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Art History > Ancient China > Flashcards

Ancient China Flashcards

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1
Q

Ancient China is comparable to what civilizations

A

Ancient River Valley civilizations
(Egypt and Mesopotamia)

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2
Q

the earliest settlements in Neolithic China were surrounded by what

A

rivers

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3
Q

what were the rivers that surrounded the early Netholithic China settlements

A
  1. Yellow River
  2. Yangtze River
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4
Q

Where was the Yello River located

A

northern near Tianjin

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5
Q

Where was the Yangtze river located

A

central, southern near Shanghai

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6
Q

Jade Congs was from what culture (specific)

A

Lingzhu culture

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7
Q

shape of congs

A

had a square outside with a circular inside

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8
Q

what was more common to find in the graves
the bi or congs

A

bi

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9
Q

where would bi be found in the gravesites

A

on the stomach or chest of the body

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10
Q

what does the long cong repersent

A

heaven and earth

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11
Q

the outside of the cong was decorated with what

A

abstract face patterns/decorative masked figures

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12
Q

what is the significance of jade carvings

A

very hard to carve without tools and was seen as very expensive and highly valued

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13
Q

what is more valued than gold and silver

A

jade

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14
Q

2 kinds of primary surviving decorative ritual objects

A

congs and bi

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15
Q

what is the assumption of the bi and cong association

A

with death rituals

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16
Q

when did China have significant artistic bronze production

A

about 2000 BCE

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17
Q

what was often depicted in the bronze work

A

animals imagined and real

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18
Q

what are bronze objects associated with

A

with rulers and often found in their tombs

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19
Q

Taotie Motif

A

an abstract zoomorphic form that is symmetrical with eyes, horns and sometimes fangs but NO lower jaw

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20
Q

How can Taotie Motif be abstracted

A

they are simplified to their essence until they are almost unrecognizable unless looked at very crafully

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21
Q

what is the Da Ke Ding vessel a symbol of

A

the global power that he held and how he was the ruler of all China (maybe even the world)

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22
Q

the first emperor of Qin Dynasty is often related to the

A

Imperial China

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23
Q

why and when did large sections of China unify

A

in 210 BCE Qin Shi Huangdi united the warring regions as one

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24
Q

who was the first emperor of Qin Dynasty

A

Qin Shi Huangdi

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25
Q

what 5 things did Qin Shi Huangdi do

A
  1. first unifying Emperor of China
  2. develops a centralized bureaucracy
  3. enforces unified language, writing and coinage regulations
  4. connects forts along the northern border of Great Wall
  5. tries to suppress spread of Confucianism and Buddhism
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26
Q

what was the result of Huangdi’s bureaucracy

A

allowed civilization to flourish

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27
Q

what did the stela around Huangdi’s realm say

A

his rule and power

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28
Q

The burial mound for the first emperor of Qin was surrounded by what

A

a large number of other burials and three pits filled with terracotta army statues

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29
Q

what was the main point of the burial mound for the first emperor of Qin

A

to house the emperor after his death which was unusual for that time

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30
Q

what was the burial mound for the first emperor of Qin a show of

A

his power

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31
Q

what did the burial mound for the first emperor of Qin mirror

A

the city he lived in more specifically his palace

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32
Q

what was the burial mound for the first emperor of Qin suppose to be after his death

A

buried

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33
Q

what else could be found at the burial mound for the first emperor of Qin

A

bodies of exotic animals with weapons
mass graves of followers executed at that time

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34
Q

the great terracotta army are what

A

individualized and life size

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35
Q

how are the terracotta army figures distinct

A

from the mixing and matching of pieces

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36
Q

the terracotta army would have been orginally

A

painted

37
Q

when was the Han Dynasty

A

206 BCE to 220 CE

38
Q

what were the 3 events doing the Han Dynasty

A
  1. Confucianism gets promoted by the state
  2. Daoism gets promoted by state
  3. China takes control of West and opens trade
39
Q

what is an example of Han Dynasty opening trade routes

A

silk road

40
Q

Confucius was a person who emphasized

A

proper, virtuous and moral individual behaviour to create a harmonious society based on balance

40
Q

Confucius was a person who emphasized

A

proper, virtuous and moral individual behaviour to create a harmonious society based on balance

