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Forensic Osteology > Femur > Flashcards

Femur Flashcards

1
Q

What does the femur sit in between?

A

Pelvis and lower leg

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2
Q

What sort of estimation is the femur good for?

A

Stature

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3
Q

What does the femur support all of?

A

All of the bodys weight

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4
Q

Where and what does the femur articulate?

A

Pelvis at the head
Tibia at the condyle
Patella at the patellar surface

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5
Q

What is fovea capitis?

A

small, oval-shaped divot on the head of the femur

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6
Q

What neck is more ‘bumpy’?

A

Anatomical neck

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7
Q

What side is the greater trochanter on, anterior or posterior?

A

Posterior

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8
Q

Where is the trochanteric fossa?

A

Opens medially

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9
Q

Where is the lesser trochanter located?

A

On the posterior surface and is more medial

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10
Q

What surface is the intertrochanteric line on?

A

Anterior

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11
Q

What sits on the intertrochanteric fossa?

A

Quadrate tubercle

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12
Q

Where is the Pectineal line located?

A

Below lesser trochanter

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13
Q

What is the gluteal tuberosity?

A

Where gluteus maximum attaches

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14
Q

What does the gluteal tuberosity meet under the lesser trochanter?

A

Spiral line

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15
Q

What forms the linea aspera?

A

Spiral line and gluteal tuberosity

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16
Q

What does the linea aspera form when it divides?

A

Lateral and media supracondylar lines

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17
Q

What is the popliteal surface?

A

It is the surface between the 2 condylar lines

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18
Q

What is adductor tubercle ?

A

A tubercle that bumps out to the medial side

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19
Q

Name the epicondyles

A

Lateral and medial (bumps on either side)

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20
Q

Name the condyles

A

Medial and lateral (medial sits lower and lateral is flatter)

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21
Q

What lies between the two condyles?

A

Intercondylar fossa

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22
Q

What is patellar/trochlear surface?

A

It comes from the intercondylar fossa

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23
Q

Where does ligamentum teres originate and insert?

A

Origin: pelvis
Insertion: fovea capitis

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24
Q

What does ligamentum teres do?

A

Holds the head of the femur in the acetabulum

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25
Q

Where does gluteus medius originate and insert?

A

Origin: anterior gluteal line of ilium
Insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter

26
Q

What movements does gluteus medius produce?

A

Extension and rotation of hip

27
Q

Where does gluteus minimus originate and insertion?

A

Origin: inferior gluteal line of ilium
Insertion: anterior border of greater trochanter

28
Q

What movement does gluteus minimus produce?

A

Extension and rotation of hip

29
Q

Where does iliacus originate and insert?

A

Origin: iliac fossa
Insertion: lesser trochanter

30
Q

What movement does iliacus produce?

A

Flexion of hip

31
Q

Where does pectineus originate and insert?

A

Origin: pectineal line of superior pubic ramus
Insertion: pectineal line of femur and linea aspera

32
Q

What movement does pectineus produce?

A

Thigh flexion and adduction

33
Q

Where does gluteus maximus originate and insert?

A

Origin: posterior gluteal line (via iliotibial tract) of ilium and sacrum
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity

34
Q

What movement does gluteus maximus produce?

A

Extension and rotation of hip

35
Q

Where does vastus medius originate and insert?

A

Origin: intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera and medial supracondylar line
Insertion: quadriceps tendon

36
Q

What movement does vastus medius produce?

A

Extension of leg

37
Q

Where does vastus intermedius originate and insert?

A

Origin: anterior/lateral 2/3rds of femur
Insertion: quadriceps tedon and tibial tuberosity

38
Q

What movement does vastus intermedius produce?

A

Extension of knee

39
Q

Where does vastus lateralis originate and insert?

A

Origin: intertrochanteric line, inferior greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity and lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: quadriceps tendon

40
Q

What movement does vastus lateralis produce?

A

Extension of knee joint

41
Q

Where does adductor longus orginate and insert?

A

Origin: anterior pubis
Insertion: medial lip of linea asper

42
Q

What movement does adductor longus produce?

A

Thigh adduction, flexion and rotation

43
Q

Where does biceps femoris (short head) originate and insert?

A

Origin: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar linee and ischium
Insertion: lateral side of head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

44
Q

What movement does biceps femoris produce?

A

Extension and lateral rotation of knee and extension of thigh at hip

45
Q

Where does adductor magnus originate and insert?

A

Origin: inferior pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle

46
Q

What movement does adductor magnus produce?

A

Thigh adduction, extension and rotation

47
Q

Where does popliteus originate and insert?

A

Origin: lateral epicondyle
Insertion: upper posterior tibia

48
Q

What movement does popliteus produce?

A

Medial rotation and flexion of leg

49
Q

Where does gastrocnemuis originate and insert?

A

Origin: above the articular surface of condyles (1 head for each condyle)
Insertion: posterior calcaneus via Achille

50
Q

What movement does gastrocnemius produce?

A

flexion of knee and foot

51
Q

Where does the fibular collateral ligament originate and insert?

A

Origin: just anove lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: head of fibula

52
Q

Where does the tibial collateral ligament originate and insert?

A

Origin: above the medial condyle of femur
Insertion: medial tibial diaphysis

53
Q

What ligaments are internal?

A

Cruciate ligaments

54
Q

Name the cruciate ligaments

A

Anterior and posterior

55
Q

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament originate and insert?

A

Origin: medial/anterior aspect of tibial plateau
Insertion: lateral condyle of femur

56
Q

Where does posterior cruciate ligament originate and insert?

A

Origin: posteror intercondylar area of tibia
Insertion: medial femoral condyle

57
Q

What non-metric trait occurs with the trochanters?

A

Third trochanter - sits lower and further back than the lesser trochanter

58
Q

Can the fovea capitis vary in size and shape?

A

Yes

59
Q

What non-metric trair affects the femur as a whole?

A

Femoral bowing

60
Q

Describe the non-metric traits Allen’s fossa and Poirier’s facet

A

Allen’s fossa - plaque formation and defects of margin of neck
Poireri’s facet - facet is an extension of the articular facet of head

61
Q

Describe the non-metric trait anterior femoral neck torsion

A

It depends on the angle of the femoral head if condyle lie flat - can affect how you walk and make feet point inwards or outwards
Often rectified by the knee joint

Forensic Osteology (18 decks)

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