Physics (Paper 2) Flashcards
(SP8/9)
Energy definition
the ability to do work or cause a change
Work done definition
Energy transferred
Equation for work done
Force x Distance
Work done is measured in
Joules
Time is measured in
Seconds
Energy stores/transfers
• GPE
• EPE
• Chemical
• Kinetic
• Nuclear
• Electrostatic
• Magnetic
• Thermal
• Sound
How is force worked out?
Mass x acceleration
Contact force definition
A force that acts between two touching objects
Reaction force definition
The force of an object at rest on a surface
Air resistance definition
the force of an object moving through the air
Upthrust definition
The force of an object floating on water
Non contact force definition
A force acting between 2 objects that do not touch
Examples of contact forces
Upthrust, friction, reaction force
Examples of non contact forces
Gravity, magnetism and electrostatic force
Scalar tells us the…
Magnitude (size) of a force
Vector tells us the…
magnitude and direction of a force
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Equilibrium definition
When forces are balanced or cancel out
Friction definition
Force between 2 surfaces sliding
Resultant force
Overall force acting on an object
(aka net force)
Net force definition
Sum of the forces applied on object (overall force)
Moment definition
Turning force
Moment equation
Force x Distance
Clockwise movement is what compared to anti clockwise movement
Equal
A free body diagram models the
Forces acting on an object
Examples of vectors
• Velocity
• Displacement
• (any force eg friction, weight, normal force)
Moment is calculated in
Newton metres
Equation for Weight
Mass x gravitational field strength (10 N/kg)
Examples of scalar quantities
• Temperature
• Energy
• Speed
• Time
(SP10)
Electrical circuit definition
a closed path where electrons flow in a wire
Series circuit
Only has one pathway or loop
Parallel circuit definition
A circuit in which current can flow through on multiple paths
Diode definition
A component that only allows current to flow in one direction
What is the unit of charge (Q)?
Coulomb (C)
What is the unit of current?
Amperes
What does LDR stand for?
Light Dependent Resistor
What does LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) mean?
Resistor that depends on light intensity. As the light intensity decreases the resistance increases and vice versa
The direction of current flow is from..
the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the power supply
Current meaning
Rate of the flow of charge
Charge =
Current x time
Energy transferred equations
voltage (V) x Charge (Q)
or
Voltage (V) x Current (I) x Time (t)
or
Power (P) x Time (t)
Voltage meaning
Energy transferred per unit charge
(V = E/Q)
What type of circuit are ammeters connected in?
Series
What component can only be connected in a parallel circuit?
Voltmeter