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RS Christianity Flashcards

1
Q

(A) question

A

Outlining 3 facts

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2
Q

Characteristics of God the Son

A

Expresses the love of God through his death on the cross

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3
Q

Characteristics of God the Holy Spirit

A

• Presence of God everywhere in the world
• Strengthens and empowers Christians
• Acts as a comforter and guide

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4
Q

Incarnate definition

A

God in bodily form

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5
Q

What are the 2 interpretations of the Bible

A

Liberal and literal

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6
Q

Literal interpretation of the Bible’s creation account

A

• Creationists believe that the creation account is literally true
• The Bible is the sacred Word of God and should be interpreted how it is
• Any scientific explanations are rejected as there’s no biblical basis

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7
Q

Metaphorical interpretation of the Bible’s creation account

A

• The creation account is a metaphor and not literally true
• It’s a story that helps people understand that God is the creator of all things

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8
Q

Stewardship meaning

A

Taking care of God’s creation

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9
Q

Dominion

A

Having authority over God’s creation

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10
Q

John 1:1 (Oneness of God)

A

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God and the Word was God

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11
Q

John 1:14 (incarnation)

A

The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us

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12
Q

Importance of the incarnation

A

• Jesus reconciled humanity to God
• Shows that God loves the world
• Shows that Jesus can identify with our sufferings after experiencing life on earth
• Jesus is the only one who can provide atonement and salvation
• (Salvation is found in no one else - Romans)

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13
Q

Last Days of Jesus’ Life

A

• Palm Sunday
• Last Supper
• Betrayal
• Arrest
• Trial
• Crucifixion
• Resurrection
• Ascension

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14
Q

Salvation meaning

A

When your soul is removed of sin so you can be made perfect and live with God

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15
Q

Grace meaning

A

God’s unmerited love towards humanity

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16
Q

Atonement

A

Jesus’ death on cross made our souls perfect and sins forgiven

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17
Q

Original Sin

A

Sin inherited from Adam and Eve

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18
Q

Personal sin meaning

A

Sin done through your own actions

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19
Q

Romans 5:8 (omnibenevolence)

A

God demonstrates his love for us in this: while we were still sinners, Christ died for us

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20
Q

Immortality of the soul meaning

A

The idea that a soul lives on after the death of the body

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21
Q

Purgatory definition

A

a waiting room Catholics believe souls after death will go to be purified

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22
Q

Agnostic meaning

A

Someone who is unsure as to whether God exists

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23
Q

Mass/Eucharist definition

A

Celebration of Jesus’ death and resurrection in which the bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ

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24
Q

Features of the Trinity

A

• One God in the form of 3 persons
• Each person is fully God
• Each person is distinct and separate

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25
Q

Beliefs about the incarnation

A

• Jesus was God incarnate living among the people
• Jesus being God incarnate taught people what God was like
• Jesus’ purpose was to restore our relationship with God through his death and resurrection

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26
Q

Significance of Jesus’ death on the cross

A

• Proves of his humanity and was God incarnate
• Restored relationship between humanity and God (atonement)
• Shows how God loves us (Romans 5:8)

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27
Q

Significance of the resurrection

A

• Shows that life after death is possible
• Death can be overcome and Christians are able to have an eternal relationship with God
• (John 3:16)

• Allows our sins to be forgiven (salvation)
• Jesus has reconciled humanity with God (atonement)
• (Acts 16:31)

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28
Q

Divergent Christian views on heaven

A

Some Christians believe it is a physical place and only those who believe in Jesus will be saved whereas others believe it is a spiritual state and and is open to everyone through Jesus’ death

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29
Q

Eschatology definition

A

Study of life after death

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30
Q

Divergent Christian views on purgatory

A

• Catholics believe souls will be purified in purgatory before entering heaven
• Protestants believe purgatory is invented and has no biblical basis

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31
Q

Moral evil

A

Suffering caused by humans
eg murder and theft

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32
Q

Natural evil

A

Suffering caused by natural events eg earthquakes and diseases

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33
Q

Biblical solutions to the problem of evil and suffering

A

• Suffering is a part of life (Job’s faith is tested)
• Christians should put their trust in God (Proverbs 3:5)
• Christians can pray to God for comfort
• All suffering will come to an end (Revelation 21:4)

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34
Q

SOA for a Biblical solution to suffering

A

‘There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain…’
Revelation 21:4

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35
Q

Who is Job?

