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Fosforilados > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Conditions warranting empiric antibiotics in vertebral osteomyelitis

A

Severe sepsis, progressive neurologic deficit, spinal instability, epidural abscess

MKSAP 20

These conditions indicate a potentially serious infection requiring immediate antibiotic treatment.

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2
Q

Most common cause of recurrent viral meningitis

A

HSV-2

MKSAP 20

Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 is frequently associated with recurrent episodes of viral meningitis.

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3
Q

Intra-erythrocyte ring or tetrad inclusions

A

Babesia infection

MKSAP 20

Babesia is a protozoan parasite that infects red blood cells and can cause malaria-like symptoms.

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4
Q

Treatment for spinal epidural abscess with neurologic symptoms

A

Drainage and antibiotics

MKSAP 20

Immediate intervention is crucial to prevent permanent neurological damage.

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5
Q

Antibiotic treatment of early localized Lyme disease

A

Doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime axetil

MKSAP 20

These antibiotics are effective for early-stage Lyme disease treatment.

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6
Q

Testing beyond urinalysis for women with uncomplicated UTI

A

None

MKSAP 20

Urinalysis is typically sufficient for diagnosing uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

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7
Q

Preferred test to assess for TB infection in patients with previous BCG vaccination

A

IGRA

MKSAP 20

Interferon-gamma release assays are more reliable in BCG-vaccinated individuals.

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8
Q

GI infection that can mimic appendicitis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

MKSAP 20

This bacterium can cause abdominal pain and symptoms similar to appendicitis.

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9
Q

Treatment of esophageal candidiasis

A

Oral fluconazole

MKSAP 20

Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat candidiasis in the esophagus.

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10
Q

Initial treatment of M. tuberculosis infection

A

INH, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol

MKSAP 20

This combination therapy is the standard initial treatment regimen for tuberculosis.

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11
Q

Treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

A

Management of the underlying immunocompromised state

MKSAP 20

Addressing the immunocompromised condition is critical for managing this viral infection.

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12
Q

Recommended therapy for MSSA endocarditis

A

Nafcillin, oxacillin, or cefazolin

MKSAP 20

These antibiotics are effective against Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).

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13
Q

Management of prosthetic joint infection

A

Two-stage procedure with device removal and antibiotic course followed by new device implantation

MKSAP 20

This approach helps ensure complete eradication of infection.

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14
Q

Treatment for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

A

Penicillin and clindamycin

MKSAP 20

This combination targets the bacteria and reduces toxin production.

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15
Q

Treatment for MSSA bacteremia

A

Penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillin or first-generation cephalosporin

MKSAP 20

These antibiotics are chosen for their efficacy against MSSA.

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16
Q

Treatment for outpatient CAP in otherwise healthy patients

A

Amoxicillin, doxycycline, or a macrolide (if regional pneumococcal resistance <25%)

MKSAP 20

These antibiotics are recommended for community-acquired pneumonia in healthy individuals.

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17
Q

Characteristics of varicella rash

A

Centripetal distribution of macules, papules, vesicles at various stages of development

MKSAP 20

The varicella (chickenpox) rash has a distinctive progression and distribution.

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18
Q

Therapeutic drug class for invasive candidiasis without CNS or eye involvement

A

Echinocandins

MKSAP 20

This class of antifungals is preferred for treating serious candidiasis infections.

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19
Q

Best imaging test for evaluation of possible vertebral osteomyelitis

A

MRI with and without contrast

MKSAP 20

MRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting vertebral infections.

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20
Q

Management for uncomplicated coagulase-negative Staphylococcus CLABSI

A

Remove catheter and repeat blood cultures

MKSAP 20

This approach is essential for diagnosing and treating central line-associated bloodstream infections.

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21
Q

Meningitis, cranial neuropathies, mental status changes, SIADH

A

TB meningitis

MKSAP 20

These symptoms are indicative of tuberculosis infection affecting the central nervous system.

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22
Q

Treatment of anaplasmosis

A

Doxycycline

MKSAP 20

Doxycycline is the first-line treatment for infections caused by Anaplasma species.

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23
Q

Prophylaxis for CMV infection

A

Valganciclovir

MKSAP 20

This antiviral medication is used for preventing cytomegalovirus infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.

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24
Q

Neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease

A

Meningitis, facial palsy, radiculopathy

MKSAP 20

Lyme disease can lead to various neurological complications if untreated.

