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Forensic Osteology > Pelvic Girdle > Flashcards

Pelvic Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones is the pelvic girdle composed of?

A

3 bones - 2 innominates and sacrum

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2
Q

What does the pelvic girdle form a link between?

A

Upper and lower body

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3
Q

Is the pelvis sexually dimorphic?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Name the 3 individual bones of the innominates (which are fused in adulthood)?

A

Ilium
Ishium
Pubis

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5
Q

Name the 2 pelvis’s and where they are located

A

Greater (false) pelvis is above the inlet

Lesser (true) pelvis is below the inlet

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6
Q

What notch is located on the ilium?

A

Greater sciatic notch (on the posterior medial side)

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7
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium?

A

It is where the sacrum articulates

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8
Q

How many iliac spines are there?

A

4

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9
Q

Name the iliac spines

A

Anterior Superior
Anterior Inferior
Posterior Superior
Posterior Inferior

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10
Q

Name the fossa found on the ilium

A

Iliac fossa

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11
Q

What lies between the pubis and ilium?

A

Iliopubic eminence

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12
Q

What line connects with the arcuate line?

A

Iliopectineal line

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13
Q

Name the 2 pubic rami

A

Superior pubic ramus

Inferior pubic ramus

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14
Q

Name the 4 other pubic landmarks

A

Pubic symphysis
Pubic tubercle
Pubic crest
Pectineal line

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15
Q

Where is the ischial spine located?

A

Posteriorly

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16
Q

What notch is located at the ishium?

A

Lesser sciatic notch (on the posterior medial side)

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17
Q

Name the 2 other ischial landmarks

A 
Ramus (inferior ramus)
Ischial tuberosity (lesser sciatic notch runs to here)
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18
Q

Name the features created by all three bones - ilium, ischium and pubis

A 
Obturator foramen
Obturator canal
Acetabulum
Acetabular notch
Pelvic inlet
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19
Q

What lines separate the gluteal muscles?

A

Gluteal lines

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20
Q

Where does gluteus minimus sit in relation to the gluteal lines?

A

Between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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21
Q

Where does gluteus medius sit in relation to the gluteal lines?

A

Between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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22
Q

Where does gluteus maximus sit in relation to gluteal lines?

A

Behind posterior gluteal line

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23
Q

What movements do the gluteal muscles produce?

A

Extension and rotation of hip

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24
Q

What ligament attaches to the anterior superior iliac spine?

A

Inguinal ligament - it runs to pubic tubercle of pubis

25
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of sartorius

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: upper medial tibia

26
Q

Describe the movements of sartoris

A

flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh at hip joint

27
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of tensor fasciae latae

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: tibia via iliotibial tract

28
Q

Describe the movements of tensor fasciae latae

A

flexion, abduction and rotation of thigh

29
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of iliotibial tract

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine and iliac tubercle
Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia

30
Q

Describe the movements of iliotibial tract

A

extension, abduction, lateral rotation of hip and stabilises the knee

31
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of rectus femoris

A

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine (and posterior head above acetabulum)
Insertion: quadriceps tendon onto base of patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

32
Q

Describe the movements of rectus femoris

A

extension of leg at knee joint and flexion of thigh at hip joint

33
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of iliofemoral ligament

A

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: intertrochanteric line of femur

34
Q

Describe the movements of iliofemoral ligament

A

maintains pelvic position and keeps femoral head in acetabulum

35
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of iliacus

A

Origin: iliac fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

36
Q

Describe the movements of iliacus

A

flexion of thigh at hip joint

37
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of ligament teres

A

Origin: acetabulum
Insertion: fovea capitis of femur

38
Q

Decribe the movements of ligament teres

A

Prevents displacement of femur

39
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of transverse acetabular ligament

A

Origin: edge of acetabulum
Insertion: across acetabular notch

40
Q

Describe the movements of transverse acetabular ligament

A

Prevents displacement of femur

41
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of pectineus

A

Origin: pectineal line of superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur

42
Q

Describe the movements of pectineus

A

thigh flexion and adduction

43
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of adductor magnus

A

Origin: infeerior pubic ramus (ischial tuberosity)
Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur

44
Q

Describe the movements of adductor magnus

A

thigh adduction, extension and rotation

45
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of adductor longus

A

Origin: anterior pubis
Insertion: linea aspera of femur

46
Q

Describe the movements of adductor longus

A

thigh adduction, flexion and medial rotation

47
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of biceps femoris (long head)

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: lateral head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

48
Q

Describe the movements of biceps femoris

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

49
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of semitendinosus

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: medial diaphysis of tibia

50
Q

Describe the movements of semitendinosus

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

51
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of semimembranosus

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: posterior medial condyle of tibia

52
Q

Describe the movements of semimembranosus

A

knee flexion/rotation and hip extension

53
Q

Describe the non-metric trait = accessory iliac/sacral facets

A

articulations between ilium and sacrum other than at the position of auricular facet

54
Q

What is the pre-auricular sulcus?

A

A non-metric trait that is a groove inferior to the caudal limb of the auricular surface

55
Q

What is the acetabular crease

A

A non-metric trait that is a groove penetraring the lunate surface from the superior margin of the acetabular notch near the trace of triradiate suture

56
Q

What disease/deformation is linked to underdeveloped acetabulum

A

congenital hip dysplasia

57
Q

What is dorsal pitting?

A

A non metric trait that shows eroded areas on the pubic body

58
Q

Can the obturator canal ossify?

A

Yes, this is a non-metric trait

Forensic Osteology (18 decks)

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