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Fosforilados > Rheumatology > Flashcards

Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Preferred treatment of life-threatening granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Glucocorticoids plus rituximab

MKSAP 20

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2
Q

Antibodies associated with mixed connective tissue disease

A

Anti–U1-ribonucleoprotein antibodies

MKSAP 20

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3
Q

Antibodies in pregnant patients that increase risk for neonatal lupus erythematosus

A

Anti-Ro/SSA or anti-La/SSB antibodies

MKSAP 20

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4
Q

Antibodies associated with antisynthetase syndrome

A

Anti–aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (commonly anti–Jo-1)

MKSAP 20

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5
Q

Initial treatment of ankylosing spondylitis

A

NSAIDs

MKSAP 20

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6
Q

Insidious onset of proximal and distal symmetric muscle weakness

A

Inclusion body myositis

MKSAP 20

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7
Q

Typical synovial fluid leukocyte count in patients with OA and joint effusion

A

≤2000/µL

MKSAP 20

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8
Q

Inflammatory destructive arthritis of shoulder in older women

A

Basic calcium phosphate deposition (“Milwaukee shoulder”)

MKSAP 20

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9
Q

Most effective maintenance therapy in granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Rituximab

MKSAP 20

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10
Q

Treatment of suspected giant cell arteritis

A

Immediate high-dose glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

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11
Q

Sensitive serum marker of muscle pathology

A

Creatine kinase level

MKSAP 20

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12
Q

Potential causes of CPP deposition in younger patients

A

Hyperparathyroidism, hemochromatosis, hypophosphatasia, or hypomagnesemia

MKSAP 20

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13
Q

Late RA radiographic findings of hands and/or feet

A

Periarticular osteopenia, marginal erosions, joint-space narrowing

MKSAP 20

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14
Q

Noninflammatory synovial cell count

A

<2000/µL

MKSAP 20

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15
Q

Gastrointestinal pathogens associated with reactive arthritis

A

Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia

MKSAP 20

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16
Q

Nonpharmacologic treatments for knee OA

A

Graduated aerobic exercise and strength training

MKSAP 20

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17
Q

Risk assessment for azathioprine-induced myelosuppression

A

Thiopurine methyltransferase enzyme testing

MKSAP 20

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18
Q

Most important modifiable risk factor for knee OA

A

Obesity

MKSAP 20

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19
Q

Coadministration with colchicine reduces hepatic catabolism and could lead to colchicine overdose

A

CYP3A4 inhibitors (such as clarithromycin)

MKSAP 20

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20
Q

Antibodies associated with scleroderma renal crisis

A

Anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies

MKSAP 20

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21
Q

Highly teratogenic RA medications

A

Methotrexate, leflunomide

MKSAP 20

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22
Q

Contraindications to pregnancy in patients with systemic sclerosis

A

Pulmonary artery hypertension and severe restrictive lung disease

MKSAP 20

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23
Q

Antibodies associated with greatest risk for thrombosis in SLE

A

Lupus anticoagulant, anti–β2 glycoprotein, anticardiolipin

MKSAP 20

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24
Q

The three forms of ANCA-associated vasculitis

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

MKSAP 20

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25
Q

Pulmonary manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease

A

Pulmonary arterial hypertension, interstitial lung disease

MKSAP 20

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26
Q

Cardiovascular complication of Kawasaki disease

A

Coronary artery aneurysm

MKSAP 20

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27
Q

MKSAP 20

Common nonpharmacologic measure for rheumatologic diseases

A

Physical therapy

MKSAP 20

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28
Q

Antiepileptic agents for treatment of fibromyalgia

A

Gabapentin and pregabalin

MKSAP 20

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29
Q

Clinical manifestation of acute lupus pneumonitis

A

Cough, dyspnea, fever, hypoxemia, pleuritic chest pain, pulmonary infiltrates

MKSAP 20

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30
Q

Characteristic presentation of scleroderma renal crisis

A

Hypertensive emergency

MKSAP 20

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31
Q

Spondyloarthritis most frequently involving SI joints

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

MKSAP 20

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32
Q

Major cause of death in mixed connective tissue disease

A

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

MKSAP 20

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33
Q

Antibodies specific for primary Sjögren disease

A

Anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies

MKSAP 20

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34
Q

Radiographic findings of established gout

A

Punched-out lesions with overhanging edges of cortical bone

MKSAP 20

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35
Q

Preferred therapy if immunosuppressive agent is imperative in SLE during pregnancy

