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VM749 Clin Sci III > SA Urinary > Flashcards

SA Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

when do run a UPC?

A

persistent proteinuria
renal

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2
Q

antiproteinuric drugs

A

ACE inhibitors (enalapril, benazepril)
ARBs (losartan, telmisartan)

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3
Q

most common cause of AKI in dogs

A

raisins/grapes
lepto
lyme
dehydration

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4
Q

most common cause of AKI in cats

A

lilies
FIP
dehydration

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5
Q

nephrotoxic drugs in SA

A

carprofen
enalapril
amphotericin-B

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6
Q

pyelonephritis
testing?
treatment?

A

aerobic culture
fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin)

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7
Q

leptospirosis
testing?
treatment?

A

MAT test (gold standard)
terminate lepto w IV ampicillin or IV/PO doxycycline
eliminate carrier state w PO doxycycline

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8
Q

ethylene glycol
testing?
treatment?

A

can do test kit, but mainly based of clinical signs/findings
fomepizole

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9
Q

most common cause of urinary incontinence

A

weak urethra

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10
Q

what drugs would you use for a weak urethra/sphincter

A

Estrogen (incurin) orally
Testosterone in males
phenylpropanolamine (alpha agonist)

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11
Q

phenylpropanolamine toxicity

A

inappetance
arterial hypertension
lethargy or hyperactivity

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12
Q

what drugs to give for refractory incontinence

A

estrogen + PPA

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13
Q

what drugs to use for sphincter hypertonicity?

A

skeletal m relaxers -
diazepam
methocarbamol
baclofen

alpha antagonist - phenoxybenzamine or prazosin

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14
Q

side effect of phenoxybenzamine or prazosin

A

hypotension

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15
Q

what drugs to use for detrusor atony?

A

parasympathomimetics:
bethanochol
cisapride

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16
Q

side effects of bethanochol

A

salivation, vomit, diarrhea, bradycardia, miosis

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17
Q

side effects of cisapride

A

minimal

18
Q

what drugs to give for detrusor hyperactivity

A

parasympatholytic:
oxybutynin
propantheline

19
Q

oxybutynin and propantheline side effects

A

ileus

20
Q

4 broad causes of pollakiuria

A

urinary disease
prostate disease
vulvitis/vaginitis
miscellaneous

21
Q

what type of culture would you do for routine urinalysis

A

aerobic culture only!

22
Q

what breed should you avoid using sulfa drugs

A

dobermans

23
Q

Brucella treatments

A

spay/neuter
quinolones
doxycycline

24
Q

which stones are radiodense

A

struvite
silicate
calcium oxalate

25
Q

which stones are commonly associated with infection? what is the treatment?

A

struvites

acidfying diet

26
Q

____ dogs are predisposed to calcium oxalate calculi

A

schnauzers

27
Q

calcium oxalate crystals treatment?

A

sx
alkaline diet
potassium citrate
vitamin B6
thiazide diuretics

28
Q

urate calculi are common in what animals? treatment?

A

dalmations
PSS

alkaline diet
allopurinol - dalmations
correct underlying disease

29
Q

silicate calculi common in what dogs? treatment?

A

GSD and retrievers
surgery or alkaline diet

30
Q

cystine calculi common in what dogs? treatment?

A

male dachsund, english bulldogs, bassett hounds

alkaline diet
D-penecillamine
potassium citrate

31
Q

FLUTD - sterile interstitial cystitis main cause? treatment?

A

stress

canned food
stress relief (alpha-caseozepine or L-tryptophan or BL999)

32
Q

neutering dogs helps with all canine prostatic disease except?

A

neoplasia

33
Q

which canine prostatic disease?
Bilaterally enlarged, smooth, non-painful
Hemorrhage is the most common sign

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

34
Q

which canine prostatic disease?
Normal size, EXTREME PAIN, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria)

A

acute bacterial prostatitis

35
Q

which canine prostatic disease?
Bilaterally enlarged, irregular margination, firm, normal median groove, non-painful, subclinical, hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria (rare)

A

chronic bacterial prostatitis

36
Q

which canine prostatic disease?
Unilateral, enlarged, fluid filled, extreme painful, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria, dyschezia)

A

prostatic abscess

37
Q

which canine prostatic disease?
Unilateral or bilateral, enlarged, very firm, loss of septum, fixed, stranguria

A

prostatic neoplasia - adenocarcinoma

38
Q

treatment for prostatic neoplasia

A

Piroxicam/Meloxicam (NSAID)
sz
radiation
chemo

39
Q

which abx do you NOT give for prostatitis

A

NO beta-lactams

40
Q

what prostatic diseases have aspirate, biopsy and massage as contraindicated?

A

acute bacterial prostatitis
prostatic abscess

VM749 Clin Sci III (12 decks)

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