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GCSEs > RS Islam > Flashcards

RS Islam Flashcards

1
Q

5 pillars of Islam definition

A

The five most important duties for all Muslims

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2
Q

The 5 pillars of Islam

A

Hajj, Shahadah, Sawm, Salah, Zakat

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3
Q

Salah meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Prayer performed 5 times a day

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4
Q

Sawm meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Fasting during the month of Ramadan

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5
Q

Zakah meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Compulsory charity tax

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6
Q

Hajj meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

annual pilgrimage to Mecca

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7
Q

Khums (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

special type of Zakah where 20% of certain types of income go to charity

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8
Q

Jihad meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Struggle to be a good Muslim

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9
Q

Amr-bil-ma’ruf meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

always doing good actions

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10
Q

Nahi anil munkar meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

always avoiding evil

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11
Q

Tawalla meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Association with good people

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12
Q

Tabarra meaning (Ten Obligatory Acts)

A

Disassociation with evil people

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13
Q

What direction do Muslims face during Salah?

A

Mecca

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14
Q

Wudu meaning

A

the ritual washing before prayers

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15
Q

Imam meaning

A

Prayer leader

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16
Q

Declaration of faith is also known as

A

Shahadah

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17
Q

Tawhid meaning

A

Oneness of Allah

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18
Q

Importance of Zakah for Muslims

A

• Paying Zakah is a sign of a Muslim’s submission to Allah
• it’s believed to purify the wealth of a Muslim
• Frees people from desire and teaches self discipline
• Strengthens the Ummah by supporting the poor
• Third pillar of Islam

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19
Q

Importance of Sawm for Muslims

A

• Fasting brings Muslims closer to Allah
• Fasting promotes self-control
• Ramadan is viewed as training to recharge spiritually
• Supports Jihad
• One of the 5 pillars
• Marks the revelation of Qur’an (Ramadan)

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20
Q

What is faith referred to in Islam?

A

Iman

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21
Q

Importance of Shahadah in Islam

A

• Must be said in order to convert to Islam
• Required for Ibadah
• At birth, the parents whisper the Shahadah into the baby’s ear as it reminds them that Allah has given them the baby as a gift
• When Muslims are near death they try to make it the last words they say

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22
Q

Ibadah meaning

A

Worship

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23
Q

What do Muslims believe about the Shahadah?

A

• Muslims bear wear witness that there is no God but Allah • Muhammad is the servant of Allah • Ali is the friend of Allah (Shi’as only)

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24
Q

Fasting in Islam is not obligatory for who?

A

Those who are ill, elderly, pregnant or travelling

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25
Q

What type of Muslims follow the 6 articles of faith?

A

Sunnis

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26
Q

What type of Muslims follow the 5 roots of faith (Usul ad-din)

A

Shias

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27
Q

What are the 6 articles of faith?

A

• Belief in Allah
• Belief in angels
• Belief in the holy books
• Belief in Allah’s messengers
• Belief in judgement day
• Belief in life after death

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28
Q

What beliefs provides the basis of Islam for Muslims?

A

Believing in the 6 articles/ 5 roots of faith

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29
Q

5 roots of faith in Islam

A

• Belief in Tawhid (oneness of Allah)
• belief in Adalat (Allah’s justice)
• Belief in Nubuwwah (Allah’s prophets)
• Belief in Imamah (successors of Muhammad)
• Belief in Judgement Day

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30
Q

Importance of the five roots or six articles of faith for Muslims

A

• Basis of Islam
• Helps Muslims enter heaven
• Guides their actions
• Required to become a Sunni or Shia

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31
Q

Difference between the 5 roots of faith and the 6 articles of faith

A

• Sunnis don’t accept the belief in Imamah
• Shias believed the Imams were descendants and successors of Muhammad
• Sunnis believed Muhammad had no descendants but in the idea of caliphates succeeding him