A

Azathioprine

MKSAP 20

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36
Q

Serious cause of hip pain in SLE

A

Osteonecrosis

MKSAP 20

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37
Q

Prophylaxis effective for most patients when initiating urate-lowering treatment

A

Colchicine

MKSAP 20

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38
Q

Indications for osteoporosis risk assessment in long-term glucocorticoid therapy

A

Taking ≥2.5 mg of prednisone daily for >3 months

MKSAP 20

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39
Q

Rheumatologic diseases most commonly associated with secondary Sjögren disease

A

RA and SLE

MKSAP 20

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40
Q

Widespread chronic pain, nonrestorative sleep, fatigue, cognitive symptoms

A

Fibromyalgia

MKSAP 20

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41
Q

Radiographic findings in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis

A

Confluent right-sided spinal ligamentous ossification of ≥4 contiguous vertebral levels

MKSAP 20

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42
Q

Hematologic complications of methotrexate

A

Macrocytic anemia, pancytopenia

MKSAP 20

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43
Q

Management of severe organ-threatening disease in polyarteritis nodosa

A

Intravenous pulse glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide

MKSAP 20

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44
Q

Screening before TNF inhibitor therapy

A

Latent or active tuberculosis screening, HBV and HCV serologic testing, HIV screening

MKSAP 20

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45
Q

Cause of GI bleeding in systemic sclerosis

A

Gastric antral vascular ectasia

MKSAP 20

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46
Q

Common sites of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis

A

Achilles tendon, plantar fascia

MKSAP 20

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47
Q

Skin rash in reactive arthritis

A

Keratoderma blennorrhagicum

MKSAP 20

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48
Q

Biologic agents for bowel and joint symptoms in enteropathic arthritis

A

TNF inhibitors

MKSAP 20

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49
Q

Initial evaluation for suspected ankylosing spondylitis

A

Radiography of SI joint

MKSAP 20

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50
Q

Prednisone dose for relapse of polymyalgia rheumatica

A

Last dose that controlled disease

MKSAP 20

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51
Q

Time frame for temporal artery biopsy in GCA after starting glucocorticoids

A

At least 1 month

MKSAP 20

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52
Q

Treatment of acute gout flares

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, or glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

53
Q

Concomitant use with azathioprine is relatively contraindicated

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)

MKSAP 20

54
Q

External ear redness and swelling without ear lobe involvement

A

Relapsing polychondritis

MKSAP 20

55
Q

Preferred drug treatment in older patients with OA

A

Topical NSAIDs

MKSAP 20

56
Q

Clinical manifestations of limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

A

Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia

MKSAP 20

57
Q

Most common ocular manifestation in RA

A

Dry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)

MKSAP 20

58
Q

Major benefit of NSAIDs in RA

A

Symptom control

MKSAP 20

59
Q

Nonpharmacologic fibromyalgia therapy

A

Disease education, aerobic exercise, psychosocial support

MKSAP 20

60
Q

Main causes of death in granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Kidney failure and infection

MKSAP 20

61
Q

Treatment of systemic sclerosis–related interstitial lung disease

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

MKSAP 20

62
Q

Painful oral and genital ulcers, uveitis, DVT

A

Behçet syndrome

MKSAP 20

63
Q

Laboratory findings correlating with increased SLE activity

A

Elevated ESR and anti–double-stranded DNA antibody titer, low complement levels

MKSAP 20

64
Q

Pulmonary vascular disease in limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

A

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

MKSAP 20

65
Q

Fever with associated evanescent salmon-colored rash, arthralgias, leukocytosis

A

Adult-onset Still disease

MKSAP 20

66
Q

Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage, pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, positive p-ANCA

