Root of the Neck and Prevertebral Muscles Flashcards
what is the anterior boundary of the root of the neck
top of manubrium and superior border of clavicle
what is the posterior boundary of the root of the neck
body of T1 and superior margin of scapula to coracoid process
what is the lateral boundary of the root of the neck
first pair of ribs and costal cartilage
what is the inferior boundary of the neck
superior thoracic aperture and axillary inlets
where does the EJV and AJV terminate
in the root of the neck
where does the IJV drain
it turns laterally and drains either into the EJV or into the subclavian vein
what does the right and left AJV form
they join to form the jugular venous arch across the midline
what is the brachial plexus
major plexus of nerves from the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5-C8 which form 3 trunks and then split into divisions
what is the cervical pleura
the superior continuation of the costal and mediastinal parts of the parietal pleura
what is the suprapleural membrane
a strong fibrous connective tissue that is an extension of the endothoracic fascia
where does the suprapleural membrane attach to
the internal surface of rib 1 and the transverse processes of C7
what does the suprapleural membrane act as
a barrier to prevent changes in intrathoracic pressure drawing upon contents in the neck
what are the 3 branches which come off of the aortic arch
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
what does the brachiocephalic trunk divide into
right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
what is the brachiocephalic trunk covered by
the right sternohyoid and sternothyroid
what does the subclavian artery supply
the upper limbs and some branches into the brain
what are the 3 parts of the subclavian artery
medial, posterior, lateral
what are the 3 parts of the first part of the subclavian artery (the medial part)
vertebral artery, thyrocervical trunk, internal thoracic artery
where does the vertebral artery go?
ascends in the neck to enter foramen transversarium at C6 and ascend to foramen magnum and become basilar artery in the brain
what does the vertebral artery supply
brain and spinal cord
what are the 3 parts of the thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery, transverse cervical artery, suprascapular artery
where does the inferior thyroid artery travel to
thyroid
what does the inferior thyroid artery supply
larynx, trachea, oesophagus, thyroid and parathyroid glands
what are the terminal branches of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
inferior thyroid artery and ascending cervical artery
where does the internal thoracic artery travel to
descends to thoracic cavity to 6th intercostal space
what does the internal thoracic artery supply
intercostal spaces
what is the trunk of the 2nd part of the subclavian artery
costocervical trunk
what does the costocervical trunk split into
supreme intercostal artery and deep cervical artery
what is the 3rd part of the subclavian artery
dorsal scapular artery
where does the subclavian vein begin
at the lateral border of the first rib leading on from the axillary vein
what joins to form the brachiocephalic vein
internal jugular vein and subclavian vein
where does the IJV and subclavian vein join
at the venous angle
what is the thoracic duct
a major lymphatic drainage channel that begins in the abdomen
where does the thoracic duct enter the venous system
between the left internal jugular vein and left subclavian vein
what is the function of the prevertebral muscles
rotates the head and neck
what are the anterior vertebral muscles
longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, anterior scalene
what are the lateral vertebral muscles
rectus capitis lateralis, splenius capitis, levator scapulae, middle and posterior scalenes
what do the lateral vertebral muscles form
the floor of the lateral cervical region
what is the function of levator scapulae
elevates scapula and rotates it
what is the function of the middle and posterior scalenes
flex neck laterally
what is the function of splenius capitis
laterally flexes and rotates head and neck
what is the function of rectus capitis lateralis
flexes and stabilises head
what is the function of longus colli
flexes neck with rotation to opposite side
what is the function of longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior and anterior scalene
flex head
