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Forensic Osteology > Pectoral Girdle - Scapula > Flashcards

Pectoral Girdle - Scapula Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the scapula located?

A

On the posterior (dorsal) side of the body

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2
Q

Describe the scapula

A 
It is very thin
Triangular and concave on anterior side
Articulations on distal side
Follows curvature of ribs
Suspending from vertebral column, ribs and skull by muscles
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3
Q

How many surfaces does the scapula have?

A

2

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4
Q

How many borders does the scapula have?

A

3

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5
Q

How many angles does the scapula have?

A

2

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6
Q

What process is situated just above the humeral head?

A

Acromial process

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7
Q

What is the acromial angle?

A

Where the acromion changes shape/angle

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8
Q

Where is the acromioclavicular facet?

A

On the internal side of scapula (it is not a clear articulation)

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9
Q

What is the spine?

A

It attaches the acromion to the rest of the scapula

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10
Q

Where is the coracoid process/tubercle situated?

A

Opposite from the acromion and lower (very beak-like)

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11
Q

Where is the suprascapular notch situated?

A

At the very top of the scapula

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12
Q

Where is the supraglenoid tubercle?

A

Above the glenoid cavity

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13
Q

What does the glenoid fossa/cavity articulate with?

A

Humeral head

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14
Q

Where is the glenoid notch located?

A

On top of the glenoid fossa on the same side at the coracoid process

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15
Q

What is the infraglenoid tubercle?

A

A tubercle on the underside of the glenoid fossa

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16
Q

What is the spinoglenoid notch?

A

Notch between the spine and glenoid fossa

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17
Q

Name the 2 necks

A

Anatomic neck

Surgical neck

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18
Q

Name the 3 borders

A

Lateral (axillary)
Medial (vertebral) - much thinner
Superior

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19
Q

Where is the subscapular fossa?

A

Anterior scapula (opposite side of spine)

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20
Q

Where is the supraspinous fossa?

A

On the same side as the spine (posterior) and above the infraspinous fossa

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21
Q

Where is the infraspinous fossa?

A

On the same side as the spine (posterior) and below the supraspinous fossa

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22
Q

Name the 2 angles

A

Superior(medial)

Inferior

23
Q

Name the 2 surfaces

A

Ventral

Dorsal

24
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of deltoid

A

Origin: lateral acromion and lower border of spine (and clavicle)
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

25
Q

Describe the movements of deltoid

A

flexion, extension, abduction and rotation of arm

26
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of trapezius

A

Origin: spine
Insertion: acromion (also clavicle and superior nuchal line)

27
Q

Describe the movements of trapezius

A

elevation, adduction, depression and rotation of scapula

28
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of biceps brachii

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity on radius

29
Q

Describe the movements of biceps brachii

A

supination and flexion of forearm

30
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of triceps brachii

A

Origin: infraglenoid tubercle (and posterior diaphysis of humerus)
Insertion: olecranon of ulna

31
Q

Describe the movements of triceps brachii

A

extension of forearm

32
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of pectoralis minor

A

Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process

33
Q

Decribe the movements of pectoralis minor

A

draws scapula downwards and forwards

34
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of subscapularis

A

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: proximal humerus

35
Q

Decribe the movements of subscapularis

A

medial rotation of arm and shoulder stabilisation

36
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of supraspinatus

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

37
Q

Describe the movements of supraspinatus

A

Abduction of arm

38
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of infraspinatus (part of rotators cuff)

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

39
Q

Describe the movements of infraspinatus

A

lateral rotation and abduction of arm

40
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of teres minor

A

Origin: dorsal surface of lateral border
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

41
Q

Describe the movements of teres minor

A

lateral rotation, adduction of arm and stabilisation

42
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of teres major

A

Origin: dorsal surface of lateral border
Insertion: medial lip of intertuberculer groove of humerus

43
Q

Describe the movements of teres major

A

medial rotation, adduction and extension of arm

44
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of serratus anterior

A

Origin: outer surface of ribs 1-8/9
Insertion: medial border

45
Q

Describe the movements of serratus anterior

A

rotates/protracrs scapula for arm flexion and abduction

46
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of levator scapulae

A

Origin: superior posterior tubercles of transverse processes C1-4
Insertion: posterior surface of medial border

47
Q

Describe the movements of levator scapulae

A

elevation and rotation of scapula

48
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of rhombodeius minor

A

Origin: posterior root of spine C7-T1
Insertion: posterior surface of medial border

49
Q

Describe the movements of rhombodeius minor

A

retraction, elevation and stabilisation of scapula

50
Q

Describe the origin and insertion of rhombodeius major

A

Origin: inferior posterior T2-T5
Insertion: posterior surface of medial border

51
Q

Describe the movements of rhombodeuis major

A

retracvtion, elevation and stabilisation of scapula

52
Q

Describe the non-metric trait suprascapular foramen

A

ossification of suprascapular ligament so it becomes a foramen

53
Q

Describe the non-metric trait circumflex sulcus

A

Plexus of vascular strucutres can create a notch/groove on the postero-lateral border

54
Q

Name another non-metric trait of the scapula

A

acromial facet (facet on inferior surface of acromion)
Unfused acromial epiphyses
Variable inferior angle shape
Variable acromion size

Forensic Osteology (18 decks)

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