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S&D1 > S&D1 Block 5 > Flashcards

S&D1 Block 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Dementia is caused by Alzheimer’s Disease, Vascular Dementia, and what three other things?

A

Alcoholism, Parkinson and Lewy Body Dementia, Drug/medication intoxication

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2
Q

What vitamins can cause dementia?

What infections can cause dementia?

A

B12 and B1

HIV, hypothyroidism

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3
Q

Reversible cause of dementia: vitamins B1 and 12, medication, alcohol, and what are the other two?

A

Hypothyroidism and Non-pressure hydrocephalus

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4
Q

What are the three most common potentially reversible diagnosis of dementia?

A

Depression, normal pressure hydrocephalus, alcohol dependence

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5
Q

With dementia, what is the acute/subacute onset of confusion?

A

Delirium

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6
Q

Dementia: What is a slowly progressive memory loss in elderly likely due to __________?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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7
Q

What is dementia that is difficulty managing money, driving, shopping, following instruction, finding words, and ect.?

A

Frontal Temporal Dementia

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8
Q

_______ is also suggested by prominent apathy, loss of empathy, loss of speech fluency and by relative sparing of memory and visuospatial abilities

A

Frontal Temporal Dementia

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9
Q

______ is suggested by early visual hallucinations, REM behavior disorder (RBD), Capgras delusion

A

Dementia with Lewy Bodies

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10
Q

Rapid progression with motor rigidity and myoclonus suggests __________

A

CJD

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11
Q

Typical __________ spares motor system until later

______ patients often have axial rigidity, supranuclear gaze palsy, or a motor neuron disease

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

Frontotemporal dementia

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12
Q

____________ often starts with visual hallucinations or dementia ; but may include symptoms of Parkinson disease (resting tremors, cogwheel rigidity, bradykinesia, festinating gait)

A

Dementia with Lewy Bodies

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13
Q

What is dementia with myelopathy and peripheral neuropathy suggest what?

A

B12 Deficiency

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14
Q

Dry cool skin, hair loss, and bradycardia suggests _________

with physical examination approach to dementia is what disease

A

hyporthyroidism

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15
Q

With Dementia, what disease is episodic memory, category generation, visuoconstructive ability?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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16
Q

What is earliest deficits involve executive control and language function (maybe absent in some despite profound social-emotional deficits)

A

Frontal Lobe Dementia

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17
Q

What two diseases with dementia are visuospatial deficit is more severe and episodic memory is less affected as compared to Alzheimer’s Disease

A

Parkinson Disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies

18
Q

What type of dementia is patients show executive control and visuospatial deficits with prominent psychomotor slowing?

A

Vascular dementia patients show executive control and visuospatial deficits with prominent psychomotor slowing

19
Q

What type of Dementia has mild depressive features, social withdrawl, irritability/anxiety as the most prominent changes?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

20
Q

What type of neuropsychiatric assessment in Dementia has a dramatic personality change with apathy, over eating, compulsion, disinhibtion?

A

Frontal Temporal Disease

21
Q

What is the dementia lewy body associated with?

A

excessive day time sleepiness with dramatic fluctuations in cognition and arousal

22
Q

Hippocampal atrophy and posterior predominant cortical atrophy support what?

Less prominent atrophy in what?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

Dementia Lewy Body

23
Q

What Dementia appears at 65?

What Dementia appears 45-65?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

Frontal Temporal Dissociation

24
Q

Frontal Temporal Lobe suffer great problems speaking, understanding speech and reading than who?

A

Alzheimer’s Patients

25
Q

In neuro, what is bad measuring of distances, overshoot, or undershoot?

A

Dysmetria

26
Q

In neuro, what is Dysdiadochokinesia?

A

bad antagonistic muscle movements, ask the patient to pronate and supinate hands in rapid succession

27
Q

In neuro, what is dyssynergia?

A

Bad synergy of muscle movements, jerky or abrupt

28
Q

What is nonrhythmic, jerky, rapid, non suppressible involuntary movement?

A

chorea

29
Q

What is is unilateral rapid, non rhythmic nonsuppressible, proximal arm or leg?

A

Hemiballismus

30
Q

What is nonrhythmic, slow writhing sinuous movements?

A

Athetosis

31
Q

What is a personality that projects themselves onto everyone, does not trust anyone, suspicious of everyone?

A

Paranoid Schizophrenia

32
Q

What is lack of interest in sex, sports, speech?

A

Schizoid Personality Disorder

33
Q

What is the schizotypical personality disorder?

A

Awkward socially, altered perception, the patient is very superstitious of a lot of stuff

34
Q

What psych treatments is deep brain stimulation used for?

A

Depression and OCD

35
Q

What disease is missing arylsulfatase?

A

Metachromatic Dystrophy

36
Q

What disease cannot make VLFCA and cannot have peroxisome fatty acid beta oxidation?

A

Adrenoleukodystrophy?

37
Q

What disease has galactocerebroside beta glactosidase missing?

What is the histology?

A

Krabbe

Globoid cells, cluster around blood vessels

38
Q

What does the side shunt create in krabbe disease?

A

Glactosyl sphingosine

39
Q

What dementia is over 65 years old is has memory loss leading to behavioral loss?

A

Alzheimer’s Disease

40
Q

What dementia is 45-65, has behavioral loss, problems speaking reading, understanding speech?

A

Frontotemporal Dementia

41
Q

What disease has early visual hallucinations, prominent with greater amygdala over hippocampus?

A

Dementia Lewy Body

S&D1 (17 decks)

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