A

A godly man who suffered great hardship after being challenged by Satan with his faith in God

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36
Q

Theoretical solutions to the problem of evil and suffering

A

• Suffering is the result of free will
• The world is a vale of soul making
• Suffering can help people develop a better character

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37
Q

Source of authority for theoretical solutions to suffering

A

In Genesis 2-3, Adam and Eve brought evil and suffering into the world after disobeying God with their free will

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38
Q

Vale of soul making definition

A

The belief that God created this world to develop our souls

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39
Q

Practical responses to suffering

A

• Christians have a duty to help reduce suffering • Intercession • Compassion • Charity Work

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40
Q

Intercession meaning

A

Praying for God to help those suffering

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41
Q

Source of Authority for practical responses to suffering

A

• New Testament teaches Christians that Jesus regarded suffering as something to be fought
• He did this by healing the sick and feeding the hungry

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42
Q

SOAs for Incarnation and Salvation

A

• John 1:14 • John 3:16 • Acts 16:31 • Romans 5:8

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43
Q

Beliefs about salvation

A

• Jesus’ death and resurrection brought atonement
• Everyone has sinned against God
• Christians are able to enter heaven after: repenting and having faith in Jesus
• (Acts 16:31)

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44
Q

Beliefs about the Trinity in the Nicene Creed

A

• There is only one God
• The Holy Spirit is the giver of life
• Jesus is God incarnate
• Jesus is the Son of God

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45
Q

Marriage meaning
[][][]

A

The legal union of two people in a relationship

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46
Q

SOA for marriage in Christianity

A

A man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh. Mark 10 : 7- 8

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47
Q

Cohabitation

A

A couple living together in a sexual relationship without marriage

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48
Q

Importance of marriage in society

A

• Provides a secure environment for children to grow up in • Provides legal protection for the family • Encourages a stable relationship • Viewed as a civil ceremony

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49
Q

Christian beliefs about marriage

A

• Sanctity of marriage (Marriage is special because it’s a holy gift from God)

• Catholics believe it’s a sacrament

• Requires faithfulness and is a life long relationship

• A covenant before God

• The Church believes it’s ‘central to the stability and health of human society’

• Jesus believed in monogamy

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50
Q

Promiscuity meaning

A

Having multiple sexual relationships

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51
Q

Extramarital sex meaning

A

Having an affair outside your marriage

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52
Q

Premarital sex meaning

A

Sex before marriage

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53
Q

Homosexuality meaning

A

Sexual attraction to people of the same sex

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54
Q

Why are some Christians against cohabitation?

A

• Christianity teaches that sex outside of marriage is wrong (Sex must happen exclusively within marriage - Catholic Church)
• Cohabitation can encourage a casual attitude to marriage
• Increases the likelihood of breaking up

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55
Q

Purposes of sex

A

• Unitive (brings a couple together) • Marital (Marriage is consummated by sex) • Procreative (to be open to produce children) • God ask Christians to ‘go forth and multiply’ in Genesis

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56
Q

Christian beliefs regarding sex

A

• It should be between a man and woman (Mark‬ ‭10:7-8)
• Conservatives believe sex first requires the commitment of marriage
• Adultery is wrong and is forbidden by the Ten Commandments
• Adultery breaks the covenant before God

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57
Q

Conservative Christian views towards homosexuality

A

Catholics believe:
• Sex should be between a man and woman
• Homosexuality is not a sin but homosexual sexual relationships are sinful

Evangelical Protestants believe:
• Homosexuality is a sin
• However the salvation of Christ can remove all sins, including homosexuality

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58
Q

How has attitudes to marriage and family changed over the years?

