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PARASITOLOGY > RHIZOPODIA > Flashcards

RHIZOPODIA Flashcards

1
Q

pathogenic free living amoeba

A

Rhizopodia

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2
Q

Acanthamoeba species was discovered by

A

Aldo Castellani

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3
Q

Has a spine-like psuedopods

A

Acanthamoeba species

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4
Q

tagged as the “ Trojan hose” of the microbial world as it harbours many organisms which is endosymbiotic in nature

A

Acanthamoeba species

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5
Q

Acanthamoeba species PROTOZOAN

A

Cryptosporidium spp. and Toxoplasma gondii

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6
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Trophozoite: measure

A

25-40 um

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7
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Cyst: measures

A

13-20 um

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8
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Infective and diagnostic stage

A

Trophozoite

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Acanthamoeba species. POE

A

Eyes, Nose, Skin, Bloodstream, Brain

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11
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Disease:
Immunocompromised

A

Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis

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12
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Disease: Immunocompetent:

A

Corneal ulcer/ Acanthamoebic keratitis

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13
Q

CSF shows lymphocytic pleocytosis, slightly elevated protein levels, and normal or slightly decreased glucose levels.

A

Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis

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14
Q

diagnosed by epithelial biopsy or corneal scrapings for recoverable ameba with characteristic staining patterns on histologic analysis

A

Corneal ulcer/ Acanthamoebic keratitis

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15
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Diagnosis. Gold standard:

A

Calcofluor white (stain)

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16
Q

Acanthamoeba species. Prevention and Control

A

Meticulous contact lens hygiene is essential in avoiding infection, and rinsing contact lenses in tap water should be avoided.

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17
Q

administered in Acanthamoeba keratitis

A

Biguanide, chlorhexidine

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18
Q

Patient often experience smell and taste alteration, blocked nose. It is diagnostic sign for meningitis

A

Kernig’s sign

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19
Q

Acanthamoeba species. : surgery in severe cases where vision is threatened

A

Keratoplasty

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20
Q

NO effective treatment for GAE, but for a multidrug combinations
are administered including

A

pentamidine, sulfadiazine, rifampicin, and fluconazole

21
Q

Naegleria fowleri is named after

A

Fowler, along with Carter which decirbe it first form in Autralia

22
Q

Heat-loving amoeba, thrives in warm water at low oxygen tension and commonly found I
freshwater. Worldwide distributed

A

Naegleria fowleri

23
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Trophozoite:
2 forms,

A

Amoebic and flagellate

24
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Trophozoite: Amoebic form: size ?

A

10-35 um

25
Q

Naegleria fowleri. What form? They are used to engulf RBCS and WBCs depending on the species

A

Amoebic form

26
Q

Naegleria fowleri. What form? Flagellates can revert to amoeboid form. A biflagellate form occurs when trophozoite are transferred to
distilled water. Which occurs within a minute.

A

Flagellate form

27
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Cyst size

A

7-10 um in diameter

28
Q

Naegleria fowleri. This stage was never been found in tissues of CSF

A

Cyst

29
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Infective and diagnostic stage:

A

Trophozoite

30
Q

pass to the brain that causes the Primary Amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).

A

Naegleria fowleri

31
Q

Naegleria fowleri. POE

A

Nasal mucous membrane

32
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Incubation:

A

2 days to 2 weeks

33
Q

Naegleria fowleri. : Patient experiences __

A

insomia

34
Q

Naegleria fowleri causes Cranial nerve palsies, especially of the__, __, and ___ nerves have also been documented.

A

third, fourth, and sixth nerves

35
Q

What parasite? The disease almost always ends fatally within a week(average 5
days).

A

Naegleria fowleri

36
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Gold standard:

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

37
Q

ELISA means

A

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

38
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Prevention and
control.

A

It is killed by chlorination of water at 1ppm or higher. Health education

39
Q

Naegleria fowleri. Treatment for PAM.

A

Amphotericin B combination with Clotrimazole

40
Q

Formerly classified as yeast. No growth in fungal media.

A

Blastocystis hominis

41
Q

It is Commensal. Pathological nature is controversial

A

Blastocystis hominis

42
Q

5 forms of Blastocystis hominis

A

Vacuolated
Amoeba-like
Granular
Multiple Fission
Cystic

43
Q

form of Blastocystis hominis. Most
predominant. Main type causing diarrhea

A

Vacuolated

44
Q

form of Blastocystis hominis. Occasionally seen. Intermediate
stage. Ingested bacteria

A

Amoeba-like

45
Q

form of Blastocystis hominis. Seen in old culture. Daughter cell of amoeba like forms

A

Granular

46
Q

form of Blastocystis hominis. Arise
from vacuole forms

A

Multiple Fission

47
Q

form of Blastocystis hominis. Thick walled: External transmission Thin walled: Reflection w/n host intestinal
tract

A

Cystic

48
Q

Blastocystis hominis Culture:

A

Boeck/Drbohlav’s
Nelson & Jones
Optimal growth: 37C at the presence of bacteria

PARASITOLOGY (15 decks)

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