English Macbeth Flashcards

1
Q

Who was named prince of Cumberland and what was Macbeth’s reaction?

A

• Malcolm
• Macbeth begins to plot KD’s death out of envy and ambition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who was executed for treason?

A

Macdonwald

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When was Macbeth written?

A

1606

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chiasmus definition

A

Paradoxical language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is sleep a motif of and how is it significant?

A

Lack of peace of mind/Gulit
• Macbeth and Lady M struggle to sleep highlighting their guilt and disturbed conscience

Innocence
• Sleep connotes with a lack of awareness
• When Macbeth murders sleep his innocence and purity has been destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are children a motif of ?

A

Succession and legacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Megalomaniac meaning

A

A person with an obsessive desire for power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is Macbeth still relevant today?

A

• The influence of ambition within many leaders still ignites political corruption and exploitation

• Discrimination against women still exists eg wage gap and sexual abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did the Jacobean English perceive the Scottish as?

A

Brutish and barbaric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Regicide was known as

A

The worst sin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did Macbeth’s murder of King Duncan represent in real life?

A

Guy Fawkes’ attempt to kill King James (Gunpowder plot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did King James I approve of in his book ‘Demonology’?

A

The practice of witch-hunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is a cyclical structure used in Macbeth?

A

• Previous Thane of Cawdor (MacDonwald) betrayed Scotland (by joining forces with Norway)
• Macbeth betrays King Duncan (by killing him)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Proto feminism meaning

A

When women are presented differently to what they usually are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Soliloquy meaning

A

When a character speaks alone about their thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aside meaning

A

When a character speaks to the audience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the dagger symbolise in Macbeth’s hallucination?

A

• His driving ambition to kill the king
• Foreshadowing of bloodshed is also emblematic of his guilt

• His vision of the dagger could also be a supernatural force that influences Macbeth to kill
•This intensifies battle between fate and free will

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Catharsis

A

Emotional release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why do Donalbain (KD son) and Malcom flee Scotland?

A

They are worried about their safety after the king’s death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Equivocate meaning

A

Using unclear / ambiguous language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How is the porter presented in Macbeth?

A

He provides comic relief breaking tension in the play through his use of sexual innuendo and his relatability to audience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pathetic fallacy in Macbeth

A

• The play begins with ’thunder and lightning’ (Act 1)
• Used to welcome the witches as they arrive creating a tone of unease among audience
• Foreshadows how they’ll bring disruption and chaos

• Lennox says, ‘The night has been unruly’ (Act 2)
• Denotes that a storm has occurred
• Reflects how the natural order is chaos after the Divine right of kings has been broken
• Mirrors the inner turmoil within characters (especially Macbeth)
• Highlights consequences of defying natural order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who did King James believe he was a descendant of?

A

Banquo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Omen meaning

A

An event taken as a sign of the future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is ‘the Great Chain of Being’ and how was it broken?

A

• Hierarchal system from the peasants to God at top
• Macbeth commits regicide to break it which brought about chaos mentally and in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What becomes of Lady Macbeth at the end of the play?

A

• She sleepwalks and washes her hands in obsession, eventually committing suicide
• This demonstrates how guilt and unchecked ambition has consumed her

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Who leads the attack against Macbeth’s castle near the end of the play?

A

Malcom & Macduff

28
Q

What are hands a motif of ?

A

• The guilt that remains
• Stain of blood

29
Q

What does Lady Macbeth have by her side as she sleepwalks and what is its significance? (Act 5)

A

• Lady Macbeth has a candle light by her side
• Denotes her fear of darkness and consciousness of her immorality
• Highlights peripeteia (fortune reversal) and downfall

30
Q

What is Macbeth’s hamartia?

A

His ambition

31
Q

How is Duncan’s blood and skin described by Macbeth upon ‘discovery’ of the king’s body?

A

Macbeth describes Duncan as ‘his silver skin laced with his golden blood’

• This implicates Duncan’s divinity and appointment by God
• Also emphasises how Macbeth isn’t suitable for the throne

32
Q

Who does the Porter imagine is knocking on the castle gates ?