A

More people are likely to:
• Have premarital sex
• Be promiscuous
• Cohabit
• Use contraception
• Not be in a nuclear family

• This could be due to economic pressures or society becoming more accepting of autonomy (Independence) - of people to choose their partner)
• Single parent families have increased as divorces have increased

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59
Q

Contraception meaning

A

Method that prevents conception during sex

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60
Q

Christian views against contraception

A

• Catholics believe birth control is not God’s intention and it goes against the procreative purpose of sex
• (Sex should have the possibility of creating new life - Humanae Vitae)

• Some contraceptives have abortifacient effects which are against Church teachings and can be considered blasphemous

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61
Q

Catholic views towards divorce

A

• They do not allow a divorce unless the marriage is annulled, not consummated or if the partner has died
• Catholics who remarry may be refused communion
• Covenant before God and lifelong relationship shouldn’t be broken by earthly power
• Jesus taught divorce and remarriage is adultery and therefore is a sin
• Alternatives like counselling and therapy should be considered

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62
Q

Non - Catholic views towards divorce

A

• Divorce is allowed
• Christians are allowed forgiveness and a new chance at marriage if they’re repentant

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63
Q

Atheist and humanist attitudes towards divorce (& Situation Ethics)

A

• They believe couples should have the right to divorce and also remarry
• It ensures that children are well provided for
• Brings domestic peace
• Ends a child’s exposure to potential parental conflict
• Gives a chance for a fresh start and new relationships

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64
Q

Nuclear family

A

A mother, father and their children

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65
Q

Disadvantages of divorce

A

• Expensive process • Can hurt children as they’re forced to choose between their parents

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66
Q

Divorce meaning

A

Legal ending of a marriage

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67
Q

Annulment

A

A declaration by the Church that a marriage wasn’t a true marriage

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68
Q

SOAs for men and women in the family

A

• Genesis 1 says that men and women are created in the image of God (and therefore are equal)
• Ephesians 5 says a wife should submit to their husband and a husband should love his wife (so they have different roles)
• Genesis 2 says man was created first with the woman being created as a helper (so men are superior)

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69
Q

Christian views on gender roles in the family

A

Conservative Christians (eg Catholics & Evangelical Protestants) teach that it’s the mother’s role to look after the children while the father’s role is work • Liberal Christians (eg Liberal Protestants) accept that men and women are equal therefore it’s not necessary to have a head of family

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70
Q

Why is the family important to Christians?

A

• Jesus loves children
(Let the little children come to me, for the kingdom of heaven belongs to them - Matthew 19:14)

• Children are a gift from God and should be brought up in a loving environment

• Children are introduced to the faith through baptism and Sunday school
(bring them up in the training and instruction of the Lord - Ephesians 6:4)

• Children have a duty to look after parents and to honour them (10 commandments)

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71
Q

Sacrament meaning

A

An outward sign of an inward blessing

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72
Q

Monogamy

A

Marriage to one person at a time

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73
Q

SOA regarding sex outside of marriage

A

1 Corinthians 6 :18 - Run from sexual sin. For sexual immorality is a sin against your own body

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74
Q

Christian views for contraception

A

Protestants allow contraception as nothing in the Bible forbids it
• Prevents the risk of getting infections
• Sex was created for enjoyment and cements bonds of marriage

75
Q

Humanist/ Atheist attitudes to sex

A

• It can happen pre-maritally
• Requires consent
• Contraceptives can be used for safety
• Accepts same sex relationships

76
Q

Liberal Christian views towards homosexuality

A

Protestants believe:
• We are to love our neighbour as ourselves including homosexuals (Mark 12)
• We are all created in God’s image so they should be accepted (Genesis 1)
• Some Protestants (eg Quakers) celebrate same sex marriages in their churches and allow homosexuals to be church leaders

77
Q

Atheist/Humanist attitudes to homosexuality

A

• Individual liberty and the right to love whoever you want is important
• It’s accepted as long as no harm is caused