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32
Q

SOA for the 6 articles/ 5 roots of faith in Islam

A

It is righteousness to believe in God and the Last Day and the Angels and the Book and the Messengers (Quran 2:177)

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33
Q

Al - Qadar meaning

A

Belief in predestination

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34
Q

Kutub meaning

A

Holy Books

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35
Q

Rasul

A

A prophet or messenger of Allah

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36
Q

Risalah

A

System of communication between Allah, the prophets and the people

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37
Q

Facts about Risalah in Islam

A

• The Hadith states Allah has sent 124,000 messengers • 25 prophets are named in the Quran • Muslims believe all prophets brought the same message

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38
Q

What do Muslims believe about the Prophet Muhammed?

A

• He is the seal of the prophets (Quran 33:40) • He is the final prophet with the complete message • He’s an excellent model

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39
Q

Wahy meaning

A

The process of receiving divine revelations

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40
Q

What do Muslims believe about Kutub?

A

• The most significant holy book in Islam is the Quran
• The holy books are a source of wisdom and contain guidance on how to live correctly
• The Quran is the pure word of Allah

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41
Q

What do Muslims believe about prophet Ibrahim?

A

• He built the Kaaba in Mecca and began tradition of the pilgrimage
• The Sahifah was given to him
• Called Allah’s friend and was an example to others in obedience to Allah

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42
Q

What do Muslims belief about prophet Adam?

A

He was the first prophet and human being • Ancestor of all human beings • Made out of clay • All his teachings have been lost overtime

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43
Q

Muslim beliefs about the Sahifah

A

• No Sahifahs (scrolls) of Ibrahim and Musa survive today • Relates to Judgement Day and the afterlife

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44
Q

Muslims beliefs about Zabur

A

• Known as Psalms in English • Contains beautiful songs from Dawud that glorified Allah • Was revealed to Dawud

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45
Q

Muslim beliefs about the Tawrat

A

• Means Torah in English • Was given to Musa directly from Allah • First 5 books of the Old Testament • Not in its original form

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46
Q

Muslim beliefs about the Injil

A

• Known as the Gospel in English • Was given to Isa to teach others through a divine revelation by Allah • Isa was a miracle worker • Has been distorted over time

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47
Q

Muslim beliefs about the Quran

A

• Final revelation from Allah to Muhammed
• Only book accepted as the true word of Allah so it completes other holy books believed to have been corrupted
• Source of guidance and wisdom
• Contains ‘clarification for all things’ so nothing else is needed for a good life (Surah 16)

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48
Q

What are the 5 Kutubs

A

Sahifah, Tawrat (1500 BC), Zabur (1000 BC), Injil (30 CE), Qur’an (610-632 CE)

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49
Q

Imamate meaning

A

Spiritual & religious role of an Imam • Only accepted by Shias

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50
Q

The Night of Power in Arabic

A

Laylat al -Qadr

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51
Q

Muslim beliefs about the Night of Power

A

• Qur’an says it’s better than thousands of nights • Night when the Qur’an was revealed to Muhammed • Able to remove past sins

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52
Q

Importance of Kutuballah (Allah’s books) for Muslims

A

• Offers complete guidance • Allow Muslims to better understand Allah

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53
Q

Malaikah meaning

A

Angels

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54
Q

Purpose of Malaikah in Islam

A

• Praise Allah in heaven • Guardians of the gates of hell • Deliver the message of Allah to the prophets • Record good and bad deeds of humans

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55
Q

Importance of angels for Muslims

A

• Communicated the Quran to prophets • Called the prophets to serve Allah • Ensures that Allah has all the facts on Judgement Day • Ensures that heaven is safe from evil

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56
Q

SOA for the purpose of Malaikah

A

They exalt him night and day and do not slacken (Quran 21:20)

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57
Q

Qualities of Malaikah in Islam

A

•Made from light • Have no free will • Limitless • Invisible

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58
Q

Characteristics of the Angel Jibril in Islam

A

• Chief of the angels • Known as the Angel of Revelation (communicates Allah’s messages to prophets)

