Ear Flashcards
what bone in the skull is the ear associated with
petrous temporal bone
what are the 3 parts of the ear?
external, middle and internal
what do the middle and external ear do
transfer sound to the internal ear
what separates the external and middle ear
tympanic membrane
what does the pharyngotympanic tube join
middle ear to nasopharynx
what is the auricle made of
elastic cartilage
what is the main function of the auricle
support the ear, catch and funnel sound to external acoustic meatus
what are the main parts of the auricle
helix, lobule, tragus, concha
what is the sensory innervation of the auricle
great auricular (for medial surface, back of ear) and auriculotemporal (for anterior ear, tragus)
what is the external acoustic meatus made of
cartilage and bone
what epithelium is in the external acoustic meatus and what does it contain
stratified squamous
hair follicles, glands, ceruminous glands secreting ear war, blood vessels, nerves
how is the tympanic membrane held within the temporal bone
by a fibrocartilaginous ring
what is the tympanic membrane covered in
skin externally and mucous membranes internally
why does the tympanic membrane move
in response to air vibrations passed to it through the EAM
once the tympanic membrane moves, where does this movement go to
transmitted by ossicles through middle ear and to the internal ear
how can the tympanic membrane be examined
by an otoscope
what does the cone of light mean when it is seen on an otoscope
that the tympanic membrane is healthy and there is no fluid accumulation
what is the middle ear called
tympanic cavity
what does the middle ear contain
ossicles and muscles, pharyngotympanic tube
what are the ossicles
malleus, incus and stapes
what are the 2 muscles in the middle ear
tensor tympani and stapedius
what attaches to the tympanic membrane
handle of malleus
what attaches to the oval window
base of stapes
what do the ossicles do with sound
increase the force and decrease the amplitude
why do the ossicles increase force and decrease amplitude of sound
because the inner ear is fluid filled and it needs to change the sound to match the fluid waves