Block1 antimicrobial

Question 1

Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, Fluoroquinolones are what types of drugs?

Answer 1

Bactericidal

Question 2

What 30 S inhibitor should not have milk taken with it?

Answer 2

Tetracyclines

Question 3

What value is assigned to the lowest concentration of drug that inhibits bacterial growth, makes something resistant or susceptible?

Answer 3

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

Question 4

Polymyxin B, amphotericin B, Gentamicin can cause what problems?

Answer 4

Nephrotoxic

Question 5

Bacterial endocarditis with out an allergy is treated with what?

Answer 5

Ampicillin and amoxicillin

Question 6

Beta lactams are paired with what?

Trimethoprim is paired with what?

What types of drugs are these?

Answer 6

aminoglycosides

sulfamethoxazole

synergistic drugs

Question 7

What two types of drugs should never be combined?

Answer 7

bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal, have an antagonistic effect

Question 8

What two drugs are CDKR, that work against Pseudomonas?

Answer 8

Aminoglycosides and Fluroquinolones

Question 9

What two drugs are safe during pregnancy?

Recurrent UTI, do what?

Answer 9

Penicillins and cephalosporins

increase water, pee before and after sex

Question 10

What types of medication can kill bacteria at higher dose, faster?
What is this term called?

Answer 10

Concentration dependent killing

Aminoglycosides and Fluroquinolones

E. Coli and P. Aeruginosa are the big ones here

Question 11

When there is C. Diff, what medication is given?

Answer 11

metronidazole, neomycin, and aminoglycosides

Question 12

What counteracts benzenophines?

Answer 12

Flumazenil

Question 13

Chloroquine and Mefloquine are used to treat what?

Answer 13

Malaria

Question 14

What types of patients get higher doses of bactericidal drugs for longer duration?

Answer 14

Immunecompromised patients

Question 15

Chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic against gram negative rods and bactericidal against what gram positive bacteria?

Answer 15

Strept Pneumoniae

Question 16

What types of drugs must have a concentration above MIC in order to kill off the bacteria, for the entire dosage interval?

Answer 16

Beta Lactam Antibiotics

Question 17

Bacteriostatic agents are not preferred in what type of patients? What are MDs counting on to kill off the bacteria?

Answer 17

Intact cellular immunity

immune compromised

Question 18

A streptococcal infection should be treated promptly to prevent what type of long term disease?

Answer 18

Rheumatic fever

Question 19

What types of antibiotics do not exhibit CDKR?

Answer 19

Penicillin and Beta Lactams

Question 20

What medication is give for TB?

Answer 20

Isoniazid

Question 21

Oseltamivir, rimantadine, and amantadine are used to combat what virus?

Answer 21

Influenza type A

Question 22

Some broad spectrum antibiotics kill off a lot of bacteria and cause what? Seen a lot in female’s yeast infections

Answer 22

Superinfections

Question 23

What binds irreversibly to 30s subunit?

Answer 23

Aminoglycosides and Macrolides

Question 24

If resistant to ciprofloxacin, what do we use?

Answer 24

ceftriaxone

Question 25

What type of gram positive bacteria can cause a superinfections? What type of fungi can cause a massive infection?

Answer 25

C. Difficlile (pseudomembranous colitis) Candida infection

Question 26

Sulfonamides, Tetracyclines, Erythromycin | are what type of drugs

Answer 26

Bacteriostatic

Question 27

The lowest concentration of antibacterial that causes a 99.9% decline in a colony after overnight incubation?

Answer 27

Minimum bactericidal concentration

Question 28

If something is anaerobic what medications can we use? What characteristics do anaerobic bacteria have that makes them unique?

Answer 28

metronidazole, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin pH

Question 29

Organophosphates are counteracted by what?

Answer 29

Atrophine and Pralidoxime (take this one)

Question 30

Tetracyclines, aminogycosides, erythromycin estolate, clarithromycin, fluroquinolones, and sulfonamides are what?

Answer 30

not to be given during pregnancy

Question 31

What medication is given for meningococcal, H. Flu, and meningitis?

Answer 31

Rifampin

Question 32

What stops the vertical transmission of HIV

Answer 32

Zidovudine

Question 33

What types of drugs are contraindicated in patients with liver disease?

Answer 33

erythromycin and tetracyclines

Question 34

What drugs can cross the BBB? What drug is used during a penicillin allergy?

Answer 34

metronidazole and cefuroxime (2nd gen. cephalosporin) macrolide

Question 35

Sulfonamides are bacteriostatic agents. What are two other examples?

Answer 35

Tetracyclines and Erythromycin

Question 36

How do bacteria become more resistant?

Answer 36

Conjugation

Question 37

An antibacterial drug is removed and has a PAE (Post-antibiotic effect). What does this mean and what two medications have this property?

Answer 37

No drug, high levels of drug still in the system, penicillin and aminoglycosides are big here

Question 38

Empiric treatment should be started when? What type of medication will be given if not 100% about what to give patient?

Answer 38

Immediately, give the best guess Broad spectrum

Question 39

Penicillin, Cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluroquinolones are used for quick action. What type of drugs are these?

Answer 39

Bactericidal agents