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25
Q

Initial treatment for disseminated histoplasmosis

A

Liposomal amphotericin B

MKSAP 20

This antifungal is used for severe cases of histoplasmosis to control the infection.

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26
Q

Treatment for enterohemorrhagic E. coli

A

Supportive care

MKSAP 20

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27
Q

Test to determine cause of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot infection

A

Bone biopsy

MKSAP 20

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28
Q

Vaccination assessment following animal bite

A

Rabies and tetanus

MKSAP 20

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29
Q

Indications for travelers’ diarrhea prophylaxis

A

IBD or immunocompromise

MKSAP 20

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30
Q

Treatment of asymptomatic catheter-associated bacteriuria

A

None

MKSAP 20

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31
Q

Positive antigen/antibody but negative differentiation immunoassay and HIV RNA

A

False-positive HIV test

MKSAP 20

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32
Q

Diagnostic test for early Zika virus infection

A

Reverse transcriptase PCR on serum and urine

MKSAP 20

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33
Q

Timeframe to begin prophylactic antibiotics for Lyme disease

A

Within 72 hours if tick attached ≥36 hours

MKSAP 20

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34
Q

Intravenous antibiotic treatment for severe cat bite

A

Piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin-sulbactam, imipenem, or meropenem

MKSAP 20

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35
Q

Elective surgeries requiring preop nasal screening for S. aureus

A

Cardiothoracic and orthopedic

MKSAP 20

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36
Q

Infection control for hospitalized TB patients

A

Airborne isolation

MKSAP 20

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37
Q

Lab testing for genital warts

A

None

MKSAP 20

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38
Q

Treatment for purulent skin infection with systemic signs of infection

A

Incision and drainage, then trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or doxycycline

MKSAP 20

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39
Q

Causes of epididymitis in younger sexually active men

A

Gonorrhea and chlamydia

MKSAP 20

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40
Q

“Unmasking” of a previous infection after initiating HIV treatment

A

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

MKSAP 20

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41
Q

Treatment for mild babesiosis

A

Atovaquone plus azithromycin

MKSAP 20

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42
Q

CD4 count associated with increased risk for pneumocystis pneumonia

A

<200/µL

MKSAP 20

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43
Q

Mosquito-borne febrile disease with severe muscle pain

A

Dengue fever

MKSAP 20

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44
Q

Pneumococcal vaccination in unvaccinated patients with HIV

A

20-valent PCV alone or 15-valent PCV followed by 23-valent PPSV

MKSAP 20

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45
Q

Most common causes of chronic meningitis

A

TB and fungi

MKSAP 20

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46
Q

Manifestations of Lyme carditis

A

AV nodal block

MKSAP 20

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47
Q

Treatment of symptomatic cyclospora infection

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

MKSAP 20

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48
Q

Prophylactic treatment for smallpox exposure

A

Vaccinia immunization

MKSAP 20

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49
Q

Recommended CD4 count to initiate ART for HIV infection

A

Any CD4 count

MKSAP 20

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50
Q

Most significant risk factor for C. difficile colitis

A

Antibiotic therapy

MKSAP 20

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51
Q

Induction therapy for cryptococcal meningitis

A

Lipid formulation of amphotericin B plus flucytosine

MKSAP 20

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52
Q

Symptoms associated with leptospirosis after freshwater exposure contaminated with rodent urine

A

Meningitis, uveitis, rash, red conjunctivae, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly

MKSAP 20

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53
Q

CDC criteria for pulmonary TB that is no longer contagious

A

Treated for 2 weeks, clinical improvement, 3 negative sputum smears collected 8 hours apart

MKSAP 20

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54
Q

Recommended treatment for uncomplicated urogenital gonococcal infection if chlamydia infection ruled out

A

Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM once

MKSAP 20

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55
Q

Test for possible tuberculous monoarthritis with unrevealing synovial fluid analysis

A

Synovial biopsy

MKSAP 20

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56
Q

Treatment of uncomplicated brucellosis

A

Extended doxycycline plus rifampin or gentamicin

MKSAP 20

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57
Q

Chlamydia screening and diagnostic test in men

A

Urine NAAT

MKSAP 20

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58
Q

Fungal infection of cutaneous and lymphocutaneous tissue associated with plant exposure