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59
Q

Characteristics of the Angel Izra’il in Islam

A

• Angel of Death • Responsible for taking the souls of humans when they die

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60
Q

Characteristics of the Angel Mika’il in Islam

A

• Angel of mercy • Oversees the provisions of life • In charge of rain and the weather

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61
Q

Akhirah meaning

A

Life after death

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62
Q

Process of Akhirah in Islam

A

• A person dies • Their soul is taken by Izra’il the angel of death • Two angels question the soul • The soul enters Barzakh until Judgement Day

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63
Q

Barzakh meaning

A

A place where Muslims believe the soul goes until the Day of Judgement

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64
Q

What do Muslims believe will happen on Judgement Day?

A

• Angel Israfil will blow a trumpet to signify the end of the world and a 2nd time to restore the world • All will be resurrected to face judgement • Allah will separate the good from the bad • All will cross the Sirat Bridge

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65
Q

Description of the Sirat Bridge in the Hadith

A

‘As thin as a hair but as sharp as a sword‘ (Hadith)

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66
Q

What the Quran says about Jannah

A

It’s a ‘garden beneath which rivers flow’ and people will be ‘adorned with bracelets of gold and pearl’ (Quran 22:23)

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67
Q

What the Quran says about Jahannam

A

It’s the place of ‘scorching winds and scalding water’ (Quran 56 : 42-43 shortened)

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68
Q

Muslim beliefs about hell

A

Some believe people will stay there forever ; others believe it’s only temporary so that peoples sins are punished

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69
Q

Importance of Akhirah for Muslims

A

• They would be mindful of their actions (Greater Jihad) • Submit themselves to Allah • Giving to charity • Fast and pray

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70
Q

SOA for Judgement Day in Islam

A

‘Those who have worked righteous deeds shall be made happy’ however ‘those who have rejected the faith shall be brought to punishment’ (Surah 30:14-16 shortened)

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71
Q

Tawhid (Characteristics of Allah) in Islam

A

Oneness of Allah • Belief that Allah is unique and without any partner • Associating Allah with partners is shirk (the worst sin in Islam)

72
Q

Nature of Allah

A

•Tawhid •all-loving •all-just (Adalat) • all merciful • all powerful

73
Q

Importance of Allah’s characteristics for Muslims

A

• Muslims believe it’s impossible to visualise Allah as he’s not a physical being (forbidden to attempt drawing Allah) • Qualities inspire Muslims to be the same • helps Muslims establish a close relationship with Allah

74
Q

Importance of al - Qadr for Muslims

A

• Muslims believe their fate has already been decided by Allah • Allah gives people a free will while knowing what they will do • It’s one of the 6 beliefs

75
Q

What times of the day do Muslims practice Salah?

A

Fajr (dawn) • Zuhr (afternoon) • As’r (evening) • Maghrib (dusk) • Isha (night)

76
Q

How do Muslims prepare for Salah?

A

Removing their shoes and performing wudu

77
Q

Hadith meaning

A

Sayings of the prophet Muhammad

78
Q

Shari’ah Law meaning

A

Law based on the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad

79
Q

Why are the Ten Obligatory Acts important for Shia Muslims?

A

Shias view them as branches of tree that flourishes and enables them to:
• connect with Allah
• purify their hearts
• promote a better society
• Improve their chances of getting to paradise
• and is considered most important duties for Shias

80
Q

Why are the Ten Obligatory Acts important for Sunni Muslims?

A

• Sunnis perform all except for Khums • Five of the acts are recognised as the Five Pillars

81
Q

Whats the Ten Obligation Acts based on?

