Romanesque Flashcards
Romanesque is a
visual style and related subdivision of the late Medieval period
Romanesque
1000 to 1150
Art historians often use the romanesque as a term for
the entire period
what happened around 1000
regions of Europe often consolidated into larger rule
what were kings often liked with
church to consolidate
what happened in 1054
Byzantine or Eastern orthodox church officially separates from Roman church
This is a period when the European Christians were trying to
gain territory from Muslim rule in Jerusalem
what was encouraged of believers
to make pilrimages
where were churches often found
in remote areas that were easily defendable
when do we see more large-scale buildings again
when the major states become more stable
what are common characteristics of Romanesque churches
- plain brickwork
- relatively dark
- small windows
- lots of walls
- thick buttresses
- barrel-vaulted ceiling
nave
large central asile
nave has a _____ roof compared to the side asiles
higher
clerestory windows
a row of windows well above eye leve
what separates the nave from the side aisles
columns
where is the alter located
at the apse end
entrance is often called the
westwork or the narthex
what was the simple apse replaced during the medieval period
larger rectangular unit
transept
the large rectangular unit that runs perpendicular to the nave
what grew larger as more visitors came to the towns
the apse
ambulatory
describes the side aisles extended up and around an extended apse
apsidal chapels
multiple smaller apses off the ambulatory
crossing
the transept meets the nave with large domes being built
Romanesque used ______ like in Ancient Rome
round arches
Romanqesue would use what kind of ceilings
barrel vaults
barrel vault ceiling
the ceiling is like many arches together
Romanesque vs Roman architecture
Romanesque would use barrel vault ceilings while Romans didn’t
both Romanqesue and Rome used round arches
site that is very popular for pilgrimages
site in Northern Spain
why was a site in Northern Spain popular for pilgrimages
believed to hold relics of Saint James
the shape of the transept has taken on what shape
a shape of the cross
what orientation would churches often have
alter points toward East (Jerusalem)
Aspects associated with the Cathedral of St. James
- round arches
- barrel-vaulted ceilings
- massive buttresses
- divides the building into bays
- increased ambulatory around the apse
- small windows
tympanum
semi-circular area above in an arched doorway
What sites on the portal (doorway) become important for sculpture and storytelling
tympanum and door jambs
what image is often shown in Romanesque tympanum
Christ in judgement
why does the message shown in tympanums differ from Early Christian
early Christian focused on the Good Shepard
Why is imagery becoming more ordered
Church is strongly established and imagery doesn’t have to focus on kindness
purgatory
waiting room where you wait for judgment
what is unique about the capitals
they are used for story telling and sculpture
what are the capitals called when they tell stories
historiated capital
reliquary
something that holds a relic
relic is the
remains of a saint or holy person or object associated with them
what would Romanesque reliquary often do
draw large numbers of the faithful
what made you a saint
martyrdom
why was it believed Saint Faith was put to death
she refused to make sacrifices to Roman gods
where was the Saint Fath relic originally held
in a neighbouring town next to Conques
why did the Saint Faith relic end up at Conques
a monk got a vision that showed her being happier to be in Conque
is all Romanesque art elaborate or fancy
NO
where would simpler wooden sculptures be found
smaller regional churches
what would have been carried in processions
simpler wooden sculptures
