Risk scores

Question 1

GRACE risk scores

Answer 1

• age
• HR
• systolic BP
• if cardiac arrest at admission
• ST elevation/ depression
• abnormal cardiac enzymes
• congestive heart failure
• rales and/ or JVD
• pulmonary oedema
• cardiogenic shock

Question 2

HASBLED risk score

Answer 2

• hypertension
• renal disease (creatinine)
• liver disease (bilirubin, LFTs, cirrhosis)
• PMH stroke
• PMH major bleeding
• unstable INR
• age >65
• medication usage predisposing to bleeding
• alcohol use >8 drinks/ week

Question 3

CHADVASC risk score

Answer 3

• age, sex
• PMH congestive heart failure
• hypertension
• PMH stroke/ TIA
• PMH vascular disease
• PMH diabetes