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PARASITOLOGY > CLASS SECERNENTEA > Flashcards

CLASS SECERNENTEA Flashcards

1
Q

Helminthic parasites are multicellular (____)

A

metozoa

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2
Q

Helminthic parasites have 3 germ layers (___)

A

trio bastic metozoa

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3
Q

Helminthic parasites, belong to the kingdom

A

Metazoa

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4
Q

Helminth - Greek name “___”

A

helmins

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5
Q

Helminth - Greek name “helmins” - worm originally referred to ____

A

intestinal worms

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6
Q

2 Phyla:

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Phylum Nemathelminthes

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7
Q

A. Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) - 2 classes:

A

Class Cestoda (Flatworms)
Class Trematodo (Flukes or Digeneans)

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8
Q

Phylum Nemathelminthes - 2 classes:

A

Class Adenophorea (Aphasmidia)
Class Secernentea (Phasmidia)

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9
Q

functioning male and female sex organs in the same individual

A

Monoecious

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10
Q

two sexes, male and female, separate

A

Diecious

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11
Q

Outer protective covering
Tough and armed with spines or hooks
Resistant to intestinal digestion

A

Cuticle

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12
Q

Provided with teeth or cutting plates
Possess suckers or hooks for attachment to host tissues and
some species use it for movement
Do not possess organs for locomotion

A

Mouth

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13
Q

Larval Stage

A

Cestode, Trematodes, Nematodes:

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14
Q

Cestode:

A

Cystenercus, Coenurus, Coracidium, Cystecercoid, Procercoid, Hydatid cyts and Plerocecoid forms

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15
Q

Trematodes:

A

Miracidium, Cercaria, Redia, Metacercaria and Sporocyst

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16
Q

Nematodes:

A

Microfilaria, Filariform larva, Rhabditiform larva

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17
Q

ROUNDWORMS (Class _____ and ____)

A

Class Adenophorea and Secernentea

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18
Q

characterized by a complete digestive tract with muscular pharynxthatis triradiate

A

ROUNDWORMS

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19
Q

The adults have separate sexes, some of which are parthenogenetic

A

ROUNDWORMS

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20
Q

ROUNDWORMS may contain biologic enzymes: (5) PEKHP

A

(phosphatases, esterases, kinases, hydrolases, peptidases)

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21
Q

ROUNDWORMS - They have no respiratory system and oxygen enters through __

A

diffusion

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22
Q

The nervous system is composed of a circumoral brain or called __ and from it runs the dorsal, ventral and lateral longitudinal nerve cords

A

nerve ring

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23
Q

The excretory system can be composed of ____ which is located near pharynx which excretes salt or by two parallel ducts found in excretory pores

A

Renette glands

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24
Q

Presence of sensory receptors in anterior ends (____) and posterior end(____)

A

amphids, phasmids

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25
Q

Presence of sensory receptors in anterior ends (amphids) andposteriorend(phasmids), the latter is situated in the caudal region ( ___ to ___ )

A

posterior to anus

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26
Q

What are the Intestinal Species? (6) ETANAS

A

Enterobius vermicularis
Trichuris trichuria
Ascaris lumbricoides
Necator Americanus
Ancylostoma duodenale
Strongloides stercoralis

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27
Q

What are the intestinal-tissue species? (2) TD

A

Trichinella spiralis
Dracunculus medinensis

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28
Q

INTESTINAL SPECIES (Class _____)

A

Class Secernentea

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29
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Common names:

A

Large intestinal roundworm, roundworm of man

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30
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Disease:

A

Ascariasis. Roundworm infection

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31
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Old name:

A

Lumbricus teres (Edward Tyson, 17th century)

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32
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Occurs most frequently in the __

A

tropics

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33
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Coat: Outer Coarsely mammilated albuminous coating
(decorticated), thick glycogen membrane (chitin). What Egg

A

Fertilized egg

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34
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Coat: Smooth thin shell, irregular mammilated coating filled with
refractile granules (lecithin). What egg

A

Unfertilized egg

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35
Q

infective - Ascaris lumbricoides

A

Fertilized egg

36
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult. Color:

A

Pinkish white or Creamy white

37
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult. Mouth: Terminal mouth with 3 lips/trilobate (2 ____, 1 ____ ) with sensory papillae

A

2 ventral, 1dorsal

38
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. ___ weeks for eggs to develop into infective stage under favorable conditions

A

2-3 weeks

39
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides . It can take about ___ months before the oviparous females lay eggs

A

2-3 months

40
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides . A gravid female can lay ____ eggs/day

A

240, 000 eggs/day

41
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. The female worm
survives for ___ years and causes symptomatic infections

A

1-2 years

42
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Adults are
primarily found in ___.