A

Sporotrichosis

MKSAP 20

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59
Q

Test of sputum following positive AFB smear

A

NAAT

MKSAP 20

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60
Q

Medications that are associated with aseptic meningitis

A

NSAIDs, antimicrobial agents, intravenous immune globulin

MKSAP 20

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61
Q

Gonorrhea screening and diagnostic test in women

A

Genital swab NAAT

MKSAP 20

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62
Q

Major risk factors for invasive aspergillosis

A

Neutropenia, HSCT, solid organ transplant, hematologic malignancy

MKSAP 20

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63
Q

Adjunctive therapy for severe CAP in the ICU

A

Glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

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64
Q

PrEP for HIV

A

Tenofovir plus emtricitabine or cabotegravir alone

MKSAP 20

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65
Q

Lyme disease testing for patient with erythema migrans and tick exposure

A

None

MKSAP 20

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66
Q

Symptoms of infection after salt water exposure leading to cellulitis with hemorrhage bullae

A

Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection

MKSAP 20

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67
Q

Characteristic chest radiograph finding of inhalational anthrax

A

Widened mediastinum

MKSAP 20

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68
Q

Treatment for MRSA toxic shock syndrome

A

Vancomycin plus clindamycin

MKSAP 20

69
Q

Cause of hemorrhagic colitis after consuming contaminated beef

A

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli

MKSAP 20

70
Q

Risk factors for nongonococcal gram-negative joint infections

A

Injection drug use, advanced age, traumatic wounds, immunocompromised state

MKSAP 20

71
Q

Mycobacterium species associated with hospital-acquired prosthetic valve endocarditis

A

Mycobacterium chimaera

MKSAP 20

72
Q

HIV postexposure treatment

A

Tenofovir, plus either emtricitabine or lamivudine, plus either dolutegravir or bictegravir (three-drug regimen)

MKSAP 20

73
Q

Treatment for group A Streptococcus necrotizing fasciitis

A

Surgical debridement, penicillin and clindamycin

MKSAP 20

74
Q

Empiric treatment for TB meningitis

A

4-drug anti-TB regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol plus dexamethasone

MKSAP 20

75
Q

Pyelonephritis indications for imaging

A

Fever lasting >72 hours, persistent bacteremia

MKSAP 20

76
Q

Treatment duration for uncomplicated CAP with rapid clinical improvement

A

5 days

MKSAP 20

77
Q

Preferred HIV ART regimen for most patients

A

Three-drug regimen from two different classes, preferably including an integrase inhibitor

MKSAP 20

78
Q

Sensitive assay for acute and disseminated histoplasmosis

A

Histoplasma urinary antigen

MKSAP 20

79
Q

Positive tuberculin skin test in patient with no TB risk factors

A

≥15 mm

MKSAP 20

80
Q

Ground-glass attenuation surrounding nodule on lung CT

A

“Halo sign” associated with invasive aspergillosis

MKSAP 20

81
Q

Initial management of CAUTI

A

Remove catheter and obtain new urinalysis and urine culture

MKSAP 20

82
Q

Treatment for severe C. difficile colitis

A

Oral fidaxomicin (preferred) or oral vancomycin

MKSAP 20

83
Q

Painless violaceous skin nodules in AIDS patient

A

Kaposi sarcoma

MKSAP 20

84
Q

Diagnostic test for suspected genital herpes simplex infection

A

NAAT

MKSAP 20

85
Q

Causes of CAP with exposure to pregnant animals

A

Coxiella burnetii infection (Q fever), Brucella species

MKSAP 20

86
Q

Indications for asymptomatic bacteriuria screening

A

Pregnancy or planned invasive urologic procedure with mucosal bleeding

MKSAP 20

87
Q

Empiric antibiotics for bacterial meningitis, age >50 years

A

Ampicillin plus ceftriaxone plus vancomycin

MKSAP 20

88
Q

Cause of PTLD

A

EBV infection

MKSAP 20

89
Q

Empiric antibiotic therapy for health care–associated meningitis

A

Vancomycin plus either cefepime, ceftazidime, or meropenem

MKSAP 20

90
Q

Preferred antibiotic therapy for MRSA bacteremia

A

Vancomycin or daptomycin

MKSAP 20

91
Q

Treatment duration for VAP

A

≤7 days

MKSAP 20

92
Q

Initial imaging for all new diabetic foot infections

A

Plain radiography

MKSAP 20

93
Q

First-line treatment for invasive aspergillosis

A

Voriconazole

MKSAP 20

94
Q

Impact of continuing SSI prophylactic antibiotics postoperatively

A

None

MKSAP 20

95
Q

Painful ear canal vesicles and Bell palsy

A

Herpes zoster oticus (Ramsay Hunt)