A

Microscopic polyangiitis

MKSAP 20

67
Q

Inflammatory marker that may be normal in active SLE

A

C-reactive protein

MKSAP 20

68
Q

One of earliest manifestations of systemic sclerosis

A

Raynaud phenomenon

MKSAP 20

69
Q

Therapy to decrease methotrexate complications

A

Folic acid

MKSAP 20

70
Q

Treatment of scleroderma renal crisis

A

Captopril

MKSAP 20

71
Q

Major cause of excess death in patients with RA

A

Coronary artery disease

MKSAP 20

72
Q

Possible adverse effects of oral NSAIDs

A

GI bleeding and CV events

MKSAP 20

73
Q

Most common neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE

A

Headache, mild cognitive dysfunction, mood disorder

MKSAP 20

74
Q

Definitive knee OA therapy after failure of conservative measures

A

Knee joint replacement

MKSAP 20

75
Q

First imaging modality to assess inflammatory arthritis and OA

A

Radiography

MKSAP 20

76
Q

Radiographic findings in erosive OA

A

Central interphalangeal joint erosions with “gull-wing” deformity

MKSAP 20

77
Q

Rheumatologic conditions associated with higher risk for coexistent fibromyalgia

A

Sjogren disease, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis

MKSAP 20

78
Q

Imaging test in suspected spondyloarthritis with normal radiographs

A

MRI of SI joints

MKSAP 20

79
Q

Treatment of primary CNS angiitis

A

Cyclophosphamide with high-dose glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

80
Q

RA, neutropenia, splenomegaly

A

Felty syndrome

MKSAP 20

81
Q

Benefits of treating RA to remission or low disease activity

A

Less radiographic damage, reduced CV risk, increased work productivity

MKSAP 20

82
Q

MKSAP 20

An infectious cause of mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

Hepatitis C virus infection

MKSAP 20

83
Q

Confirmatory diagnostic test for IgG4-related disease

A

Biopsy of involved tissue

MKSAP 20

84
Q

Cause of airway obstruction in relapsing polychondritis

A

Involvement of tracheal rings

MKSAP 20

85
Q

Most common site of first gout flares in men with gout

A

First metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

MKSAP 20

86
Q

Test for suspected Sjögren disease with negative anti-Ro/SSA antibodies

A

Lip (minor salivary gland) biopsy

MKSAP 20

87
Q

Recommended first-line urate-lowering therapy for gout

A

Allopurinol

MKSAP 20

88
Q

SNRIs approved for fibromyalgia

A

Duloxetine and milnacipran

MKSAP 20

89
Q

Initial prednisone dose for polymyalgia rheumatica

A

12.5-20 mg/d

MKSAP 20

90
Q

Most commonly involved joints in erosive OA

A

DIP and PIP

MKSAP 20

91
Q

Bilateral hilar adenopathy, arthritis, erythema nodosum

A

Löfgren syndrome

MKSAP 20

92
Q

Most specific antibody test for diagnosis of SLE

A

Anti-Smith antibody

MKSAP 20

93
Q

Radiographic findings in psoriatic arthritis

A

Pencil-in-cup deformity

MKSAP 20

94
Q

Diagnostic procedure and tests in acute monoarthritis

A

Joint aspiration and synovial fluid analysis

MKSAP 20

95
Q

GI disease risk in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

A

IBD

MKSAP 20

96
Q

SLE-related annular rash with central clearing or erythematous plaques and papules

A

Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus

MKSAP 20

97
Q

Indications for high-dose glucocorticoids in SLE

A

Profound cytopenias, class III/IV nephritis, seizures, psychosis

MKSAP 20

98
Q

Factors differentiating diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis from ankylosing spondylitis

A

Confluent ossification of spinal ligaments and no SI joint involvement

MKSAP 20

99
Q

Malignancy associated with Sjögren disease

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

MKSAP 20

100
Q

Treatment for most forms of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy

A

Glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

101
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of gout

A

Negatively birefringent, needle-like crystals

MKSAP 20

This refers to the characteristic appearance of urate crystals under polarized light microscopy.

102
Q

Serious pulmonary manifestations of SLE

A

Lupus pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage

MKSAP 20

These are significant complications of systemic lupus erythematosus affecting the lungs.

103
Q

Most sensitive imaging test for bony erosions

A

CT

MKSAP 20

Computed Tomography is superior in detecting early bony changes compared to other imaging modalities.

104
Q

Preoperative imaging in long-standing RA

A

Cervical spine radiography to assess for atlantoaxial subluxation

MKSAP 20

This is important due to the risk of spinal cord injury in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

105
Q

Modifiable risk factor for RA

A

Cigarette smoking

MKSAP 20

Smoking is a known environmental trigger that increases the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.

106
Q

Firm, painless subcutaneous nodules over extensor surfaces of joints and tendons

A

Rheumatoid nodules

MKSAP 20

These nodules are characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis and are typically found in chronic disease.

