Gross Anatomy of Brain and Spinal Cord Part 2 Flashcards
what marks the location of the visual cortex
calcarine sulcus
what are the parts of the corpus callosum
genu, body, splenium and rostrum
what are the coronal radiata
fibres running to and from the cortex and thalamus beneath the grey matter (run through internal capsule)
what are the parts of the internal capsule
anterior limb, posterior limb and genu
where does the anterior limb of the internal capsule run
between head of caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus
where does the posterior limb of the internal capsule run
between lentiform nucleus and thalamus
what does the lentiform nucleus consist of
putamen and globus pallidus
why is the internal capsule vulnerable for stroke
because it is supplied by narrow arteries and which are easily blocked and it also has lots of nerves running through it which will have a devastating effect on the other side of body
where does the corticospinal tract run
passes through the lateral aspect of the posterior limb all the way through the CNS
what does the corticospinal tract mediate
voluntary movement across the body
what are the 5 basal nuclei
caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen , subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra
what is the corpus striatum made up of
caudate nucleus and putamen + globus pallidus
what is nuclei
grey matter connected to the thalamus, cortex and neighbouring nuclei
what do the nuclei do
project neurons to the thalamus with the thalamus acting as a relay for information to the cerebral cortex
what does damage to the basal nuclei result in
loss of control of movements (parkinsons/huntingtons)
what does the hypothalamus do
maintains homeostasis, monitors internal environment, controls release of hormones from pituitary gland
how does the hypothalamus control the release of hormones from pituitary gland
through releasing hormones
where does the pituitary gland sit
in the sellae turcica in the middle cranial fossa
what connects the pituitary gland and hypothalamus
pituitary stalk
what is the function of the pituitary gland
regulates hormone release through releasing or inhibiting hormones
what hormones does the pituitary gland release
growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone
what is acromegaly caused by
overproduction of growth hormone by pituitary gland (pituitary tumour)
what do the symptoms of acromegaly include
growth of hands and feet, voice deeper, lips nose and tongue larger