A

• The devil - ‘Who’s there in the name of Beelzebub?’ (Act 2)
• He imagines the Macbeth’s castle to be gates of hell reflecting the moral chaos Macbeth has unleashed

33
Q

Descriptions of Macbeth at the beginning of the play (Act 1)

A

• O valiant cousin! (by Duncan)
• Brandished steel which smoked with bloody execution
• As cannons overcharged with double cracks

34
Q

Descriptions of Macbeth at the end of the play (Act 5)

A

• ‘hell-hound’
• ‘tyrant’ (by himself too)
• ‘dead butcher’ (dehumanised)
by Malcolm and Macduff (A5 S8)

35
Q

Why does Macbeth kill Macduff’s children?

A

Macbeth commits infanticide to try intimidate Macduff

36
Q

How do the witches use equivocation in Macbeth?

A

‘Fair is foul and foul is fair’

• The chiasmus introduces the theme of duplicity
• Establishes a world where moral certainties are blurred
• Equivocate suggests the witches are characters that can’t be trusted
• Audience questions the witches intent

37
Q

Who is Hecate?

A

The goddess of witches who views Macbeth as a ‘wayward son’

38
Q

How did Lady Macbeth contribute to the death of King Duncan?

A

She drugged the guards and smears blood on their faces to frame them

39
Q

What was Macbeth’s reason for killing the king’s guards?

A

• He says his anger was to blame
• Also feigns loyalty to the king when he lies ‘the expedition my violent love outran the pauser’ (A1 S7)
• Stating that his devotion drove him to act impulsively

40
Q

Quotes that demonstrate guilt in the play Macbeth

A

Macbeth:
• ‘a dagger of the mind, a false creation’ (hallucinates before the murder) (A2 S1)
• ‘I could not say Amen’ (A2 S2)
• ‘sleep no more, Macbeth does murder sleep’ (after killing the king) (A2 S2)

Lady Macbeth:
• ‘all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand’ (A5 S1)
• ‘Out, damned spot!’ (sleepwalking) (A5 S1)

41
Q

Quotes that demonstrate ambition in the play Macbeth

A

Macbeth

  • ‘stars hide your fires let not light see my black and deep desires’ (A1 S4) (soliloquy of guilt)
  • ‘Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown’ (A3 S1) (dissatisfaction)
  • ‘We have scorched the snake not killed it’ (A3 S2) (megalomaniacal & paranoia)

Lady Macbeth

  • ‘Too full of the milk of human kindness’ (A1 S5) (emasculate)
  • ‘Look like the innocent flower, but the serpent under it’ (A1 S5) (duplicity)
42
Q

Quotes that demonstrate the supernatural in the play Macbeth

A

Witches - ‘fair is foul and foul is fair’

Banquo - ‘The instruments of darkness tell us truth’

43
Q

Purpose of the supernatural in Macbeth

A

• The witches symbolise moral corruption
• Contribute to the tension between fate and free will
• Engineered to be disliked - majority of Jacobean England were Christian therefore the supernatural would’ve been viewed as evil

• Outward manifestations of characters’ inner turmoil

44
Q

How is Banquo presented?

A

• A loyal and honourable soldier
• Acts as moral compass of the play and a foil to Macbeth
• Skeptical of the witches (’Can the devil speak true?’ Act 1)
• A perceptive character - (understands that Macbeth is rapt from prophecies)
• Used as political propaganda - King James believes he’s a descendant of Banquo

45
Q

Quotes that present anagnorisis

A

Macbeth:
• ‘Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow’
Refers to life as: ‘a walking shadow’ and ‘a tale told by an idiot signifying nothing’ (A5 S5)
• (Futility of life and demoralisation)

46
Q

What is the role of the raven and why is it significant in Macbeth?

A

Lady Macbeth says that a ’raven croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan’ (Act 1)
• Ravens connote with death
• Used as an omen foreshadowing Duncan’s death
• Reveals that evil deeds will take effect as a byproduct of their ambition

47
Q

How is Macduff presented?

A

• Macbeth’s foil
• Symbolises justice, loyalty and patriotism to Scotland
• Heroic figure who restores the Great Chain of Being by killing Macbeth
• Thane of Fife

48
Q

Macbeth’s title before becoming thane of Cawdor

A

Thane of Glamis

49
Q

First round of prophecies given by the witches

A

• Macbeth will be thane of Cawdor
• Macbeth will be king
• Banquos sons will be king

50
Q

Second round of prophecies given by the witches

A

• Beware Macduff
• No man of woman born shall hurt Macbeth
• Macbeth will be vanquished when Birman Wood moved to Dunsinane Hill

51
Q

How does Macduff prove the prophecies true?