78
Q

SOA against divorce

A

Matthew 19:9 - whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery

79
Q

Conservative Christian views on gender roles in the Church

A

Catholicism teaches that:
• Only men can be priests as they represent Jesus
• Priests are successors of the apostles and they were all men

Evangelical Protestants believe:
• Women cannot speak in Church
• Eve was led astray by Satan so women might be unworthy of speaking
• Only men can be Church leaders

80
Q

SOAs regarding gender prejudice

A

• You are all one in Christ Jesus (Galatians 3:28)
Therefore Jesus’ resurrection has removed inequality

• God doesn’t show favouritism (Romans 2:11)
Therefore we are equal

• The first person to spread the news of Jesus’ resurrection was a woman (Mary) in the gospel

81
Q

Liberal Christian views on gender roles in the Church

A

Liberal Protestants believe:
• Men and women have equal roles in religion
• Women can be church leaders
• Jesus treated men and women equally

82
Q

Difference between gender discrimination and prejudice

A

Gender prejudice is a judgement made about someone based on their gender • Discrimination is acting on prejudice

83
Q

Celibacy

A

Not having sex

84
Q

Purpose of local parishes

A

• Hold baptisms
• Sunday schools
• Youth groups
• Family counselling
• Food-bank donations

85
Q

Parish meaning

A

An area around a local church

86
Q

SOA against homosexuality

A

Leviticus 18 - You are not to sleep with a man as with a woman; it is detestable

87
Q

SOA for divorce

A

Luke 6:36 Be merciful just as your Father is merciful

88
Q

Five main family types in society today

A

• Nuclear family
• Same sex family
• Extended family
• Single parent family
• Blended family

89
Q

Describe what a blended family is

A

Parents with children from previous relationships

90
Q

Types of contraception

A

Artificial:
Condoms • Diaphragms • Injections • ‘Morning after pills’ that prevent ovulation

Natural:
• Rhythm (planning sex around a woman’s most fertile times to reduce pregnancy)
• Pull out method

91
Q

Situation ethics meaning

A

The Christian belief in ‘loving thy neighbour’ and basing the situation on whether it’s the most loving thing to do

92
Q

How does situation ethics promote the use of contraception?

A

• Improves the health of the woman
• Reduces the need for unsafe abortions
• Protects against STIs

93
Q

How has Christianity opposed gender prejudice and discrimination?

A

• The Church of England has given people the option to drop the word ‘obey’ from marriage vows • Church of England has begun to ordain woman as priests • Jesus treated men and women equally

94
Q

[][][] Characteristics of God the Father

A

• Omnipotent (all-powerful)
• Omnipresent (all-present)
• Omniscient (all-knowing)
• Omnibenvevolent (all-loving)
• Just
• Transcendent (exists outside of time and universe)

95
Q

Christian beliefs about God’s omnipotence

A

• God created the world out of nothing (no human is able to do that)
• God the Son overcame death and defied natural law

• God created the heavens and the earth Genesis (1:1)

96
Q

Christian beliefs about God’s omnibenevolence

A

• God created us in His image and a world for us to steward
• God gave up His only son to make atonement and bring salvation

• God saw all that he made, and it was very good (Genesis 1:31)

97
Q

Christian beliefs about God’s omniscience

A

• The Holy Spirt is everywhere and so knows everything that happens
• God already knows our fate but he gives us free will

• All the days ordained for me were written in your book before one of them came to be (Psalm 139:16)

98
Q

Christian beliefs about creation

A

• God created Adam from dust
• God created the world in 6 days then rested on the 7th
• God created the heavens and the earth on the 1st day
• God created the sun, moon and stars on the 4th day

99
Q

Importance of the creation

A

• Humans are special because they’re made in the image of God
• Allows us to have a personal relationship with God

• God gave humans the responsibility of looking after the world on his behalf
• The belief in stewardship means we should protect the environment

• Work in the garden and take care of it (Genesis 2:15)

100
Q

What happened during the Last Supper? (Luke 22)

A

• Day before Jesus’ death
• Jesus washed his disciples’ feet
• Mentioned that the Holy Spirit will come down and guide the disciples
• Shared the bread as his body and the wine as his blood

101
Q

Significance of the Last Supper

A

• Christians remember the Last Supper when they partake in the Eucharist (Holy Communion)
• Jesus washing the disciples feet teaches Christians to have humility and serve others

102
Q

What happened during Jesus’ betrayal, arrest and trial?