41
Q

how is Confucianism society based on the balance

A

balance of individual needs with needs of society

42
Q

Daoism based on ideas from the

A

Book of the Way

43
Q

Daoism

A

Emphasizes living in harmony with the spirit of all things

44
Q

what is important in art from Han Dynasty

A

Daoism

45
Q

According to Daoism, one should live a

A

simple life

46
Q

Elites are, like emperor

A

creating significant tributes to the afterlife

47
Q

what are the coffins and silks of Lady Dai an example of

A

how the elites were like emperors

48
Q

Lots of Chinese art is on fabric which means

A

it is faded over time

49
Q

what is one of the oldest paintings we have

A

Funeral banner of Lady Dai from 2nd century BCE

50
Q

where would the Funeral Banner of Lady Dai have been found

A

found in the nesting coffins

51
Q

what do the registers of the Funeral Banner of Lady Dai story tell

A

the passage of Lady Dai from the underworld to the heavenly realm

52
Q

what is the purpose of fantastical dragons

A

they move between the 2 realms as a transitional phase between life and death

53
Q

what is typical of Chinese paintings

A
  1. the material is silk
  2. strong outlines of the figures
54
Q

what is significant about Chinese figure outlines in art

A

they have a caligraphy flow to them

55
Q

what happened in 338 CE in China

A

when Buddhist arrive and spread Buddhism

56
Q

What is happening in China when Buddhism arrives

A

the Northern and Southern Dynasties were struggling for control

57
Q

what Dynasty is the Seated Buddha from

A

Zhao Dynasty

58
Q

what was the difference between Buddhism in China and India

A

China’s was more focused on meditation

59
Q

what is significant about the Seated Buddha’s size

A

it is small and would have been transported by trade routes

60
Q

what is the Seated Buddha made out of

A

gilded bronze

61
Q

gilded bronze

A

a bronze statue covered in a thin layer of gold

62
Q

what is different from the Buddha at the Yungang Caves to India

A
  1. Buddha was more remote
  2. it was huge
63
Q

how was the Buddha at the Yungang Caves more remote

A
  1. it was huge = distant from the prayer
  2. bodies are idealized
  3. drapery was not natural
64
Q

how are the Buddha at the Yungang Caves and Inda SIMILAR

A
  1. both have top knots showing enlightenment
  2. large extended ears
65
Q

how was the Buddha seen as political

A

when the emperor died, they become Buddhas.

66
Q

Vericana Buddha

A

the Buddha of all the others

67
Q

what was the Detail of the Admonitions Scroll attributed to

A

Gu Kaizhi

68
Q

Detail of the Admonitions Scroll was a ____ dynasty copy in _____ CE

A

Tang and 6th to 8th century

69
Q

why are hand scrolls important

A

very long made from painted scenes are are to be viewed as a process

70
Q

what could the owner do to a scroll

A

add a new pannel and comment on it

71
Q

what were scrolls made in relation with

A

pottery

72
Q

the Detail of the Admonitions Scroll was not about

A

burial but about living

73
Q

why don’t early scrolls often survive

A

made from silk

74
Q

the scrolls were often owned by

A

rich society

75
Q

what does the text of a scroll describe

A

the images

76
Q

what was the Detail of the Admonitions Scroll tell about

A

the man is telling the empress how not to behave

77
Q

Fu Kuan

A

artist who painted landscape paintings as an expression of neo-Confucian ideals of living in harmony

78
Q

by the 900s, what had developed

A

a strong landscape tradition of imagined sites

79
Q

what is very closely related to writing

A

painting

80
Q

what type of painting is Travelers by Streams and Mountains

A

monochrome

81
Q

what was thought of as a holy place in Chinese spirituality

A

mountains

82
Q

what were Chinese landscape art used as a symbol for

A

the depth that is different from Western traditions

83
Q

Floating perspective

A

indicates multiple viewpoints combined in a single work

84
Q

what do the elevated position and varying levels of finish encourage us to do

A

wander in our minds into the imaginative space

85
Q

what belief is fundamental to Daoism

A

living in harmony with the natural

86
Q

what are the main Chinese philosophical/religious systems

A
  1. Daoism
  2. Confucianism
  3. Buddhism
87
Q

Neo-Confucian

A

merges the elements of Buddhism with Confucianism and Daoism

Art History (21 decks)

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