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Head and Neck Anatomy BDS3 > Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

how is the nasal cavity separated from the oral cavity

A

by the hard palate (palatine process of maxilla, horizontal plate of palatine bones)

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2
Q

what makes up the posterior aperture

A

choanae

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3
Q

what are the bones of the external nose

A

nasal bones, frontal process of maxilla

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4
Q

what cartilages make up the external nose

A

septal cartilage
major and minor alar cartilage

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5
Q

which muscles overly the bones and cartilage of the external nose

A

nasalis, depressor septi nasi, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

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6
Q

what are the nares

A

anterior opening of nasal cavity

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7
Q

what does the incisive canal connect

A

nasal and oral cavity

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8
Q

what does the incisive canal contain

A

nasopalatine nerve and greater palatine artery

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9
Q

what is the nasal crest

A

ridge formed at connection of paired maxilla and palatine bones
attachment of vomer of nasal septum

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10
Q

what is the nasal septum

A

the medial wall of the nasal cavities

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11
Q

what are the main components of the medial wall of nasal cavity

A

septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone, vomer

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12
Q

what is a septal deviation

A

where the septum is displaced away from the midline

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13
Q

what causes a septal deviation

A

birth defect or injury

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14
Q

what does a septal deviation cause for the patient

A

snoring, difficulty breathing through nose, nosebleeds

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15
Q

how is a septal deviation corrected

A

surgically

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16
Q

what is the highest point of the nose formed by

A

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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17
Q

anteriorly, what is the roof of the nose formed by

A

nasal bones, nasal spine of frontal bone

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18
Q

posteriorly, what is the roof of the nose formed by

A

sphenoid bone

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19
Q

what bones form the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

nasal, ethmoid (superior and middle conchae, uncinate process), lacrimal, maxilla, inferior concha, palatine bone, sphenoid bone

20
Q

what cartilages extend the lateral surface of the nasal cavity

A

lateral process of septal cartilage, alar cartilages of external nose

21
Q

what is the structure of the ethmoid bone in the nasal cavity

A

left and right labyrinth with single midline perpendicular plate and cribriform plate

22
Q

what does the ethmoidal labyrinth project into the nasal cavity

A

superior and middle conchae

23
Q

what are the 3 nasal concahe

A

superior, middle and inferior

24
Q

what underlies the conchae

A

meatus

25
Q

what does the labyrinth structure of the ethmoid bone allow

A

creates air streams, increasing surface area between lateral wall of nasal cavity and respired air. allows air to engage with the nasal septum and blood supply to allow for moisturisation and purification and warming of air

26
Q

what is the innervation of the nasal cavity

A

olfactory nerve (special sensory), ophthalmic nerve (sensory), maxillary nerve (sensory)

27
Q

what branch of the ophthalmic nerve innervates the nose

A

anterior ethmoidal

28
Q

what branches of the maxillary nerve innervates the nose

A

anterior superior alveolar nerve, infraorbital nerve, nasopalatine nerve, lateral nasal nerves

29
Q

what is the parasympathetic preganglionic fibre route to the nasal cavity

A

axons from salivatory nucleus in brainstem are carried to the greater petrosal nerve of CNVII to pterygopalatine ganglion

30
Q

what is the parasympathetic postganglionic fibre route to the nasal cavity

A

post-ganglionic axons are carried within branches of maxillary nerve

31
Q

what is the sympathetic preganglionic route to the nasal cavity

A

axons from sympathetic trunk ascend in the internal carotid plexus and travel to the pterygopalatine ganglion via deep petrosal nerve

32
Q

what is the sympathetic postganglionic route to the nasal cavity

A

fibres carried in the maxillary nerve branches to nasal cavity

33
Q

what arteries supply the nasal cavity

A

ICA and ECA

34
Q

what are the branches of the external carotid artery that supply the nasal cavity

A

maxillary artery (sphenopalatine and greater palatine)
facial artery (superior labial, lateral nasal)

35
Q

what are the branches of the ICA that supply the nasal cavity

A

anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries

36
Q

which area can nosebleeds commonly occur and why

A

anterior septal region due to anastomoses of the arteries supplying the nose

37
Q

where do the veins that drain the nasal cavity drain to

A

pterygoid plexus, facial vein, cavernous sinus

38
Q

what are paranasal sinuses

A

hollow cavities in bones within the skull that are lined with respiratory epithelium and open into nasal cavity

39
Q

what are the paranasal sinuses

A

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary

40
Q

where do anterior cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain to

A

infundibulum in middle meatus

41
Q

where do middle cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain to

A

middle meatus at the ethmoidal bulla

42
Q

where do the posterior cells of the ethmoidal sinus drain to

A

superior meatus

43
Q

where does the maxillary sinus drain to

A

middle meatus at the semilunar hiatus

44
Q

where does the frontal sinus drain to

A

middle meatus at the infundibulum

45
Q

where does the sphenoid sinus drain to

A

sphenoethmoidal recess superiorly and posteriorly in the nasal cavity

46
Q

what can removal of the maxillary molar teeth mean for the maxillary sinus

A

can create an OAC

47
Q

what sensation can occur with an OAC

A

toothache

Head and Neck Anatomy BDS3 (25 decks)

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