A

• Jesus and disciples go to spend the night in the garden of Gethsemane

• Judas Iscariot comes and arrests Jesus

• Jesus is taken before the authorities and is found guilty of blasphemy claiming to be the son of God

• Roman governor Pontius Pilate sentences Jesus to death despite believing innocence

103
Q

Transubstantiation meaning

A

Catholic belief that the bread and wine are physically changed into the body and blood of Christ

104
Q

Divergent Christian views on resurrected bodies

A

• Some Christians believe resurrection is both spiritual and physical
• After people die their physical bodies are raised to life again and transformed into new spiritual bodies

• Others believe resurrection is just spiritual
• After someone dies their soul is resurrected and goes on forever

105
Q

Argument of the inconsistent Triad

A

• God is omnibenevolent so should want to remove evil
• God is omnipotent so should be able to remove evil
• Yet evil and suffering still exists which poses the theory that God cannot exist

106
Q

[][][]
Purposes of prayer

A

• Adoration (Adoring God for who He is)

• Confession (Confessing your sins to God and asking for forgiveness)

• Thanksgiving (Appreciating God for his goodness)

• Supplication (Asking for God’s help for yourself or to intercede for others)

107
Q

Where can the Lord’s Prayer be found in the Bible?

A

Matthew 6

108
Q

Liturgical worship

A

Set form of worship that is usually done publicly

109
Q

Non liturgical worship

A

Type of worship that doesn’t follow a set structure and emphasises following the Spirit

110
Q

Importance of the sacraments for Conservative Christians (ie Catholics)

A

• Christians receive grace and blessing from God through them
• They mark the journey of faith that Christians go through in life
• They make Christians stronger in their faith
• They bring Christians closer to God

111
Q

What are the 7 sacraments?

A

• Baptism
• Confirmation
• The Eucharist
• Marriage
• Taking holy orders
• Reconciliation
• Anointing the sick

112
Q

What 2 sacraments do liberal Christians have and why?

A

• Baptism and the Eucharist
• They were the only 2 that were demanded by Jesus in the Bible

• ‘Believe and be baptised’
• ‘Do this in remembrance of me’

113
Q

Penance meaning

A

Showing sorrow for a sin

114
Q

Baptism meaning

A

Washing away the old life and entering a new one, free of sin

115
Q

Importance of baptism for Catholics

A

• It’s seen as necessary for the person to receive salvation
• The person is able to become a member of the Church
• It washes away Original Sin
• Copies Jesus’ example

116
Q

Importance of baptism for Baptists

A

• Signifies the end of a person’s old life and now being born again into new life with Christ
• Moment when they receive the Holy Spirit for service to God
• Moment when they make a personal commitment of faith in Jesus as Lord

117
Q

Importance of the Eucharist in the Catholic Church

A

• Weekly gift of grace that gives Catholics strength for coming week

• Celebrates Jesus’ resurrection

• Bread and wine is turned into the body and blood of Christ (Transubstantiation)

118
Q

Characteristics of liturgical worship and their importance

A

• There is a worldwide set order of service that is familiar to all
• Formal and led by a priest
• Set rules you must follow

• The people receive forgiveness from God through the priest
• The people receive the living presence of Jesus during Holy Communion
• Creates a sense of unity

119
Q

Characteristics of non-liturgical worship and their importance

A

• Informal
• Preacher may change order of service or types of prayer

• More freedom is offered
• Makes services more engaging

120
Q

SOA that encourages private worship

A

Matthew 6:6 - When you pray go into your room close the door…Then your father, who sees what is done in secret will reward you

121
Q

Denominations which follow liturgical worship

A

Catholic and Anglican Churches

122
Q

Denomination that follow non-liturgical worship

A

Pentecostal Churches

123
Q

What is worship?

