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CLASS SECERNENTEA Flashcards

1
Q

Helminthic parasites are multicellular (____)

A

metozoa

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2
Q

Helminthic parasites have 3 germ layers (___)

A

trio bastic metozoa

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3
Q

Helminthic parasites, belong to the kingdom

A

Metazoa

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4
Q

Helminth - Greek name “___”

A

helmins

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5
Q

Helminth - Greek name “helmins” - worm originally referred to ____

A

intestinal worms

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6
Q

2 Phyla:

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Phylum Nemathelminthes

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7
Q

A. Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) - 2 classes:

A

Class Cestoda (Flatworms)
Class Trematodo (Flukes or Digeneans)

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8
Q

Phylum Nemathelminthes - 2 classes:

A

Class Adenophorea (Aphasmidia)
Class Secernentea (Phasmidia)

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9
Q

functioning male and female sex organs in the same individual

A

Monoecious

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10
Q

two sexes, male and female, separate

A

Diecious

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11
Q

Outer protective covering
Tough and armed with spines or hooks
Resistant to intestinal digestion

A

Cuticle

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12
Q

Provided with teeth or cutting plates
Possess suckers or hooks for attachment to host tissues and
some species use it for movement
Do not possess organs for locomotion

A

Mouth

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13
Q

Larval Stage

A

Cestode, Trematodes, Nematodes:

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14
Q

Cestode:

A

Cystenercus, Coenurus, Coracidium, Cystecercoid, Procercoid, Hydatid cyts and Plerocecoid forms

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15
Q

Trematodes:

A

Miracidium, Cercaria, Redia, Metacercaria and Sporocyst

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16
Q

Nematodes:

A

Microfilaria, Filariform larva, Rhabditiform larva

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17
Q

ROUNDWORMS (Class _____ and ____)

A

Class Adenophorea and Secernentea

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18
Q

characterized by a complete digestive tract with muscular pharynxthatis triradiate

A

ROUNDWORMS

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19
Q

The adults have separate sexes, some of which are parthenogenetic

A

ROUNDWORMS

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20
Q

ROUNDWORMS may contain biologic enzymes: (5) PEKHP

A

(phosphatases, esterases, kinases, hydrolases, peptidases)

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21
Q

ROUNDWORMS - They have no respiratory system and oxygen enters through __

A

diffusion

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22
Q

The nervous system is composed of a circumoral brain or called __ and from it runs the dorsal, ventral and lateral longitudinal nerve cords

A

nerve ring

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23
Q

The excretory system can be composed of ____ which is located near pharynx which excretes salt or by two parallel ducts found in excretory pores

A

Renette glands

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24
Q

Presence of sensory receptors in anterior ends (____) and posterior end(____)

