Mastitis Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of subclinical IMI in small ruminants

A

CNS

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2
Q

most common cause of clinical IMI in small ruminants

A

staph aureus

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3
Q

causes of a precocious udder

A

puberty
progesterone
estrogen
seasonality (spring)

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4
Q

abx for beef cattle mastitis

A

oxytetracycline
macrolides
florfenicol

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5
Q

main pathogens of mastitis in sows

A

coliforms

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6
Q

abx for pigs

what other tx?

A

oxytetracyclines
macrolides
ceftiofur

oxytocin and NSAIDs

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7
Q

main mastitis pathogen in horses? when does it occur? other clinical signs?

A

strep zooepidemicus
during dry off period
swollen mammary v and hindlimb lameness

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8
Q

cause of agalactia in horses

A

endophyte contaminated fescue = ergot alkaloid fungus like acts like dopamine agonists

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9
Q

treatment for horse agalactia

A

dopamine antagonist like domperidone

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10
Q

proper milking procedure is dependent on what

A

oxytocin

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11
Q

overmiling/no milk flow while machine is attached
teat ringing
discolored teat

A

hyperkeratosis

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12
Q

cause of ulcerative mammalitis

A

BHV-2

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13
Q

viral causes of teat lesions

A

BHV-2
bovine papillomavirus
poxvirus
vesicular stomatitis virus

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14
Q

“slow milker” secondary to fibrosis and scar tissue

A

stenotic teat canal

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15
Q

what do you call a membrane blocking the teat canal

A

spider teat

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16
Q

most common soft tissue mass on the teats

A

polyps

17
Q

supernumerary teats congenital or acquired

A

genetic component

18
Q

bacteria associated with udder cleft dermatitis ‘udder rot’? common in?

A

F. necrophorum
T. pyogenes

heifers and high producing animals

19
Q

the #1 economic loss associated with mastitis.

A

reduced yield (65%)

20
Q

normal SCC

A

< 100,000

21
Q

infected SCC

A

100,000 - 10 million

22
Q

US bulk tank limit for SCC

A

750k

23
Q

what is the single most effective practice to reduce incidence of contagious mastitis

A

post milk teat dip

24
Q

most common contagious mastitis pathogens

A

strep agalactiae
mycoplasma bovis
staph aureus
CNS
corynebacterium bovis

25
Q

cows with mycoplasma mastitis will also have signs of what

A

respiratory
otitis media
joints

-highly contagious
- abx resistance

26
Q

what pathogen causes microabscesses with mastitis

A

staph aureus

27
Q

how to control environmental mastitis

A

teat end immune defenses
pre-milk teat dip
clean housing
hygienic milking practices

28
Q

most common environmental mastitis pathogen and primary source

A

Strep uberis

bedding

29
Q

if I have an open herd or the BT SCC climbs rapidly after a herd addition, what bacteria am I suspecting?

A

Strep agalactiae

30
Q

how would you confirm a Strep ag infection

A

CAMP test

31
Q

which mastitis causing bacteria can you use intramammary abx?

A

Strep spp EXCEPT uberis
Coagulase neg staph
trueperella pyogenes

32
Q

why do you not give IM abx to mycoplasma?

A

abx resistance, no treatment

33
Q

why do you not give IM abx to Staph aureus

A

low cure rate

34
Q

why do you not give IM abx to Strep uberis

A

refractory to treatment

35
Q

why do you not give IM abx to Coliforms

A

little benefit