Gothic Flashcards
Gothic
1150 to 1400
Gothic is a term used as
stylistic category in the late Medieval period
When was the birth of Jesus confirmed as a virgin birth
325 at Council o Nicea
Mary was claimed to be a
ever virgin
What was mary declared to be in 431
Moth of God
when does Mary’s popularity grow
throughout the Medieval period
What does Notre Dame de _____ mean
church of our lady
The exterior of the Abbey church of Saint-Denis is a
mix of styles
earliest Gothic cathedral
Church of Saint-Denis
Abbot Suger
led the rebuilding of the Saint-Denis church in the Gothic style
what did Suger add to the Saint-Denis
westwork
what did Suger say the bottom of the Saint-Denis was like
the 3 divisions were a similar look to the arch of Constantine
what was Suger highly devoted to
the use of stained glass/coloured light
What has the Christian tradition done in the Gothic period
further expanding the apse
adds major focus on the apse end
what happens as the apse expands
there is more walkway behind it
what are a giveaway for Gothic styles
use of pointed arches
what do point arches do to a space
increases height and allows for more windows and less wall
choir
the separation between the non-priests and the religious leaders
where would non-priests sit
the nave
the pointed arch developed
early in India (around 2nd c BCE)
the pointed arch isn’t just an arch but also
led to development of different kind of vaulting (ribbed vault)
ribbed vault
allows a higher ceiling that uses less material and carries the weight better
Why was stained glass so important
it conveys the beauty of the word of God
what was a major dispute during 1100 to 1200s
the use of lots of stained glass in churches
why were some people against stained glass
it was seen as idolatrous
it was super expensive
what did Suger believe stained glass did for people
causes people to contemplate light and colour which helps viewers transcend the physical realm
stained glass would promote
mystical ascent towards the divine
flying buttress
supporting pier that extends out from an external wall
what has an arch underneath it to allow light into the windows
flying buttress
rose window
large round stained glass window that uses stone tracery
what are many churches dedicated to
our lady (Mary
how do people differentiate churches
by the name of their location
what church was a significant pilgrimage church
Chartres Cathedral
what was believed the Chartres Cathedral held
a relic of the Virgin Mary
what is the imagery in Gothic styles focused on
still related to the end of days but less focused on Hell
why is the door at Chartres Cathedral called the Royal Portal
the OT kings and prophets depicted in the door jambs
what is the door at Chartres Cathedral called
Royal Portal
As time goes on, what happens to French Gothic architecture
gets taller and skinnier
what was the goal for building churches
for them to be taller and skinnier
what was the interior of many Gothic-styled churches like
very light and bright
where was art becoming increasingly placed
door jambs
what was being passed around at this point
architectural pattern books with trade secretes
Annunciation
when Gabriel comes to Mary to tell her she will bear the son of God
Visitation
Mary visits her older cousin Elizabeth who is the mother of John the Baptist
with the Annunciation and Visitation door jambs, what is older
Annunciation = 1250
Visitation = 1230
Book of Hours
devotional book that have prayers for the various times of day the Medieval Christians should pray
Grisaille
shades of grey
Gothic s curve
the figure’s body and posture are depicted in a serpentine manner
What becomes an increasingly important subject in the Gothic
annunciation of Mary
what is part of the shift to a gentler vision from the last judgement
Annunciation of Mary
Scale
figures more important than the architecture
who is an important French illuminator
Jean Pucelle
who seemed to have a connection between Italian Gothic painting of Duccio and manuscript painting
Jean Pucelle
what led to increasing in wealth in Italian peninsula
increased trade with Asia
what religion is the Italian region by this time
Christianzied
how was an important way of showing your civic virtue
become a patron of public art
what is the Italian Peninsula closely connected to
Eastern Empire (Byzantine)
Italo-Byzantine style
Byzantine elements with a sense of naturalism
what is significant in the Italian Gothic Period
the shift towards greater naturalism in painting
what is most paintings for this time in Italian Gothic
religious and public art
where would Italian Gothic paintings always be found
Christian churches
typical kinds of paintings for Italian Gothic
- painting on wood
- fresco
fresco
painting directly on the walls
egg tempera
pigment is mixed with egg to dissolve it
what is limited with egg tempera
dries fast so limits what can be done with the medium but makes it durable
altarpiece
large structure that stands on the altar at the niche end of the church
Giotto di Bondone
renowned for making art look more lifelike than earlier
what is an exception to the general naming conventions for Gothic Italy and Renaissance Italy
artists are referred to only by first name
characteristics of Italian Gothic
- lots of gold
- figures are more realistic
- no consistent perspectival system
what are the gold background in Gothic Italy used to show
heavenly realm
where would gold be used in Gothic Italian paintings
background
there is an increase in devotion to
Mary
Giotto makes a significant change in Gothic Italy
TRUE
Arena Chapel
all the walls are covered in true fresco
true fresco
paint is applied to the plaster while the plaster is still wet
Trompe l”oeil
fool of the eye painting that look like real materials
apse of Arena chapel
the Last Judegment
what is the Arena chapel also known as
Scrovengi chapel
what happens to altarpieces over the Italian Gothic period
get large and often include many painted panels