A

small intestines

43
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Adult life span in small intestine, how many months

A

10-12 months

44
Q

Ascariasis. Asymptomatic, it is not unusual to find children apparently unaffected in spite of heavy infestation with the worms.

A

Light infection

45
Q

Ascariasis. Symptomatic infection:

A

Spoliative or Nutritional effects
Toxic effects
Ectopic ascariasis (Wanderlust)

46
Q

Ascariasis. - interferes with proper digestion and absorption of food. Disease may contribute to protein-energy
malnutrition and Vitamin A deficiency.

A

Spoliative or Nutritional effects

47
Q

Ascariasis. Fever, Uticaria, Angioneurotic edema, wheezing and
conjunctivitis

A

Toxic effects

48
Q

Ascariasis. the worm may wander up or down along the gut. Male worm is more responsive to illness of the host
than the female.

A

Ectopic ascariasis (Wanderlust)

49
Q

Ascariasis. Pneumonitis + eosinophilia, Loeffler’s syndrome (Larva in Lungs)

A

Migrating larva

50
Q

Appendicitis, billary ascariasis, cognitive and growth impairment
of children.

A

Pot belly (bolus)

51
Q

Sandbox infection:

A

Pot belly (bolus)

52
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Direct microscopy:

A

direct fecal smear, Katothick, Katokatz(WHO gold standard

53
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Serology:

A

ELISA, IFA(Indirect immunofluorescence),

54
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides. Diagnosis. can show the trolley car lines appearance of adult

A

Radiologic-X ray

55
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides .Treatment

A

Albendazole, Mebendazole, Pyrantel pamoate, Pre-treatment with saline laxatives or saline oil before antiparasitic drug administration

56
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Common name:

A

Pinworm or Seatworm

57
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Disease:

A

Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis

58
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Old name:

A

Oxyrius vermicularis

59
Q

Egg Shape: “D shape”, elongated, flattened on one side

A

Enterobius vermicularis

60
Q

It is ineffective for 4-6 hours outside the host. Eggs are very lightweight and may be carried by air into the environment (Airborne)

A

Enterobius vermicularis

61
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Infective stage:

A

Embryonated egg

62
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Diagnostic stage:

A

Embryonated egg

63
Q

Enterobius vermicularis.. The time interval from ingestion of infective eggs to ovi position by the adult females is about ___

A

one month

64
Q

The larvae contained inside the eggs develop(the eggs become infective) in ___ hours under optimal conditions.

A

4 to 6 hours

65
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Maturation in humans is __ to ___ days

A

15 to 26 days

66
Q
A
67
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Female can lay up to ___ eggs at night time, afterdeposition female dies.

A

11,000 eggs

68
Q
A
69
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Natural host:

A

Man

70
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Mode of transmission:

A

Ingestion or Inhalation

71
Q

Pinworm infection

A

Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis

72
Q

The worm produces intense irritation and pruritus of the
perianal and perineal area (pruritis ani)

A

Enterobiasis/Oxyuriasis

73
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Diagnosis

A

Scotch tape swab technique (Graham’s scotch adhesive tape
swab)

74
Q

Enterobius vermicularis. Treatment.

A

Pyrantel pamoate, Albendazole, Mebendazole piperazine

75
Q

Dog and Cat Ascariasis

A

Toxocara canis & Toxocare cati

76
Q

Toxocora canis Other
name

A

Dog ascariasis, Dog roundworm

77
Q

Toxocara cati Other
name

A

Cat ascariasis, Cat roundworm

78
Q

Similar with A. lumbricoides but smaller in size
Body is bent ventrally

A

Toxocara canis & Toxocare cati

79
Q

Bow cervical alae

A

Toxocora canis

80
Q

Arrowhead cervical alae

A

Toxocara cati

81
Q

Dioctophyma renale. Common name:

A

Giant kidney worm

82
Q

Egg: Barrel-shaped, thick pitted shell

A

Dioctophyma renale

83
Q

Intermediate host: Earthworms

A

Dioctophyma renale

84
Q

Dioctophyma renale. Paratenic host:

A

fish and frogs

85
Q

Dioctophyma renale. Incidental host:

A

man

86
Q

Pathogenesis, Destruction of kidney tissues

A

Dioctophyma renale

87
Q

Dioctophyma renale. Specimen of
choice

A

URINE

PARASITOLOGY (15 decks)

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