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Forensic Osteology > Humerus > Flashcards

Humerus Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the humerus located in the arm?

A

Arm

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2
Q

What does the humerus sit inbetween?

A

Pectoral girdle and forearm

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3
Q

What and where does the humerus articulate with?

A

With scapula at the hed

With the ulna at the trochlea, coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa

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4
Q

Is the head of the humerus rough or smooth?

A

Smooth

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5
Q

How many tubercles are found on the humerus?

A

2

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6
Q

Name the tubercles

A

Greater (more lateral)

Lesser (anterior)

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7
Q

What lies between the two tubercles?

A

Intertubercular groove/sulcus

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8
Q

Where is the deltoid tuberosity located?

A

Laterally

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9
Q

What line comes diagonal almost to the deltoid tuberosity?

A

Radial/spiral groove

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10
Q

What are the names of the 2 sharp edges near the distal end of humerus?

A

Medial and lateral supracondylar ridges/crests

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11
Q

What supracondylar ridge is sharper?

A

Lateral

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12
Q

What are the most extreme distal points of the humerus?

A

Medial and lateral epicondyles

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13
Q

What epicondyle is bigger?

A

Medial

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14
Q

What sits above the capitulum?

A

Radial fossa (anterior)

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15
Q

Where is the coronoid fossa located?

A

Medial

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16
Q

What is located below the coronoid fossa?

A

Trochlea

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17
Q

Where is the olecranon fossa located?

A

Posteriorly

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18
Q

What is the biggest fossa on the humerus?

A

Olecranon fossa

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19
Q

Name the rotator cuff muscles

A

Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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20
Q

What is the origin and insertion of subscapularis?

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Inserts: lesser tubercle of humerus

21
Q

What movements does subscapularis produce?

A

medial rotation of arm and stabilisation

22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of supraspinatus?

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula
Inserts: greater tubercle of humerus

23
Q

What movements does supraspinatus produce?

A

Abduction of arm and stabilisation

24
Q

What is the origin and insertion of infraspinatus?

A

Origin: infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Inserts: greater tubercle of humerus

25
Q

What movements does infraspinatus produce?

A

Lateral rotation, abduction of arm and stabilisation

26
Q

What is the origin and insertion of teres minor?

A

Origin: superior lateral border of scapula
Insert: greater tubercle of humerus

27
Q

What movements does teres minor produce?

A

lateral rotation, adduction of arm and stabilisation

28
Q

What is the origin and insertion of teres major?

A

Origin: inferior angle dorsal surface of scapula
Inserts: medial lip of intertubercular groove

29
Q

What movements does teres major produce?

A

medial rotation, adduction and extension of arm

30
Q

What is the origin and insertion of latissimus dorsi?

A

Origin: spinous processes of T7-L5, lower ribs and ilium crest
Inserts: intertubercular groove of humerus

31
Q

What movements does latissimus dorsi produce?

A

medial rotation, adduction and extension of arm

32
Q

What is the origin and insertion of pectoralis major?

A

Origin: anterio-medial clavicle and sternum
Inserts: lateral lip of intertubercular groove

33
Q

What movements does pectoralis major produce?

A

medial rotation, adduction of and flexion of arm

34
Q

What is the origin and insertion of deltoid?

A

Origin: anteirio-lateral clavicle, lateral acromion and lower border of spine of scapula
Inserts: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

35
Q

What movements does deltoid produce?

A

flexion, extension, rotation and abduction of arm

36
Q

What is the origin and insertion of brachialis?

A

Origin: distal anterior diaphysis of humerus
Inserts: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

37
Q

What movements does brachialis produce?

A

flexion of forearm

38
Q

What is the origin and insertion of triceps brachii?

A

Origin: posterior diaphysis of humerus (also infraglenoid tubercle of scapula)
Inserts; olecranon of ulna

39
Q

What movements does triceps brachii produce?

A

Extension of forearm and adduction

40
Q

What is the origin and insertion of brachioradialis?

A

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Inserts: styloid process of radius

41
Q

What movements does brachioradialis produce?

A

flexion of arm

42
Q

What is the origin and insertion of supinator?

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus (also supinator crest of ulna)
Inserts: lateral proximal diaphysis of radius

43
Q

What movements does supinator produce?

A

supination of forearm

44
Q

What is the origin and insertion of pronator teres?

A

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus (also from coronoid process of ulna)
Inserts: lateral diaphysis of radius

45
Q

What movements does pronator teres produce

A

pronation and flexion of arm

46
Q

What is the septal aperture?

A

a non metric trait described as hole in between the olecrnon and coronoid fossae

47
Q

What can occur due to septal aperture?

A

additional flexion

48
Q

What is the supracondylar process?

A

a non metric trait described as a spur of bone above the medial epicondyle on the supracondylar ridge

Forensic Osteology (18 decks)

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