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Art History > Islam > Flashcards

Islam Flashcards

1
Q

when were Muhammad and his followers run out of Mecca

A

622

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2
Q

what begins the Muslim Calendar

A

the emigration of Muhammed from Mecca

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3
Q

when did Islam originate

A

Arabia in 7th Century (600s)

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4
Q

who founded Islam

A

Muhammed

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5
Q

when does Muhammed get visited by Gabriel and accepts his role as a prophet

A

610

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6
Q

what was believed about the writtings in the Koran

A

revealed by GOd

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7
Q

when does Muhammed go on a night vision to Jerusalem

A

621

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8
Q

where does Islam spread through

A

India, North Africa, Spain

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9
Q

What does Islam accept about Christianity and what does it disagree with

A

Accept Hebrew prophets and Jesus as divinity
BUT
believe that Muhammed is the last and final prophet of God

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10
Q

what does Islam mean

A

surrender to will of Allah

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11
Q

2 major texts

A

Qu’an and Hadith

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12
Q

Hadith

A

sayings and teachings of Muhammed

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13
Q

Qur’an

A

the word of God as revealed to Muhammed from God through the Angel Gabriel

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14
Q

5 pillars of Islam

A
  1. profession of faith
  2. Daily prayers
  3. Alms-giving
  4. Fasting during Ramadan
  5. Pilgrimage to Mecca
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15
Q

Islam profession of faith

A

there is NO God but Bod and Muhammed is his prophet

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16
Q

subdivisions of Islam

A

Sunni and Shia

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17
Q

why do the divisions of Islam arise

A

different points of view about who is the rightful successor after the death of Muhammed

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18
Q

Early Islamic Art

A

640 to 900 CE

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19
Q

two ruling dynasties that unit the Muslim world

A

Umayyads
Abbadids

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20
Q

Umayyads

A

Capital Damascus in Syria
rule until 750 CE

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21
Q

Abbadids

A

Capital Baghdad in Iraq
rule until mid 800s

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22
Q

what happens after 861

A

Islamic world not united

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23
Q

Medieval Islamic Art

A

900 to 1517 CE

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24
Q

what is the result of art in Medieval islamic Art

A

many different regions and styles

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25
Q

what is one of the earliest surviving Islamic buildings

A

Dome of the Rock

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26
Q

what is the highest point in Jerusalem

A

Dome of the Rock

27
Q

importance of Dome of the Rock for Jews

A

believed to be the site where Abraham almost sacrificed his son

28
Q

who is an important figure for Jews, Muslims and Christians

A

Solomon

29
Q

when were Jews allowed to return to Jerusalem

A

when the Persian Empire takes power in 539 BCE

30
Q

when did Nebuchadnezzar II destroy the Temple

A

587 BCE

31
Q

what is the key idea when the Dome of the Rock becomes a major location in the Islamic faith

A

the world’s 2 other major monotheistic faiths have also considered it crucial

32
Q

the spot Muhammad went on his night vision

A

Dome of the Rock

33
Q

the Dome of the Rock is a mosque

A

FALSE

34
Q

what is the Dome of the Rock a representation of

A

the aniconic period of Islam

35
Q

where are some of the oldest transcriptions of the sacred text of Islam

A

Dome of the Rock

36
Q

what does the Dome of the Rock building similar to

A

the Central Planning Churches in early Christian

37
Q

the early period of the Islamic culture is often

A

syncretic

38
Q

syncretic

A

working in multiple traditions to create a new one

39
Q

what is Dome of Rock considered

A

a shrine

40
Q

can regular prayer happen anywhere

A

YES

41
Q

mosque

A

a specialized building for prayer

42
Q

what size are mosque usually

A

big enough to hold the whole MALE community together as they prey

43
Q

what are special about Fridays

A

all the males come together and pray

44
Q

Mihrab faces

A

Mecca

45
Q

what is important in Islam

A

that the direction of a Mihrab is facing Mecca

46
Q

3 M’s of a mosque

A
  1. Minbar
  2. Mihrab
  3. Minaret
47
Q

Minbar

A

raised platform for leader to speak

48
Q

Minaret

A

tower which calls faithful to prayer

49
Q

what did Muslim’s have to do before prayers

A

wash themselves

50
Q

there was a Muslim presence in

A

Europe

51
Q

what does the dome in front of the Mihrab signify

A

heaven

52
Q

Kaaba

A

one of the 5 pillars of Islam that every Muslim should make a pilgrimage to

53
Q

with the Great Mosque of Isfahan, what is harder to tell

A

the direction of Mecca

54
Q

Vellum

A

animal skin prepared for books

55
Q

what is important about writing by Muslims

A

it is appropriate and beautiful to reflect the importance of the Word of God

56
Q

what is highly regarded when writing in Muslim

A

calligraphy

57
Q

Illustrated books are often called

A

Persian miniatures

58
Q

why do Illustrated books become important in Persia

A

foreign rulers from the east use power of written word to consolidate power

59
Q

Mongols rule Iran in becomes huge in

A

1200s

60
Q

Mongols

A

people who invade from the North east

61
Q

when does the Ottoman empire take over Constantinople

A

1453

62
Q

the Haiga Sophia is originally a

A

massive central plan church

63
Q

when is the Haiga Sophia transformed into a mosque

A

when conquered by the Ottomans in 1453

Art History (21 decks)

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