A

When believers express their love and devotion to God

124
Q

Importance and examples of worship

A

• It helps Christians become closer to God and it promotes inclusion in the community when done publicly

• Examples include prayer, music, Bible readings, sermons

125
Q

Baptism (7 sacraments)

A

• Shows that a person has become a member of the Church
• After Jesus was resurrected he invited his disciples into the Great Commission (Matthew 28)
• Infant baptism is most common and is done by Catholic and Anglican Churches
• Baptist and Pentecostal Churches baptise people when they’re old enough to decide

126
Q

What happens during Baptism?

A

• The priest pours water over the child’s head 3 times to show that Trinity has entered their life and sins have been washed
• The candle shows that the child has passed from darkness into God’s light

127
Q

Confirmation (7 sacraments)

A

• When a person chooses to confirm they’re a member of the Church
• Promises made on their behalf during baptism are restated

128
Q

The Eucharist (7 sacraments)

A

• Reminiscent of the Last Supper (Jesus’ final meal with disciples)
• Catholic and Orthodox Christians believe the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ showing Jesus is fully present (transubstantiation)
• Other Christians believe they’re just symbols of Jesus’ body and blood to help remember Jesus’ sacrifice

129
Q

Marriage (7 sacraments)

A

• The legal union between a man and a woman
• Covenant before God that they love each other til death

130
Q

Taking holy orders (7 sacraments)

A

When a person becomes a deacon, priest or bishop

131
Q

Reconciliation (7 sacraments)

A

• When a person confesses their sin to a priest and are forgiven by God
• Involves penance where the guilty person is sorry

132
Q

Anointing the sick (7 sacraments)

A

• When a person who is very ill is anointed with holy oil
• The sick person confesses their sins and prays with the priest

133
Q

Divergent Christian views on the sacraments

A

• The Church of England believe sacraments are symbols of God’s love
• Eg baptism symbolises the forgiveness of sins

• The Catholic Church believe sacraments are signs that have an actual effect on a person
• Eg baptism actually washes away sin

134
Q

Characteristics of informal worship and importance

A

• Faith is expressed in a variety of ways eg dancing, clapping and speaking in tongues
• Worshipers feel Holy Spirit’s presence

• Encourages a personal relationship with God as the Holy Spirit guides them
• The style of worship follows that of some early Christians who received the Spirit after Pentecost

135
Q

Characteristics of private worship and its importance

A

• Done individually
• Includes meditation, studying and quiet singing
• Can take place anywhere

• Cultivates an intimate relationship with God

136
Q

Types of worship

A

• Liturgical
• Non - liturgical/ Informal
• Private

137
Q

Pilgrimage meaning

A

A religious journey to a holy place

138
Q

Shrine meaning

A

A place considered holy because of its involvement with a religious event, person or object

139
Q

Relic meaning

A

A part of a dead holy person’s body/belongings

140
Q

Purpose of pilgrimages

A

• Christians feel closer to God
• They understand their faith better
• Show gratitude to God for something special that happened
• Brings spiritual renewal and devotion to God
• Seek a cure for an illness

141
Q

4 examples of pilgrimage destinations

A

• Jerusalem
• Iona
• Walsingham
• Taizé

142
Q

Types of prayer

A

• Set prayer
• Informal prayer

143
Q

What is the Book of Common Prayer?