A

The Qur’an, the Hadith, work of early Shia scholars

82
Q

SOA for the basis of the Ten Obligatory Acts

A

’The believers order what is right and forbid what is wrong’ (Surah 9:71 shortened) • Links to amr bil ma’roof and nahi anil munkar

83
Q

Caliphate meaning

A

Religious and political role of the caliphs • Accepted by Sunnis and Shias

84
Q

Imamah meaning

A

Allah given leadership

85
Q

Beliefs about Adalat

A

• Allah is just • deals with everyone based on their lives • Muslims should demonstrate fairness in everything they do

86
Q

Nubuwwah meaning

A

Belief in prophethood

87
Q

Impact of 6 articles of faith on Sunni Muslims

A

• Recognising Allah as creator encourages Muslims to be thankful
• Muslims study the books of Allah to improve their knowledge of religious teachings
• Muslims end the prayers by blessing the angels with peace (turning to the left and right acknowledging angels are on their shoulders)

88
Q

Shia Muslims beliefs about Al-Qadr

A

Allah can change a person’s destiny depending on their actions

89
Q

Sunni beliefs about Al Qadr

A

A person’s destiny is set and known by Allah • People still have free will but Allah already knows what choices will be made

90
Q

Impact of al Qadr on Muslims

A

• Belief in al - Qadr helps Muslims to trust Allah is in control of everything
• Reminds Muslims that they must answer for everything they have done here during Judgement Day
• Helps Muslims to be responsible

91
Q

SOA for Al Qadr

A

The Hadith supports the idea that a person’s destiny is set by Allah

92
Q

Meaning of justice

A

• Rewarding the good and punishing the bad
• Making sure what is right happens in society

93
Q

What does the Qur’an say about justice?

A

God commands justice, the doing of good.. and He forbids all shameful deeds and injustice (Surah 16:90)

94
Q

Adverse Childhood Experiences

A

• Used to refer to negative experiences that are potentially traumatic eg neglect
• Increases a child’s risk of chronic health problems, mental illness and substance use in adulthood

95
Q

Laws meaning

A

Rules made by parliament and enforceable by court

96
Q

Acquisitive crime

A

Acquiring someone else’s property eg stealing

97
Q

Aims of punishment

A

• Rehabilitation
• Deterrence
• Protection
• Retribution

98
Q

Muslim community known as what in Islam?

99
Q

Causes of crime

A

• Poverty
• Upbringing
• Drugs
• Low self-esteem

100
Q

Why is justice important for Muslims?

A

• The Qur’an describes Allah as Just. Four of the 99 names of Allah are the Judge, the Utterly Just, the Truth and the Equitable. Justice is therefore of high importance to Muslims

• Muslims believe that its a part of their role as khalifas of God’s creation to act justly to others and ensure that the world is governed in a fair way.

• Many hadith shows Muhammad as someone who is just and he also encourages Muslims to treat everyone justly and equally

• Muslims believe that on the Last Day, good will be rewarded and the evil will be punished.

101
Q

Non-religious attitudes to justice

A

• The justice system (police, courts and prisons) makes sure laws are obeyed and enforced.

• The weak are protected from the strong (laws are put in place for stealing, murder, rape and other crimes)

• Citizens are protected. Without laws and justice, it would be impossible for the country to run well

102
Q

Rehabilitation

A

When someone’s life is restored to normal by having them change

103
Q

Deterrence

A

Putting people off from committing a crime

104
Q

Protection

A

Protecting society from criminals (putting them in prison)

105
Q

Retribution

A

Making criminals pay for what they’ve done wrong

106
Q

How does poverty lead people to commit crime?

A

• People convicted of shoplifting food tend to be stealing it to feed themselves and their family as they cant afford to look after themselves

107
Q

How does upbringing lead people to commit crime?

A

• Family background of crime and how someone is brought up can have a significant impact on their behaviour growing up

• Eg In a survey done of the prison population in 2011, 37% of prisoners reported having family members who had been punished for crime

108
Q

How does drug use lead people to commit crime?

A

• An addiction to it can negatively affect someone’s behaviour

• Research has proven that many acquisitive crime is committed by users of heroine and crack cocaine trying to pay for their drugs

109
Q

How does a low self esteem lead people to commit crime?

