SA Urinary Flashcards
when do run a UPC?
persistent proteinuria
renal
antiproteinuric drugs
ACE inhibitors (enalapril, benazepril)
ARBs (losartan, telmisartan)
most common cause of AKI in dogs
raisins/grapes
lepto
lyme
dehydration
most common cause of AKI in cats
lilies
FIP
dehydration
nephrotoxic drugs in SA
carprofen
enalapril
amphotericin-B
pyelonephritis
testing?
treatment?
aerobic culture
fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin)
leptospirosis
testing?
treatment?
MAT test (gold standard)
terminate lepto w IV ampicillin or IV/PO doxycycline
eliminate carrier state w PO doxycycline
ethylene glycol
testing?
treatment?
can do test kit, but mainly based of clinical signs/findings
fomepizole
most common cause of urinary incontinence
weak urethra
what drugs would you use for a weak urethra/sphincter
Estrogen (incurin) orally
Testosterone in males
phenylpropanolamine (alpha agonist)
phenylpropanolamine toxicity
inappetance
arterial hypertension
lethargy or hyperactivity
what drugs to give for refractory incontinence
estrogen + PPA
what drugs to use for sphincter hypertonicity?
skeletal m relaxers -
diazepam
methocarbamol
baclofen
alpha antagonist - phenoxybenzamine or prazosin
side effect of phenoxybenzamine or prazosin
hypotension
what drugs to use for detrusor atony?
parasympathomimetics:
bethanochol
cisapride
side effects of bethanochol
salivation, vomit, diarrhea, bradycardia, miosis
side effects of cisapride
minimal
what drugs to give for detrusor hyperactivity
parasympatholytic:
oxybutynin
propantheline
oxybutynin and propantheline side effects
ileus
4 broad causes of pollakiuria
urinary disease
prostate disease
vulvitis/vaginitis
miscellaneous
what type of culture would you do for routine urinalysis
aerobic culture only!
what breed should you avoid using sulfa drugs
dobermans
Brucella treatments
spay/neuter
quinolones
doxycycline
which stones are radiodense
struvite
silicate
calcium oxalate
which stones are commonly associated with infection? what is the treatment?
struvites
acidfying diet
____ dogs are predisposed to calcium oxalate calculi
schnauzers
calcium oxalate crystals treatment?
sx
alkaline diet
potassium citrate
vitamin B6
thiazide diuretics
urate calculi are common in what animals? treatment?
dalmations
PSS
alkaline diet
allopurinol - dalmations
correct underlying disease
silicate calculi common in what dogs? treatment?
GSD and retrievers
surgery or alkaline diet
cystine calculi common in what dogs? treatment?
male dachsund, english bulldogs, bassett hounds
alkaline diet
D-penecillamine
potassium citrate
FLUTD - sterile interstitial cystitis main cause? treatment?
stress
canned food
stress relief (alpha-caseozepine or L-tryptophan or BL999)
neutering dogs helps with all canine prostatic disease except?
neoplasia
which canine prostatic disease?
Bilaterally enlarged, smooth, non-painful
Hemorrhage is the most common sign
benign prostatic hyperplasia
which canine prostatic disease?
Normal size, EXTREME PAIN, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria)
acute bacterial prostatitis
which canine prostatic disease?
Bilaterally enlarged, irregular margination, firm, normal median groove, non-painful, subclinical, hematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria (rare)
chronic bacterial prostatitis
which canine prostatic disease?
Unilateral, enlarged, fluid filled, extreme painful, clinically ill (fever, stiff gait, hematuria/pollakiuria, dyschezia)
prostatic abscess
which canine prostatic disease?
Unilateral or bilateral, enlarged, very firm, loss of septum, fixed, stranguria
prostatic neoplasia - adenocarcinoma
treatment for prostatic neoplasia
Piroxicam/Meloxicam (NSAID)
sz
radiation
chemo
which abx do you NOT give for prostatitis
NO beta-lactams
what prostatic diseases have aspirate, biopsy and massage as contraindicated?
acute bacterial prostatitis
prostatic abscess
