Role of Education on Society - Feminist Perspective

Question 1

Why do feminists have large areas of agreement with functionalists and Marxists?

Answer 1

Because they all see the education system as transmitting norms and values

Question 2

How to feminist views differ from functionalist and Marxist views?

Answer 2

Feminists believe the education system transmits norms and values of patriarchal society

Question 3

What do feminists sociologists see double standards in schools as an example of?

Answer 3

A patriarchal identity that justifies male power and devalues women

Question 4

What is used to reinforce dominant gender and sexual identities according to Connell?

Answer 4

“A rich vocabulary of abuse”

Question 5

How did Mac an Ghaill identify that teachers play a part in reinforcing dominant definitions of gender and identity?

Answer 5

Some male teachers told boys off for “behaving like girls”

Question 6

Why did girls historically underachieve in comparison to boys?

Answer 6

Lower expectations
Gender subject choice
Socialisation into expressive roles
Aspirations to marry and have children

Question 7

What does Sharpe say about girls historic aspirations?

Answer 7

Girls has aspirations to marry and have children

Question 8

What sectors would girls historically end up in if they went into employment?

Answer 8

Low paid sectors such as retail

Question 9

What have girls started to do since 1988?

Answer 9

Since the introduction of the National Curriculum, they have started to achieve higher than boys

Question 10

How has the increase in feminism improved girls achievement?

Answer 10

It has increased their career aspirations

Question 11

What view did Sharpe challenge in her ‘just like a girl’ study?

Answer 11

The view that women should stay at home after marriage

Question 12

What was the most common Jon aspiration of w/c girls in the 1970s in Sharpe’s ‘just like a girl’ study?

Answer 12

Office work

Question 13

What jobs did the majority of w/c girls in 1970s in Sharpe’s ‘just like a girl’ study choose?

Answer 13

‘Feminine jobs’ such as nursing and teaching

Question 14

What fraction of w/c girls in the 1970s in Sharpe’s ‘just like a girl study’ wanted to be a girl?

Answer 14

3/4

Question 15

Opinions of office jobs in 1990s follow up study in Sharpe’s ‘just like a girl’ study?

Answer 15

Office work didn’t appeal to girls in school

Question 16

Trends in popularity of marriage from 1970s to 1990s in Sharpe’s ‘just like a girl’ study

Answer 16

Popularity of marriage decreased by roughly 50%

Question 17

How are girls socialised to allow teachers and parents to exercise greater control over them?

Answer 17

They are socialised to be passive and subservient

Question 18

What do girls have less of than boys due to gender socialisation?

Answer 18

Less freedom regarding controls on time, space and body

Question 19

How were schools described in 1983 according to Spender’s ‘invisible women:the school scandal’?

Answer 19

They were patriarchal, male-dominated institutions where teachers favoured male pupils by paying more attention to them

Question 20

Work rate of girls in schools in 1983 according to Spender’s ‘invisible women:the school scandal’

Answer 20

Girls tended to work harder and were more motivated than boys

Question 21

Control of girls’ looks in schools

Answer 21

Inform regulations - girls needed to conform to passive, feminine identities
Appearance controlled - girls faced more severe sanctions

Question 22

What were girls sanctioned for wearing in schools?

Answer 22

For wearing clothes that may be distracting to boys, suggesting males are unable to control their actions meaning females must control theirs

Question 23

What is the hidden curriculum?

Answer 23

Unwritten rules, values and normative patterns of behaviour which students are expected to conform to and learn while in school

Question 24

What did the hidden curriculum teach in schools according to Heaton and Lawson?

Answer 24

It taught patriarchal values

Question 25

What do liberal feminists point out?

Answer 25

They point out the remaining issues of patriarchy in education while acknowledging provided they have made towards equality in education

Question 26

Under the tripartite system of 1940s and 50s, now were girls institutionally failed?

Answer 26

Boys had a lower pa rate for the 11+ than girls to ensure more boys would succeed

Question 27

What shows that the patriarchal education system has possibly been failing since the 1980s?

Answer 27

Girls have been outperforming boys in education

Question 28

What percentage of the teaching workforce were women in November 2021?

Answer 28

75.5%

Question 29

What causes males to have fewer male role models at school?

Answer 29

More women teachers

Question 30

How does gender socialisation give girls an advantage?

Answer 30

They are socialised into conformity and obedience which makes them the ideal pupil

Question 31

What is the focus of educational reforms on according to Jackson et al?

Answer 31

It’s on boys’ underachievement, rather than inequality

Question 32

What percentage of graduated in education are female?

Answer 32

80%