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PARASITOLOGY > BLOOD FLUKES > Flashcards

BLOOD FLUKES Flashcards

1
Q

an old english name which refers to flattened rhomboidal morphology

A

“Fluke”

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2
Q

TREMATODES have excretory systems made up of

A

flame cells or protonephridia

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3
Q

Fertilized eggs when passed: (PEFF)

A

Paragonimus, Echinostoma, Fasciola, Fasciolopsis

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4
Q

Embryonated eggs when passed:

A

Schistosoma, Heterophyids, Opisthorchis, Clonorchis

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5
Q

Males are flattened behind ventral sucker, with bodies cylindrical and incurved
ventrally to form____ in which female resides

A

gynecophoral canal

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6
Q

Infection rate for snails: usually observed at ____, about _____ hours post release of
miracidia

A

10°C-20°C, 1-4 HOURS

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7
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, _____ fluke

A

(Oriental fluke)

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8
Q

Schistosoma japonicum(Oriental fluke), disease

A

Oriental Schistosomiasis

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9
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, Snail intermediate host:

A

Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

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10
Q

smallest
schistosome egg

A

Schistosoma japonicum

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11
Q

Schistosoma japonicum size

A

46-110 um in length and 37-90 in width;

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12
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, Variations in diurnal peaks can be observed with some around ___ to ___

A

11 am to 4 pm

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13
Q

It has a minute lateral spine

A

Egg of Schistosoma japonicum

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14
Q

characterized by having smooth tegument, cylindrical, gray-white in color

A

Adult, Schistosoma japonicum

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15
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, Adult lay more than how many eggs

A

more than 3,000 eggs/day

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16
Q

adult, They are usually located in the branches of superior mesenteric vein adjacent to small intestine or sometimes in ileocecal area

A

Schistosoma japonicum

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17
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, Cercaria: peaks around ___ to ___

A

10 am to 12 noon

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18
Q

the most virulent Schistosoma

A

Schistosoma japonicum

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19
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, hepatic complications are the most severe form, although pulmonary cirrhosis can be seen

A

Chronic infections

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20
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, ___ is also observed and possibly other gram-negative bacteria

A

Secondary bacterial infection with Salmonella spp

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21
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, It can be able to cause colorectal and ___

A

liver carcinoma

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22
Q

Schistosoma japonicum. definitive host

A

Man

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23
Q

Schistosoma japonicum, natural infection occurs widely in several , ___ and ____ which act as reservoirs of infection.

A

domestic animals and rodents

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24
Q

Schistosoma japonicum. Intermediate host:

A

Amphibian snails of the genus Oncomelania

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25
Schistosoma japonicum. Infective form for humans:
Fork tailed cercaria.
26
S. japonicum. Diagnostic stage:
embryonated eggs in stool
27
S. japonicum. Lab Diagnosis. ▪ demonstration of eggs in stool using Kato thick or Katokatz ▪ eggs are also stained by modified Ziehl-Neelsen
Acute
28
S. japonicum. Lab Diagnosis. ▪ hatching test and concentration or sedimentation ▪ rectal biopsy can also be used during chronic loweggoutputbutisinvasive
Chronic
29
S. japonicum. Lab Diagnosis.. can be used to differentiate past or current infection
Antigen detection test
30
(Bladder fluke, Urinary bilharziasis)
Schistosoma haematobium
31
Schistosoma haematobium. Snail intermediate hosts:
Bulinus ,Physopsis, Biomphalaria
32
Schistosoma haematobium. Egg:  it measures ?
110-170 um in length and 40-70 um in wdith
33
Egg has a conspicuous terminal spine
Schistosoma haematobium
34
egg output peaks around 12 noon to 3 pm
Schistosoma haematobium
35
Schistosoma haematobium. Cercaria:  shedding in snails around 11am to 3pm with peaks around __
1pm
36
Schistosoma haematobium. Lay about ____ eggs a day
30-300 eggs a day
37
Both sexes are grayish-white to yellowish-brown in color mainly located in vesical, prostatic and uterine plexuses but can also be found in rectal venules
Schistosoma haematobium
38
It can be able to cause genito-urinary problems such as dysuria, microhematuria, glomerulonephritis, lumbar pains, hematuria, obstructive uropathies
Schistosoma haematobium
39
Schistosoma haematobium. can be able to cause genito-urinary problems and most especially ____, and _____ in bladder
bladder carcinoma, eosinophillic infiltration
40
It is more common in Africa, Miiddle East and South American regions
Schistosoma haematobium
41
S. haematobium. Definitive host:
Humans
42
S. haematobium. Intermediate host:
Fresh water snails
43
S. haematobium. Infective form
Cercaria larva
44
It is possible to find eggs from biopsy material from uterine, cervical wall and vagina
S. haematobium
45
(Manson’s blood fluke)
Schistosoma mansoni
46
Schistosoma mansoni. Snail intermediate hosts:
Biomphalaria, Australorbis, Tropicorbis
47
Schistosoma mansoni. Egg. Color
light yellowish brown in color
48
Schistosoma mansoni. Egg. has a large lateral spine that is shaped like
rose thorns
49
Schistosoma mansoni. egg peaks are observed to be released by hosts around
10 am to 2pm
50
Schistosoma mansoni. Cercaria: Peak is between ____, with heavily infested water
11am to 1pm,
51
Schistosoma mansoni. Cercaria: Peak can extend up to
4pm
52
Its adult is grayish white in color
Schistosoma mansoni
53
Schistosoma mansoni. lay about ___ eggs a day which are deposited diffusely
350 eggs a day
54
smallest schistosome in terms of adult length
Schistosoma mansoni
55
Adult. They are usually located in inferior mesenteric vein of lower colon or sigmoid orectal area
Schistosoma mansoni
56
causes symmers pipe stem fibrosis, pulmonary emboli and hypertension
Schistosoma mansoni
57
It can also cause right sided heart failure, spinal cord schistosomiasis, myelopathy in brain, kidney failure, glomerulonephritis, lumbar pains
Schistosoma mansoni
58
Note that it can predispose individuals to HIV-1 (immune dysregulation and organ damage)
Schistosoma mansoni
59
Schistosoma mansoni. It is more common in
Africa and Middle East
60
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS. Same with S. japonicum and S. haematobium
Schistosoma mansoni

PARASITOLOGY (15 decks)

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