Block2 intro to path

Question 1

cause of disease

Answer 1

etiology

Question 2

mechanism of disease is what?

Answer 2

pathogenesis

Question 3

structural alteration induced in cells and tissues by the disease

Answer 3

morphologic change

Question 4

functional consequences of the morphologic changes

Answer 4

clinical significance

Question 5

Without or lack of formation

Answer 5

aplasia

Question 6

a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the disintegration of tissue

Answer 6

abscess

Question 7

a malignant tumor of epithelial cells arranged in glandular patterns

Answer 7

adenocarcinoma

Question 8

a benign epithelial tumor in which the cells form glandular structures or are derived from glandular epithelium

Answer 8

adenoma

Question 9

What is ante mortem?

What is post morten?

Answer 9

before death

after death

Question 10

defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue?

Answer 10

aplasia

Question 11

what is closed, absence of a normal opening or normally patent lumen?

Answer 11

atresia

Question 12

what is self-dissolution; the post-mortem enzymatic degradation of cells?

Answer 12

autolysis

Question 13

a group of neoplastic disease in which there is a transformation of normal cells into malignant cells. The cells proliferate in an abnormal way resulting in a malignant, cellular tumor

Answer 13

cancer

Question 14

Having consistency like that of cottage cheese?

Answer 14

Caseous

Question 15

an abnormal sac filled with gas, filled with gas, fluid, or semi-solid material that is lined by a membrane?

Answer 15

cyst

Question 16

The causative agent in a lesion is what?

Answer 16

Etiology

Question 17

An abnormal, tube-like passage from a hollow organ to the surface, or from one organ to another?

Answer 17

Fistula

Question 18

What is a localized collection of extravasated blood, usually clotted?

Answer 18

Hematoma

Question 19

What is the presence of an increased amount of blood in a part or an organ?

Answer 19

hyperemia

Question 20

What is occurring without known cause?

Answer 20

Idiopathic

Question 21

What is a localized area of ischemic necrosis produced by the occlusion of the blood vessels- either arterial supply or venous drainage?

Answer 21

Infarct

Question 22

What is a local deficiency of blood due in part to functional constriction or actual mechanical obstruction of a blood vessel?

Answer 22

Ischemia

Question 23

What is stones formation in tissue or organ?

Answer 23

Lithiasis

Colicky is a thing here

Question 24

What is the interpretation of the abnormalities in terms of severity, time, lesion, and anatomic site. For example: severe, chronic, glomerulonephritis

Answer 24

morphologic diagnosis

Question 25

What is the morphologic changes indicative of cell death indicted by characteristic nuclear and cytoplasmic change?

Answer 25

necrosis

Question 26

What is the examination of a body after death?

Answer 26

Necropsy

Question 27

What is upper urinary tract stones that involve the renal pelvis and extend into at lest 2 calyces are classified as staghorn calculi?

Answer 27

Nephrolithiasis

Question 28

What is a gross, pale, wedge shape, copulative necrosis?

Answer 28

Renal Infarct

Question 29

What is a small projection containing fibrovascular core of connective tissue?

Answer 29

Papillary

Question 30

What is a small circumscribed, solid, elevated lesion of the skin?

Answer 30

Papules

Question 31

What is the sequence of events that leads to a disease or morbid process. It may be, for example, hormonal, chemical infections, genetic or traumatic in nature?

Answer 31

Pathogenesis

Question 32

Neoplasia can be malignant or ______ Cancer is ______

Answer 32

benign malignant

Question 33

What is inflammation of the vein?

Answer 33

phlebitis

Question 34

What is an increase in the number of cells in a tissue organ, usually as a physiologic response to a stimulus?

Answer 34

Hyperplasia

Question 35

This spheroidal mass protrudes upwards or outward from a normal surface. _______ may be hyperplastic, inflammatory, or neoplastic?

Answer 35

Polyp

Question 36

What is a protein-rich liquid inflammation product comprised leukocytes (neutrophils), a thin fluid and cellular debris?

Answer 36

Pus

Question 37

What is a prediction of the outcome of the pathological process or disease?

Answer 37

Prognosis

Question 38

an infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells into an area of chronic inflammation characterized by mononuclear cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and even plasma cells

Answer 38

Pyogranuloma

Question 39

What is having a saw like edge?

Answer 39

Serrated

Question 40

What is attached by a broad base?

Answer 40

Sessile

Question 41

What is pus containing oftens follows a bacterial infection and liquefactive necrosis?

Answer 41

Suppurative

Question 42

What is a clot of material that breaks free from primary site, is transported in the bloodstream and become lodged and adhered at a secondary site?

Answer 42

Thromboembolus

Question 43

What is having a local defect or excavation of the epithelium of an organ or tissue through the basement membrane?

Answer 43

Ulcerated

Question 44

What is a benign, focal malformation that resemble neoplasm in the tissue of its origin?

Answer 44

Harmartoma

Question 45

What is noncancerous growths that form due to abnormal collection of blood vessels?

Answer 45

Hemangiomas

Question 46

What is a mass of histologically normal tissue present at an abnormal location?

Answer 46

Choristoma

Question 47

What is a type of germ cell tumor made up of a heterogeneous mixture of tissues from one or more of the germ cell layers?

Answer 47

Teratoma

Question 48

Pyknosis is what?

Answer 48

condensation of chromatin

Question 49

Karyorrhexis is what?

Answer 49

fragmentation of nuclear material

Question 50

Karyolysis is what?

Answer 50

lysis of chromatin due to the action nucleases

Question 51

Creatine Phosphokinase-MB isozyme (CPK-MB); Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH); Troponin I and T, Myoglobin are seen in what?

Answer 51

heart attacks

Question 52

What does ALT and AST that are elevated?

Answer 52

Hepatitis

Question 53

What does Pancreatitis have an elevated level of?

Answer 53

Amylase and lipase

Question 54

Biliary tract obstruction has what elevation?

Answer 54

Alkaline Phosphatase

Question 55

What can mediate a direct attack on a target cell and initiate a self destruction cascade?

Answer 55

cytotoxic T cells and NK cells

Question 56

Protein malnutrition is what disease?

Answer 56

Kwashiorkor

Question 57

What is protein-calorie deficiency?

Answer 57

Marasmus