Persian Empire Flashcards
empire
Cultures that start to grow and take over surrounding city-states
An empire has a clearer representation of
power of the state through the successive rulers
Persian empire dates
550 BCE to 330 BCE
In______, _______ conquers Babylon and other sites in Mesopotamia
539 BCE and Cyrus the Great
how far did Cyrus expand his rule
as far West as Egypt and conquering most of the Eastern end of the Mediterranean
the Persian empire at its height ruled ______ of the world’s population and was the ______ state in the world at that time
40% and wealthiest
Main state religion
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism
Idea that there were two gods, one of evil and one of good
what 3 things were explained with Cyrus’ rule
Calls for a tolerant state, accepting of diverse religions
Explaining Cyrus was preferred by gods to rule Babylon
Explains the benefits his rule will free the people who had been enslaved
Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes was a ______ called ______
central administrative city and Persepolis
Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes
was a city used only
for when the king visited, otherwise it would be inactive
how was the Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes built
on a 12 m platform, raised above the plain at front entry and build into hillside at back
what kind of hall was Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes
hypostyle hall
hypostyle hall
interior space whose roof rests on pillars or columns
how is the Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes linked to Mesopotamia
Tradition of carving low relief narratives into exterior and interior of buildings
what did the variation in the carvings of the Apadana show
clear region/cultural heritage
important style details of the carvings at the apadana
tightly coiled hair
feet flat
shoulders now forward in line with hips and feet and heads, profile.
how are the carvings at the Apadana representations of Mesopotamian traditions
side eye. Stock poses
Drapery
word art historians use for fabric/clothing– stylized into regular folds
what is the main indicator of this time period differing from Mesopotamian
Position of hips and shoulders
Shown in profile
Not an uncomfortable position
the Apadana is _____ about _______
less and worshiping gods
what was the idea regarding the leader and gods
they were the same and it was more about the leader
a capital
a decorative piece at the top of columns
what time period was a huge inspiration for the capitals
Greece
what are the bulls a symbol of
power
Relief sculpture from Palace at Susa
men were in route to give their tributes and gifts to the king
what do we suspect about Persian art
more of the art was actually painted than we thought
Relief sculpture from Palace at Susa
Persipolis
Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes
Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius and Xerxes carvings
bull capital