A

Prayer books used in the Anglican communion

144
Q

Set prayer characteristics and benefits

A

• They’re prayers that have been written down and are usually read/sung eg from the Book of Common Prayer
• Found in Anglican and Catholic Churches

Benefits
• Familiar words are comforting
• The words are authorised by the Church
• Reciting them aloud with others creates a sense of unity

145
Q

Informal prayer and characteristics

A

• They’re prayers made up in the moment with guidance of the Holy Spirit
• Used in evangelical and charismatic churches

Benefits
• Feels like a more personal way of talking with God
• Allows believers to express their personal challenges

146
Q

Characteristics of pilgrimage site Jerusalem

A

• Where most of Jesus’ ministry took place (focus)
• Includes Mount of Olives where Jesus often taught followers
• Includes Via Dolorosa where Jesus carried his cross on way to crucifixion
• Includes empty tomb (Garden tomb)

• Pilgrims visit here to feel closer to God and follow in Jesus’ footsteps
• Improves understanding of the Bible
• Enhances faith

147
Q

Characteristics of the pilgrimage site Iona

A

• Focus is on isolation/prayer
• Island in Scotland where St Columba founded a monastic (monks and nuns) community
• Played important role in spread of Christianity in Scotland
• Relics are found here

148
Q

Characteristics of the pilgrimage site Taizé

A

• Focus is on community

• A small village in France where a monastic community was established

• Community encourages pilgrims to find opportunities for kindness, simplicity and reconciliation

149
Q

Characteristics of the pilgrimage site Walsingham

A

• A village in Norfolk, England that contains a shrine
• A noblewoman shares a vision of the Virgin Mary showing her the house Angel Gabriel told Mary she would be Jesus’ mother
• A copy of the house was miraculously built here

• Place of miracles where prayers get answered (main focus)
• Brings Catholics and Protestants together

150
Q

Key events that happen during Holy Week

A

• Palm Sunday
• Maundy Thursday
• Good Friday
• Holy Saturday
• Easter Sunday

151
Q

What happened during Palm Sunday and how is it remembered ?

A

• Jesus arrived in Jerusalem on a donkey, greeted by crowds
• A prophecy in the Old Testament predicted the Messiah would arrive in this way

• Christians receive small palm crosses and wave palm leaves in some churches

152
Q

What happened during Maundy Thursday and how is it remembered?

A

• Jesus washed his disciples’ feet and they ate the Last Supper together

• Some churches hold a meal reflecting the original Last Supper

153
Q

What happened during Good Friday and how is it remembered?

A

• Jesus was crucified

• Christians take part in re enactments of the events leading up to Jesus’ death

154
Q

What is Easter Sunday and why is it significant ?

A

• Last day of Holy Week
• Celebrates the resurrection of Jesus
• Final part of Jesus’ work on earth
• Shows Jesus is alive through the church

• Celebrated through taking part in Holy Communion

155
Q

What is advent and why is it significant?

A

• Happens from the 1st to 24th of December
• A time of preparation for Christmas
• Christians tend to think about Jesus’ incarnation and focus on his second coming

• A candle is lighted each week as Christians anticipate the light of Jesus through his birth
• Christmas trees are decorated and nativity scenes are also produced during this period

156
Q

What is Christmas and why is important?

A

• Happens on the 25th December
• Remembers Jesus’ birth and celebrates the incarnation
• Christians believe that through Jesus, God gave himself to us to provide atonement

• Reflects on how the power of sin has been removed so we can have a relationship with God
• Celebrated through:
• giving gifts
• family meals
• carol services

157
Q

What is Lent and why is it significant?

A

• Period of 40 days before Easter Sunday beginning on Ash Wednesday
• Time of preparation for Easter
• Time of repentance and humility to God
• Reflects on Jesus being tempted by the devil in the wilderness as he fasted

• Celebrated through Christians giving up what they enjoy

158
Q

Why do Christians have celebrations?

A

To remember and give thanks for the most significant events in their faith

159
Q

Church growth in the Uk

A

• Pentecostal and Evangelical churches are growing
• Overall number is declining

160
Q

Purposes of missionary work

A

• Spread Jesus’ teachings everywhere
• Working among the poor to improve their lives
• Call people to follow Jesus and turn away from sin

161
Q

What does missionary mean?

A

Someone who’s sent to a foreign country to promote Christianity and engage in humanitarian work

162
Q

SOAs that support missionary work & evangelism

A

• ‘Go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation’ (Mark 16:15)

• ‘But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you’ (Acts 1:8)

163
Q

How is missionary work carried out?