A

• Can contribute to a negative outlook on life so the person may look for ways to be happy potentially illegally
• Eg stealing, smoking, alcohol

110
Q

Muslim attitudes to poverty

A

• Islam bans the use of interest, which is believed to make the poverty of many poor people worse

• Muslims give zakat (2.5% compulsory tax on income) to provide for poor Muslims

• Encouraged to support charities eg Muslim Aid or community food banks

111
Q

Muslim attitudes to upbringing

A

•Muslim parents are expected to teach their children what is right from wrong and train them in the right way.

• It is believed that on the Last Day Muslim parents will be judged by Allah on how well they have brought up their children

• Children are introduced to the faith through observing Salah and Ramadan at home

• Counselling therapies are recommended

112
Q

Muslim attitudes to drugs and alcohol

A

• The Quran prohibits the use of alcohol and drugs (haram)

• It teaches that intoxicants are a means by which Satan keeps people from Allah

113
Q

Muslim attitudes to low self esteem

A

• Muslims acknowledge they are khalifas (Allah’s stewards) and are tasked with looking after the world under Allah’s guidance
• This prevents low self esteem

• Muslims are also aware that their actions are monitored by Allah and if they’re immoral they will be punished
• This prevents overconfidence and arrogance

114
Q

Halal meaning

A

Something that is permitted
Eg animals killed in a respectful way

115
Q

Fard meaning

A

Actions which must be performed to be a good person
Eg praying 5 times a day or following 5 pillars

116
Q

Mandub meaning

A

Actions that are rewarded but aren’t compulsory
Eg extra prayers

117
Q

Mubah meaning

A

Actions that are permitted because they aren’t stated in the Quran
Eg watching TV, playing games

118
Q

Attitudes to punishment in the Uk

A

• House arrest (confined to home)
• Community service
• Fines
• Imprisonment
• Tagging (tracking device during house arrest or probation)
• Rehab (helping a person change for good)
• Probation (permission to stay in community under certain conditions)

119
Q

Muslim answer for the inconsistent triad

A

• Life is a period of testing and exposes someone’s belief in Islam
• Those who obey and endure through trials will be rewarded on Judgement Day
• Helping people who are suffering (Zakat) is part of being a khalifah hence why it’s one of the 5 pillars
• Allah is far greater than any human and the way he works can’t be comprehended

120
Q

Haram

A

Evil actions

121
Q

Hadd

A

Punishments found in the Quran

122
Q

Shirk

A

Saying that Allah has partners/equivalents

123
Q

Salafi

A

Group that follow story punishments in Islam

124
Q

ASBO meaning

A

Anti social behaviour order
Eg smashing windows or graffiti

125
Q

What does the Quran say about punishment?

A

As to the thief, cut off their hands: a punishment by way of example, from God, for their crime (Surah 5:41)

126
Q

What are the 6 hadd crimes?

A

• Theft
• Adultery
• Making unproven accusations of sex
• Drinking alcohol (punishable by 80 lashes)
• Apostasy (rejecting Islam) (punishable by death)
• Highway robbery (punishable by death)

127
Q

How does the Muslims Chaplains Association help prevent crime?

A

• They provide rehabilitation for offenders by:
• Supporting Muslim chaplains who work in prisons to lead worship and provide pastoral care
• Assist with a prisoners resettlement upon release

128
Q

How does mosaic help prevent crime?

A

They provide a mentoring program mainly for Muslim prisoners to prepare them for outside life

129
Q

What theory is a non- religious person’s attitude to evil and suffering?

