Ribs Flashcards
How many pairs of ribs are there?
12
What ribs are the true ribs?
1-7
How do the true ribs articulate with the sternum?
Costal cartilages
What ribs are the false ribs?
8-10
What do the false ribs articulate with?
Costal margin
What ribs are the floating ribs?
11 and 12
Where do the floating ribs terminate?
Abdominal musculature
What is the pattern of length seen in the ribs?
Ribs increase in length from 1-7 and decrease in length 8-12
What end of the ribs is often used for age estimation?
Sternal end
What edge of the rib is the ‘sharp’ edge?
Caudal (cranial is more blunt)
Name the 2 kinds of ribs
Typical and Atypical
How many articular facets does a typical rib usually have?
3 (superior and inferior and articular facet of tubercle)
Rib one has 2 grooves for which vascular structures?
Subclavian artery and vein
What rib has a tubercle for scalene anterior?
Rib 1
Where does scalene anterior run to and from?
From C3-C6 transverse processes to scalene tubercle on rib 1
What movements does scalene anterior produce?
Raises rib 1, flexion and rotation of neck
In what direction does rib 2 deviate?
Inferiorly
What muscles attaches to rib 2?
serratus anterior and scalene posterior
Where does serratus anterior run to and from?
Where does scalene posterior run to and from?
It runs to the second rib from the scapula
it runs to the second rib from the posterior tubercles of transverse processes of cervical vertebrae C4-C6
What movements does scalene posterior produce?
raises rib 2, flexion and rotation of neck
Name the atypical ribs
1,2 11 and 12
How many articular facets does rib 11 have on its head?
1 singular one
What feature does rib 11 lack?
Tubercle
What feature is ‘shallow’ on rib 11?
Costal groove
What rib is shorter out of rib 11 and 12?
12
What is not present on rib 12?
Angle
Name 4 pathological ribs
Lumbar and cervical ribs
Bifid ribs
Fused ribs
What is the difference between bifid ribs and fused ribs?
Bifid ribs have 1 body and 2 sternal ends whereas fused ribs have 2 heads fusing into 1 body
How many pairs of costal cartilages are there?
12
What are the costal cartilages?
Persistent unossified extensions of cartilaginous models that preceded fully ossified ribs
What is the purpose of these costal cartilages?
Allow movement of inspiration and expiration
Give elasticity to thorax
What kind of cartilage are costal cartilages?
Hyaline
What is the costochondral junction?
A junction between the distal parts of ribs (concave part anteriorly) and costal cartilage (convex end)
Can the costal cartilage ossify at all?
Yes slowly over time
Where is the 1st costosternal joint located?
Between costal cartilage pair 1 and the manubrium of the sternum
What kind of joint is the 1st costosternal joint?
Primary cartilaginous joint (can synostose with age)
If synostosis happens with the first costosternal joint and the manubrium (manubriocostal fusion), what fusion cannot occur?
manubriosternal fusion (between manubrium and sternum)
If the manubrium and sternum fuse, can manubriocostal fusion occur?
No
What kinds of joints are the 2nd-7/8th costosternal joints?
synovial joints
What costosternal joints are rarely synovial and may have an empty joint cavity?
9 and 10