A

He beheads Macbeth and was able to kill him because he was untimely ripped from mother’s womb

52
Q

Key messages in Macbeth

A

• Regicide will result in your downfall
• The psychological consequences of wrongdoing are inescapable
• Uncontrolled desires can destroy your moral compass
• Do not trust the supernatural and their manipulative nature
• The pursuit of power is futile

53
Q

Context surrounding Macbeth and Lady Macbeth asking for darkness

A

Lady Macbeth - ‘Come, thick night’
Macbeth - ‘Stars hide your fires’ (A1 S4)

• Both on the stage alone giving a soliloquy
• Both characters are aware of the immorality of their decisions
• Macbeth echoes LM’s words to suggest the close relationship
• Could also signify how Macbeth is currently controlled by LM’s thinking

54
Q

Act 1 summary

A

• Macbeth and Banquo meet the witches who give them prophecies

• Duncan makes Macbeth thane of Cawdor who starts to wonder if the witches’ prophecy about him being king will come true too.

• Macbeth tells lady Macbeth about the prophecy and plans to persuade him to murder Duncan.

• Duncan comes to stay with the Macbeths

• Macbeth is reluctant to kill him but eventually agrees to the plan

55
Q

Summary of Act 2

A

• Macbeth murders King Duncan and Lady Macbeth frames his servants

• Macduff arrives and discovers the King’s body. The kings sons, Malcolm and Donalbain, leave Scotland because they fear for their lives

• Ross and an old man discuss the unnatural things that have been happening

• Macbeth is crowned king

56
Q

Summary of Act 3

A

• Despite Macbeth being king he’s worried by the witches’ prophecy about Banquo’s descendants being kings. He orders some murderers to kill Banquo and his son, Fleance.

• The murderers kill Banquo, but Fleance escapes. Macbeth hosts a feast and sees Banquo’s ghost. He decides to visit the witches again.

• Lennox and a lord suspects Macbeth of murdering Duncan and Banquo. They say that Macduff is getting an army together to attack Macbeth and put Malcom on the throne

57
Q

Summary of Act 4

A

• Macbeth visits the witches again and they summon three apparitions.

• The first warns Macbeth about Macduff, the second tells him that no one born from a woman can harm him and the third tells him that he can’t be beaten until Birnam wood moves to Dunsinane hill.

• The witches also show him Banquo’s ghost and a line of kings who seem to be Banquo’s descendants.

• Macduff has fled to England and Macbeth also sends his murderers to kill Macduff’s wife and children

• In England, Macduff proves his loyalty to Malcolm

58
Q

Summary of Act 5

A

• Lady Macbeth becomes paranoid. She sleepwalks and keeps washing invisible blood from her hands

• Malcolm tells the soldiers to cut down branches from birnam wood and hide behind them as they march towards Macbeths castle.

• Macbeth prepares for battle and finds out that lady Macbeth has killed herself.

• Macbeth and Macduff meet on the battlefield and he finds out that Macduff was born by caesarean
• They fight and Macbeth is killed.

• Malcolm is made king of Scotland

59
Q

What was Lady Macbeth’s reason for not killing King Duncan?

A

He looked too much like her father

60
Q

Key themes in Macbeth

A

• Ambition
• Guilt
• The Supernatural
• Fate vs Free will
• Masculinity

61
Q

Key quotes in Act 1 on ambition

A

Macbeth:
• ‘Stars hide your fires let not light see my black and deep desires’ (soliloquy of guilt)
• ‘I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, only vaulting ambition’
• ‘Supernatural soliciting cannot be good cannot be ill’

Lady Macbeth:
• ‘Too full of the milk of human kindness’ (emasculate)
• ‘Look like the innocent flower, but the serpent under it’ (duplicity)
• ‘Unsex me here’

62
Q

Key quotes in Act 1 on the supernatural

63
Q

Key quotes in Act 3

64
Q

Key quotes in Act 4

65
Q

Key quotes in Act 5