A

The inconsistent triad

130
Q

Muslim teachings about the nature of good and evil

A

• People are born with a fitrah (nature) that is pure
• People have free will
• Things aren’t good or bad in themselves but how they’re used matters
• People have a limited understanding of morality and are likely to make mistakes
• Good actions are rewarded and bad are punished

131
Q

Divergent Muslim views on why people suffer

A

• Some argue that people have been given understanding to follow the right path set by the prophets
• Not putting their knowledge and free will to good use will result in suffering

• Others believe Allah is responsible for some suffering because he puts a ‘disease’ into sinners’ hearts for continued disobedience

132
Q

Capital punishment meaning

A

The death penalty for a crime

133
Q

Muslim attitudes to punishment

A

• Muslim countries tend to use imprisonment to protect society from anti social criminals
• Criminals are also able to pay compensation to the victim/family

• The Quran sets down punishments and must be followed since it’s the word of Allah
• Peace is one of the meanings of Islam and crime only disrupts it so punishment is important

134
Q

Why are punishments needed in society?

A

• Shows that crimes are unacceptable as they’re against the law
• Shows that justice has been done
• Keeps society safe from criminals
• Acts as a deterrent
• Gives criminals opportunity to reform

135
Q

Utilitarianism definition

A

Theory stating that moral decisions should be based on what is best for the greatest number of people

136
Q

Divergent Muslim attitudes to treatment of criminals

A

• Vast majority of Muslims believe torture is completely against the teachings of Prophet Muhammad
• Therefore utilitarianism is rejected

• Criminals should receive a fair trial and serious crimes should be held before a jury
• Surah 76:8 mentions that captives should be taken good care of (not torture)

• Some Muslim countries however adopted a Shariah legal system and crimes against Allah’s law are persecuted

137
Q

Muslim attitude towards human rights

A

• Muslims agree with the majority of principles with a few exceptions eg:
• Rights protecting gay people
• Freedom of religion
• Freedom of speech
• Women’s rights

Reason:
• Freedom of speech may lead to blasphemy
• Rights for gay people are prohibited in the Quran
• Gender equality may lead to issues in the mosque

138
Q

Restorative justice meaning

A

Rehabilitation of an offender through reconciliation with the victim and the community

139
Q

Muslim beliefs about forgiveness

A

• Allah is merciful and always shows compassion

• Most chapters of Quran begin with the bismillah

• The Quran teaches that Muslims should always forgive everyone

• Prophet Muhammad forgave his persecutors and is a role model in the Hadith to emulate

• Those who forgive others will be rewarded by Allah

140
Q

What is the bismillah?

A

‘In the name of God the Merciful, the compassionate’

141
Q

SOA about forgiveness in Islam

A

‘If you pardon and overlook and forgive - then indeed, God is forgiving and merciful’ (Surah 64:14)

142
Q

Importance of restorative justice for Muslims

A

• Muslims believe it’s the most effective way of restoring peace
• Criminals who haven’t faced their crime will be at a disadvantage on Judgement Day as they haven’t truly repented

143
Q

Divergent teachings about capital punishment

A

• It’s a punishment set down by Allah in the Quran
• Shariah says that capital punishment is the punishment for murder, adultery and apostasy
• Qisas should be carried out as it promotes justice

• However some Muslims believe the Quran gives a different punishment for adultery
• Therefore the Hadith should be rejected as it’s not supported by the Quran (highest authority)
• Capital punishment is not compulsory and the Quran prefers believers to forgive just like Allah is merciful

144
Q

Humanist attitudes to capital punishment

A

Humanists reject it as:

• It’s not completely certain the correct verdict is given
• It doesn’t achieve the purpose of a deterrent (as countries without it have a lower murder rate)
• No one has the right to take a life

145
Q

Qisas meaning

A

Law of retaliation

146
Q

Atheist attitudes to capital punishment

A

Some atheists reject it however some accept capital punishment as:

• It acts as a deterrent
• Murderers are a great threat to society so should be taken away for protection (Utalitarianism)
• Retribution for taking a life should be to have your life taken

147
Q

Importance of prayer/ Salah in Islam

A

• One of the Pillars of Islam
• It brings the ummah together especially during Jummah prayer at mosque
• Encourages self discipline and keeps Muslims close to Allah
• Prophet Muhammad stated that attending Friday prayers is equivalent to an entire year of praying and fasting

148
Q

Niyyah meaning

A

When Muslims put themselves in the right mindset for prayer

149
Q

What is a qiblah used for?

