Mastitis Flashcards
most common cause of subclinical IMI in small ruminants
CNS
most common cause of clinical IMI in small ruminants
staph aureus
causes of a precocious udder
puberty
progesterone
estrogen
seasonality (spring)
abx for beef cattle mastitis
oxytetracycline
macrolides
florfenicol
main pathogens of mastitis in sows
coliforms
abx for pigs
what other tx?
oxytetracyclines
macrolides
ceftiofur
oxytocin and NSAIDs
main mastitis pathogen in horses? when does it occur? other clinical signs?
strep zooepidemicus
during dry off period
swollen mammary v and hindlimb lameness
cause of agalactia in horses
endophyte contaminated fescue = ergot alkaloid fungus like acts like dopamine agonists
treatment for horse agalactia
dopamine antagonist like domperidone
proper milking procedure is dependent on what
oxytocin
overmiling/no milk flow while machine is attached
teat ringing
discolored teat
hyperkeratosis
cause of ulcerative mammalitis
BHV-2
viral causes of teat lesions
BHV-2
bovine papillomavirus
poxvirus
vesicular stomatitis virus
“slow milker” secondary to fibrosis and scar tissue
stenotic teat canal
what do you call a membrane blocking the teat canal
spider teat
most common soft tissue mass on the teats
polyps
supernumerary teats congenital or acquired
genetic component
bacteria associated with udder cleft dermatitis ‘udder rot’? common in?
F. necrophorum
T. pyogenes
heifers and high producing animals
the #1 economic loss associated with mastitis.
reduced yield (65%)
normal SCC
< 100,000
infected SCC
100,000 - 10 million
US bulk tank limit for SCC
750k
what is the single most effective practice to reduce incidence of contagious mastitis
post milk teat dip
most common contagious mastitis pathogens
strep agalactiae
mycoplasma bovis
staph aureus
CNS
corynebacterium bovis
cows with mycoplasma mastitis will also have signs of what
respiratory
otitis media
joints
-highly contagious
- abx resistance
what pathogen causes microabscesses with mastitis
staph aureus
how to control environmental mastitis
teat end immune defenses
pre-milk teat dip
clean housing
hygienic milking practices
most common environmental mastitis pathogen and primary source
Strep uberis
bedding
if I have an open herd or the BT SCC climbs rapidly after a herd addition, what bacteria am I suspecting?
Strep agalactiae
how would you confirm a Strep ag infection
CAMP test
which mastitis causing bacteria can you use intramammary abx?
Strep spp EXCEPT uberis
Coagulase neg staph
trueperella pyogenes
why do you not give IM abx to mycoplasma?
abx resistance, no treatment
why do you not give IM abx to Staph aureus
low cure rate
why do you not give IM abx to Strep uberis
refractory to treatment
why do you not give IM abx to Coliforms
little benefit
