Cervical Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
what does the somatic nervous system control
voluntary movement
what does the autonomic nervous system control
viscera of body (involuntary response)
what does the sympathetic nervous system innervate
periphery
what does the parasympathetic nervous system innervate
core of body
when is there an increase in sympathetic activity
in times of stress, fear and anxiety
when is there an increase in parasympathetic activity
when sedentary
what is the function of the autonomic nervous system
control involuntary physiological processes
what do autonomic pathways consist of
2 neurons which synapse in a ganglion
what is the myelination of pre and post ganglionic neurons in the ANS
preganglionic are myelinated and postganglionic are non-myelinated
which nervous system has a longer preganglionic neuron
parasympathetic
what are the 2 neurotransmitters used for communication in ANS
acetylcholine and noradrenaline
what are neurons that release acetylcholine called?
cholinergic fibres
what are neurons which release noradrenaline called
adrenergic fibres
where are the preganglionic neurons located in the parasympathetic nervous system
craniosacral - cranial segments (III, VII, IX, X), spinal segments (S2-S4) - closer to target organ
where are the preganglionic neurons located in the sympathetic nervous system
thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
what forms the sympathetic chain
paravertebral ganglia
where is the sympathetic chain
extends from the base of the skull to the coccyx where the left and right chains join at ganglion impar
what forms the stellate ganglion
C7 and T1 fusion
where do the preganglionic sympathetic neurons leave the spinal cord
through the ventral root
where do the preganglionic sympathetic neurons enter the ganglia of the sympathetic chain
via the white ramus communicans