107
Q

Goal of OA drug therapy

A

Symptom control

MKSAP 20

Treatment focus in osteoarthritis is primarily on alleviating pain and improving function.

108
Q

Genetic testing in patients at high risk for allopurinol hypersensitivity

A

HLA-B*58:01 allele

MKSAP 20

Testing for this allele can help identify patients at risk for severe reactions to allopurinol.

109
Q

Imaging test to identify muscle biopsy location in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

A

MRI

MKSAP 20

Magnetic Resonance Imaging is useful for visualizing muscle inflammation and guiding biopsy.

110
Q

Cause of hoarseness, sore throat, dysphagia, stridor in RA

A

Cricoarytenoid arthritis

MKSAP 20

This condition affects the laryngeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis, leading to airway symptoms.

111
Q

Drug therapy for all patients with SLE without contraindications

A

Hydroxychloroquine

MKSAP 20

Hydroxychloroquine is a cornerstone treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus for its immunomodulatory effects.

112
Q

Main disease-related cause of death in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis

A

Interstitial lung disease

MKSAP 20

Lung involvement is a significant complication leading to increased mortality in systemic sclerosis.

113
Q

Most common organ involved in systemic sclerosis

A

Skin

MKSAP 20

Skin changes are typically the first signs of systemic sclerosis, including sclerosis and thickening.

114
Q

Hypertension, limb claudication, tenderness over carotid arteries in young women

A

Takayasu arteritis

MKSAP 20

This is a large vessel vasculitis that commonly affects young women and can lead to significant vascular complications.

115
Q

Indications for kidney biopsy in SLE

A

Abnormal proteinuria, active urinary sediment, and/or elevated creatinine level

MKSAP 20

These findings suggest renal involvement in lupus and warrant further evaluation.

116
Q

Treatments for fibromyalgia with depression

A

Duloxetine, milnacipran, tricyclic antidepressants

MKSAP 20

These medications address both pain and mood symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia.

117
Q

Most specific serologic test for RA

A

Anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody

MKSAP 20

This test is highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis and aids in diagnosis.

118
Q

IV treatment of recurrent and/or tophaceous gout

A

Pegloticase

MKSAP 20

Pegloticase is used for severe cases of gout that do not respond to conventional therapy.

119
Q

Important cause of morbidity and mortality in dermatomyositis and polymyositis

A

Interstitial lung disease

MKSAP 20

Lung complications significantly impact the prognosis in these inflammatory myopathies.

120
Q

Spondyloarthritis most strongly associated with HLA-B27

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

MKSAP 20

The presence of HLA-B27 is a strong genetic marker for ankylosing spondylitis.

121
Q

Radiographic findings in OA

A

Asymmetric joint-space narrowing, osteophytes, bone cysts, subchondral sclerosis

MKSAP 20

These features are characteristic of osteoarthritis on X-ray imaging.

122
Q

Acute peripheral pauciarticular arthritis with enthesitis and dactylitis

A

Reactive arthritis

MKSAP 20

This condition often follows infections and is characterized by inflammation at tendon insertions.

123
Q

Acute severe myopathy and anti–HMG Co-A reductase antibodies

A

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy

MKSAP 20

This condition is associated with statin use and presents with rapid muscle weakness.

124
Q

Most common pulmonary manifestation of SLE

A

Pleural disease

MKSAP 20

Patients with SLE often experience pleuritis or pleural effusions as part of their disease.

125
Q

Skin finding on eyelids in dermatomyositis

A

Heliotrope rash

MKSAP 20

This violaceous rash is a classic cutaneous manifestation of dermatomyositis.

126
Q

Preferred initial monotherapy for RA

A

Methotrexate

MKSAP 20

Methotrexate is commonly used as a first-line treatment in rheumatoid arthritis.

127
Q

Initial OTC management of sicca symptoms

A

Artificial tears and sugar-free candies

MKSAP 20

These are recommended to alleviate dry mouth and dry eye symptoms.

128
Q

DIP and PIP bony joint hypertrophy in OA

A

Heberden and Bouchard nodes

MKSAP 20

Heberden nodes are found at the DIP joints, while Bouchard nodes are at the PIP joints.

129
Q

Ocular manifestation of reactive arthritis

A

Conjunctivitis

MKSAP 20

Reactive arthritis can lead to inflammation of the eye, including conjunctivitis.

Fosforilados (16 decks)

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