Canine Lameness & OA Flashcards
females overrepresented with
IMPA
intact male dogs overrepresented with
vehicular trauma
german shepherd predisposed to
panosteitis
rottweilers predisposed to
osteosarcoma
labs predisposed to
elbow dysplasia
agility dogs predisposed to
digital fx
hunting dogs predisposed to
shoulder strains
if the lameness is acute, severe, and persistent what might it indicate
fracture
luxation
if the lameness if acute with chronic history what might it indicate
pathologic fracture
exacerbation of osteoarthritis
which joint is not easily assessed for presence of effusion?
hip
physiologic indicators of pain
tachypnea
tachycardia
mydriasis
hypertension
hyperthermia
what is flexibility testing?
evaluates soft tissue extensibility and necessitates that the muscle be stretched
what do you call bone on bone grating sensation commonly appreciated in osteoarthritic joints
crepitus
purpose of the campbell test
assess for presence of pain in dogs with medial compartment disease
difference between passive ROM and flexibility testing
PROM: joints; muscles on slack
flexibility testing: soft tissue structures; muscles stretched
4 beat gait without a suspension phase
walk
accelerated walk maintaining 4-beat gait pattern
amble
2-beat, diagonal gait with suspension phase - diagonal limb pairs move simultaneously
trot
2-beat lateral gait - ipsilateral limb pairs move simultaneously
pacing
asymmetric gait (3-beat gait with different patterns on the right and left side
canter
signs of thoracic limb lameness
head raised when affected limb down
exacerbated with downhill
signs of pelvic limb lameness
elevated pelvis when affected limb down
exacerbated with uphill
head nod with severe PL lameness
how common is OA?
extremely common
Extracellular matrix components
type II collagen
proteoglycans (aggrecan)
water
what is the purpose of the ECM?
Provides osmotic pressure and gives cartilage the ability to resist compressive forces and support the cells
is canine OA most commonly primary or secondary?
secondary
pathogenesis of OA
enzymes breakdown ECM
pro-inflam mediators
pain signaling proteins (NGF)
cartilage lost, eburnation
best pharmacologic for canine OA
NSAIDS (COX 2 specific) - carprofen
MOA of galliprant
prostaglandin R antagonist
what is the single most important thing that can be recommended in patients with orthopedic disease
weight loss (reduced calories > exercise)
what joint injections are usually used as a last resort for canine OA
corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid
ideal body weight formula
current weight
100% + %overweight
RER formula
70 x IBW ^ 0.75
recommended dose of EPA and DHA formula
310 x IBW ^0.75