A

• Christians show their faith through everyday actions
• Local Churches take part by reaching out to the community eg providing support for those in need
• Involves helping those in need eg through providing education, running medical facilities abroad

164
Q

What is evangelism?

A

Telling people about Jesus and the good news of Christianity

165
Q

Purposes of evangelism

A

• Encourages Christians to tell others about their faith
• Helps Christians to obey the Great Commission
• Brings new Christians to the Church
• Keeps the Christian message alive
• Helps the poor and suffering to have hope

166
Q

Great Commission meaning

A

Jesus instructing disciples to convert the world to Christianity

167
Q

How is evangelism carried out?

A

• Talking about faith in everyday conversations
• Speaking in public places to spread the message to as many as possible
• Handing out materials that inform others about Christianity

168
Q

Criticisms of evangelism and missionary work

A

• Trying to change someone’s beliefs can be disrespectful to their culture
• Missionaries may take advantage of the suffering and only offer help if they agree to listen

169
Q

Parish meaning

A

A community of local believers belonging to a denomination

170
Q

What do local churches do?

A

• Ecumenical work
• Churches organise interfaith events to bring different denominations together through worship

• Prayer
• Churches offer communal prayers asking God to help those in need eg the Church of England offers prayers specifically for refugees

• Justice
• Churches write letters to their MP to work for change
• Eg Cartias Social Action Network encourages Catholics to help the homeless and refugees

• Community events
• Supporting the lonely or elderly eg via Bible study groups or Christmas lunch

• Charity work
• Churches hold fundraisers to raise money for charities

• Outreach work
• Churches open themselves up as community centres bringing people together eg through acting as a foodbank

171
Q

SOAs that support the role of the Church

A

• Be shepherds of God’s flock that is under your care, watching over them (1 Peter 5:2)

• Whoever welcomes one of these little children in my name welcomes me (Mark 9:37)

172
Q

Reconciliation meaning

A

Restoring peace and friendship between parties

173
Q

SOAs that support reconciliation

A

• Love your neighbour as your self (Mark 12:31)

• God who reconciled us to himself.. and gave us the ministry of reconciliation (2 Corinthians 5:18)

174
Q

How does reconciliation impact the Church? (provide example)

A

• Ecumenical movements bring Christians together to pray and seek guidance

• Eg the World Council of Churches pursues reconciliation by:
• campaigning for peace and human rights
• Providing help to those in need

175
Q

How does persecution impact the Church? (provide example)

A

• Christians are persecuted in many countries eg China and North Korea
• around 100,000 Christians die annually because of their faith
• History of violence between Islam and Christianity in Nigeria

• Eg the World Council of Churches aim to work towards peace and support the persecuted

176
Q

Persecution meaning

A

The ill treatment of someone/a group due to religion, politics or ethnicity

177
Q

SOA regarding persecution

A

Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake for theirs is the kingdom of heaven (Matthew 5:10)

178
Q

Charity meaning

A

Helping those in need

179
Q

The parable of the Sheep and Goats

A

• Found in Matthew 25
• The righteous are separated from the unrighteous
• Jesus tells his followers that whenever they give to the poor they are giving to him
• Teaches Christians to treat others with the same respect they have for Jesus

180
Q

Christian Aid

A

• Uk based charity that works with organisations to help those in need
• Founded on principles of justice and love that Jesus often portrayed

181
Q

SOAs supporting charity

A

• If I give all I possess to the poor but do not have love I gain nothing (1 Corinthians 13:3)

• Go and sell everything you have and give it to the poor and you’ll have treasure in heaven (Mark 10:21)

182
Q

Arguments against pilgrimages

A

• Pilgrims may idolise the place itself viewing it as magical
• Not everyone can afford going on pilgrimages

183
Q

What is the Nicene Creed?

A

The original list of beliefs to be a Christian

184
Q

SOAs regarding the trinity

A

• I believe in one God, maker of heaven and earth (Nicene Creed)

• In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the Word was God (John 1:1)

GCSEs (21 decks)

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