A

It shows the direction of Mecca

150
Q

Differences in prayer between Shias and Sunnis

A

• Shias have more freedom to combine prayers and may only pray 3 times a day
• Shias often use natural elements to rest their head on when praying whereas Sunnis bow to the ground

151
Q

What are the Ten Obligatory Acts?

A

• Salah
• Sawm
• Hajj
• Zakah
• Khums
• Jihad
• Amr bil amr roof
• Nahi anil munkar
• Tawalla
• Tabarra

152
Q

SOAs for performing Salah

A

Quran says:
• ‘I respond to those who call Me, so let them respond to Me’
• ‘Keep up regular prayer, for prayer is obligatory’

153
Q

When is Laylat al Qadr celebrated?

A

The 27th night of Ramadan

154
Q

What topics can you link with fasting for a D question?

A

• Sawm/Ramadan
• Laylat al Qadr
• Eid al fitr

155
Q

SOAs for Sawm

A

• ‘Fasting is prescribed to you’ (compulsory)
• ‘glorify Him for having guided you, so that you may be thankful’ (gratitude)
- Quran

156
Q

SOA for the death penalty

A

‘Fair retribution saves life for you’ - Quran

157
Q

SOA for showing mercy towards a crime

A

‘Do not kill each other, for God is merciful to you’ - Quran

158
Q

SOAs for Zakah

A

• ‘Whatever you give me in charity will earn multiple rewards’ - Quran

• ‘He who eats and drinks while his brother goes hungry is not one of us’ - Hadith

159
Q

Nisab meaning

A

The income required to give Zakah

160
Q

Why is Mecca important for Muslims?

A

Prophet Muhammad was born here

161
Q

What does the Ka’bah represent?

A

Tawhid/ Unity as all Muslims pray towards it

162
Q

Why do all wear white cloth when going on Hajj?

A

• Known as Ihram
• Unites the Ummah as equals before Allah
• Symbol of purity

163
Q

How many times do Muslims walk around the Ka’bah?

A

7 times anti clockwise

164
Q

Why do pilgrims throw stones at walls in Mina?

A

As a form of rejection to sin and evil

165
Q

Arguments for going on a pilgrimage

A

• Duty for all Muslims
• Means sins are forgiven
• Able to witness God’s miracles
• One of 5 pillars
• Involves sacrifice and supports lesser Jihad
• Eid al Adha (a festival all Muslims celbrate) is celebrated at the end of Hajj

166
Q

SOAs for going on Hajj

A

• ‘Pilgrimage to the house is a duty owed to God’
• ‘ Purify my house for those who walk around it’ - Quran

167
Q

Arguments against going on Hajj

A

• Expensive as many can’t afford it
(counter argument is donations through Zakah/Sadaqah funds people’s trips)
• Luxury hotels are destroying historical places
• Idolatry

168
Q

Lesser Jihad

A

Outward struggle to be a good Muslim

169
Q

Lesser Jihad example

170
Q

Conditions for lesser Jihad

A

• Animals/babies/women cannot be killed
• Must achieve peace
• Last resort
• No destruction to holy places

171
Q

SOA for lesser Jihad

A

• ‘Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you’ - Quran

172
Q

Greater Jihad

A

The inward struggle to be a good Muslim

173
Q

Greater Jihad examples

A

• Following 5 pillars
• Avoiding haram substances
• Learning the Quran by heart

174
Q

SOAs for Greater Jihad

A

• ‘and striven for God’s cause, it is they who can look forward to God’s mercy’
• ‘refrain from wrongdoing’ - Quran

175
Q

Sadaqah

A

When Muslims are encouraged to voluntarily give their time and money

GCSEs (21 decks)

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