purposes
Culture
Religion
Environment
Developmental level
Health and energy
Personal preferences
Bedmaking
It is the technique of preparing different types of beds to make a patient/client comfortable or his/her position suitable for a particular condition.
PURPOSE OF BEDMAKING
▸ To provide the client with a safe & comfortable bed to rest & sleep.
▸ To keep the ward neat and tidy.
▸ To prevent Bedsores
It is a bed, made when it is about to be occupied by either a new patient or an ambulatory patient.
OPEN BED
It is an unoccupied or empty bed made to receive the patient and is fully covered with counterpane to protect it from dust and dirt. On admission of the patient, the closed bed is converted into an open bed.
CLOSED BED
PURPOSES OF OPEN AND CLOSED BEDS:
To keep the bed ready for occupancy.
To provide a neat and tidy appearance to the unit
This bed is made with the patient in it.
OCCUPIED BED
PURPOSES OF OCCUPIED BED:
To make a bed with the least possible discomfort to the patient.
To handle the bedclothes skillfully while the patient is in bed, giving the least disturbance to the occupant.
To provide a neat, clean, and tidy appearance.
It is a bed prepared for a patient who is recovering from the effects of anesthesia following surgery.
POST-OPERATIVE BED
PURPOSES POST-OPERATIVE BED:
To receive the patient conveniently
To provide warmth and comfort
To prevent shock
To prevent injury
To prevent soiling of the bed
To meet any emergency
PRINCIPLE 1:
*Microorganisms are found everywhere on the skin, on the articles used by the client, and in the environment. The nurse takes care to prevent the transference of microorganisms from the source to the new host by direct or indirect contact or to prevent the multiplication of the microorganisms.
- The nurse washes her hands before and after bedmaking to protect the client and herself from cross-infection.
*When changing bed linen, follow the principles of medical asepsis by keeping soiled linen away from the uniform.
*Place soiled linen in special linen bags before placing it in a hamper.
*To avoid air currents that spread microorganisms, never shake the linen.
*To avoid transmitting infection, do not place soiled linen on the floor. If clean linen touches the floor or any unclean surface, immediately place it in the dirty linen container.
PRINCIPLE 2:
A safe and comfortable bed will ensure rest, and sleep and prevent several complications in bedridden patients. E.g. bedsores, foot drop etc.
*The body exerts uneven pressure against the mattress, the pressure is greatest over the bony prominences. Lumps and creases in the bed can cause bedsores due to friction between the bed and mattress or wrinkled sheets. Therefore the nurses should take care to make the bed smooth and unwrinkled.
*Pull the bottom sheet tightly so that there are no wrinkles.
INABILITY TO LIFT THE FRONT PART OF THE FOOT
OFF THE GROUND
DROP FOOT
PRINCIPLE 3
Systematic ways of functioning save time, energy, and materials.
When patients are confined to bed, organize bed-making activities to conserve time and energy.
Assemble all articles and arrange them conveniently before starting the bed-making.
Arrange the linen in the reverse order of use.
Finish on one side of the bed before going to the opposite side
When tucking the sheets under the mattress, flexing is done by the knees and hips. This position shifts the work to the long and strong muscles of the thighs and keeps the back in good alignment. This reduces strain on the back.
When placing the linen on the bed and tucking it under the mattress face the direction of work and move with the work rather than twisting the body and overreaching.
___ is the coordinated effort of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems to maintain balance, posture, and body alignment during lifting, moving, positioning, and performing activities of daily living.
Body mechanics
PRINCIPLE 4:
Good body mechanisms maintain body alignment and prevent fatigue.
*During bedmaking use safe patient handling procedures and proper body mechanics.
Body mechanics and safe handling are important when turning or repositioning the patient in bed.