A

amphids, phasmids

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25
Presence of sensory receptors in anterior ends (amphids) andposteriorend(phasmids), the latter is situated in the caudal region ( ___ to ___ )
posterior to anus
26
What are the Intestinal Species? (6) ETANAS
Enterobius vermicularis Trichuris trichuria Ascaris lumbricoides Necator Americanus Ancylostoma duodenale Strongloides stercoralis
27
What are the intestinal-tissue species? (2) TD
Trichinella spiralis Dracunculus medinensis
28
INTESTINAL SPECIES (Class _____)
Class Secernentea
29
Ascaris lumbricoides. Common names:
Large intestinal roundworm, roundworm of man
30
Ascaris lumbricoides. Disease:
Ascariasis. Roundworm infection
31
Ascaris lumbricoides. Old name:
Lumbricus teres (Edward Tyson, 17th century)
32
Ascaris lumbricoides. Occurs most frequently in the __
tropics
33
Ascaris lumbricoides. Coat: Outer Coarsely mammilated albuminous coating (decorticated), thick glycogen membrane (chitin). What Egg
Fertilized egg
34
Ascaris lumbricoides. Coat: Smooth thin shell, irregular mammilated coating filled with refractile granules (lecithin). What egg
Unfertilized egg
35
infective - Ascaris lumbricoides
Fertilized egg
36
Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult. Color:
Pinkish white or Creamy white
37
Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult. Mouth: Terminal mouth with 3 lips/trilobate (2 ____, 1 ____ ) with sensory papillae
2 ventral, 1dorsal
38
Ascaris lumbricoides. ___ weeks for eggs to develop into infective stage under favorable conditions
2-3 weeks
39
Ascaris lumbricoides . It can take about ___ months before the oviparous females lay eggs
2-3 months
40
Ascaris lumbricoides . A gravid female can lay ____ eggs/day
240, 000 eggs/day
41
Ascaris lumbricoides. The female worm survives for ___ years and causes symptomatic infections
1-2 years
42
Ascaris lumbricoides. Adults are primarily found in ___.
small intestines
43
Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult life span in small intestine, how many months
10-12 months
44
Ascariasis. Asymptomatic, it is not unusual to find children apparently unaffected in spite of heavy infestation with the worms.
Light infection
45
Ascariasis. Symptomatic infection:
Spoliative or Nutritional effects Toxic effects Ectopic ascariasis (Wanderlust)
46
Ascariasis. - interferes with proper digestion and absorption of food. Disease may contribute to protein-energy malnutrition and Vitamin A deficiency.
Spoliative or Nutritional effects
47
Ascariasis. Fever, Uticaria, Angioneurotic edema, wheezing and conjunctivitis
Toxic effects
48
Ascariasis. the worm may wander up or down along the gut. Male worm is more responsive to illness of the host than the female.
Ectopic ascariasis (Wanderlust)
49
Ascariasis. Pneumonitis + eosinophilia, Loeffler’s syndrome (Larva in Lungs)
Migrating larva
50
Appendicitis, billary ascariasis, cognitive and growth impairment of children.
Pot belly (bolus)
51
Sandbox infection:
Pot belly (bolus)
52
Ascaris lumbricoides. Direct microscopy:
direct fecal smear, Katothick, Katokatz(WHO gold standard
53
Ascaris lumbricoides. Serology:
ELISA, IFA(Indirect immunofluorescence),
54
Ascaris lumbricoides. Diagnosis. can show the trolley car lines appearance of adult
Radiologic-X ray
55
Ascaris lumbricoides .Treatment
Albendazole, Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Pre-treatment with saline laxatives or saline oil before antiparasitic drug administration
56
Enterobius vermicularis. Common name:
Pinworm or Seatworm
57
Enterobius vermicularis. Disease:
Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis
58
Enterobius vermicularis. Old name:
Oxyrius vermicularis
59
Egg Shape: “D shape”, elongated, flattened on one side
Enterobius vermicularis
60
It is ineffective for 4-6 hours outside the host. Eggs are very lightweight and may be carried by air into the environment (Airborne)
Enterobius vermicularis
61
Enterobius vermicularis. Infective stage:
Embryonated egg
62
Enterobius vermicularis. Diagnostic stage:
Embryonated egg
63
Enterobius vermicularis.. The time interval from ingestion of infective eggs to ovi position by the adult females is about ___
one month
64
The larvae contained inside the eggs develop(the eggs become infective) in ___ hours under optimal conditions.
4 to 6 hours
65
Enterobius vermicularis. Maturation in humans is __ to ___ days
15 to 26 days
66
67
Enterobius vermicularis. Female can lay up to ___ eggs at night time, afterdeposition female dies.
11,000 eggs
68
69
Enterobius vermicularis. Natural host:
Man
70
Enterobius vermicularis. Mode of transmission:
Ingestion or Inhalation
71
Pinworm infection
Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis
72
The worm produces intense irritation and pruritus of the perianal and perineal area (pruritis ani)
Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis
73
Enterobius vermicularis. Diagnosis
Scotch tape swab technique (Graham’s scotch adhesive tape swab)
74
Enterobius vermicularis. Treatment.
Pyrantel pamoate, Albendazole, Mebendazole piperazine
75
Dog and Cat Ascariasis
Toxocara canis & Toxocare cati
76
Toxocora canis Other name
Dog ascariasis, Dog roundworm
77
Toxocara cati Other name
Cat ascariasis, Cat roundworm
78
Similar with A. lumbricoides but smaller in size Body is bent ventrally
Toxocara canis & Toxocare cati
79
Bow cervical alae
Toxocora canis
80
Arrowhead cervical alae
Toxocara cati
81
Dioctophyma renale. Common name:
Giant kidney worm
82
Egg: Barrel-shaped, thick pitted shell
Dioctophyma renale
83
Intermediate host: Earthworms
Dioctophyma renale
84
Dioctophyma renale. Paratenic host:
fish and frogs
85
Dioctophyma renale. Incidental host:
man
86
Pathogenesis, Destruction of kidney tissues
Dioctophyma renale
87
Dioctophyma renale. Specimen of choice
URINE

PARASITOLOGY (15 decks)

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