MKSAP 20

96
Q

Management of ART during pregnancy

A

Continue ART

MKSAP 20

97
Q

Most common cause of febrile illness in returning travelers

A

Malaria

MKSAP 20

98
Q

Postexposure treatment for bioterrorism-related anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, or doxycycline plus vaccination

MKSAP 20

99
Q

Initial treatment of primary genital herpes simplex infection

A

Acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir

MKSAP 20

100
Q

Antibiotic therapy for ampicillin-sensitive enterococcal endocarditis

A

Ampicillin plus gentamicin or ampicillin plus ceftriaxone

MKSAP 20

101
Q

Hepatitis A prophylaxis given within 1-2 weeks of travel

A

Single-dose hepatitis A vaccine

MKSAP 20

Recommended for travelers to endemic areas.

102
Q

Prevention of fungal infection after HSCT

A

Posaconazole

MKSAP 20

Used to prevent invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients.

103
Q

The “4 Ds” of botulism

A

Diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia, dysphagia

MKSAP 20

Key clinical features of botulism.

104
Q

Specialized viral testing after HIV diagnosis

A

Genotype viral resistance

MKSAP 20

Important for determining appropriate antiretroviral therapy.

105
Q

Most common agent causing prosthetic joint infection

A

Staphylococci

MKSAP 20

Particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

106
Q

Clinical syndromes of coccidioidomycosis

A

Acute or chronic pulmonary infection, cutaneous infection, meningitis, osteoarticular infection

MKSAP 20

Caused by Coccidioides species.

107
Q

High-risk features for invasive Salmonella infection

A

Age ≥50 years with significant joint disease or valvular, endovascular, or cardiac disease; immunocompromise; age ≥65 years

MKSAP 20

These factors increase susceptibility to severe infections.

108
Q

Malaria infections associated with potentially high levels of parasitemia

A

P. falciparum and P. knowlesi

MKSAP 20

Both can cause severe malaria and high parasite loads.

109
Q

Treatment of severe travelers’ diarrhea in SE Asia

A

Azithromycin

MKSAP 20

Recommended for bacterial causes of diarrhea.

110
Q

Duration of IV acyclovir therapy for HSV encephalitis

A

14-21 days

MKSAP 20

Essential for effective treatment of this serious condition.

111
Q

Major complication of Zika virus infection in women

A

Fetal malformation

MKSAP 20

Associated with congenital Zika syndrome.

112
Q

Common source of Campylobacter infection

A

Undercooked poultry

MKSAP 20

A leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide.

113
Q

Recommended diagnostic studies for causative organism in outpatients with CAP

A

None

MKSAP 20

Clinical diagnosis is often sufficient in outpatients.

114
Q

Positive tuberculin skin test in HIV-positive patient

A

≥5 mm

MKSAP 20

Indicates significant exposure or infection risk.

115
Q

GI illness from reptiles and amphibians

A

Nontyphoidal salmonella

MKSAP 20

Commonly transmitted through contact with reptiles.

116
Q

Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer–related osteomyelitis

A

Exposed bone, diameter >2 cm, nonhealing

MKSAP 20

Indicators of possible osteomyelitis in diabetic patients.

117
Q

CD4 count associated with increased risk for MAC infection

A

<50/µL

MKSAP 20

Mycobacterium avium complex infections are a concern in advanced HIV.

118
Q

Most cost-effective, specific initial imaging test for osteomyelitis if symptoms present for at least 14 days

A

Plain radiography

MKSAP 20

First-line imaging modality for suspected osteomyelitis.

119
Q

CSF WBC >1000/µL, neutrophil predominance, glucose <40 mg/dL, protein 100-500 mg/dL

A

Bacterial meningitis

MKSAP 20

Classic findings in the cerebrospinal fluid analysis.

120
Q

Management of infected human bites to the hand

A

Antibiotics plus surgical evaluation

MKSAP 20

Essential to prevent complications from bite wounds.

121
Q

Neuraminidase inhibitor treatments for influenza

A

Oseltamivir (oral), zanamivir (inhaled), peramivir (IV)

MKSAP 20

Effective antiviral options for treating influenza.

122
Q

Noninfectious encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma in young women

A

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis

MKSAP 20

A serious autoimmune condition.

123
Q

Foundation of infection prevention

A

Hand hygiene

MKSAP 20

Critical in reducing transmission of infections.

124
Q

MKSAP 20

Treatment of bacterial joint infection

A

Antimicrobial therapy and joint drainage

MKSAP 20

Necessary for effective management of joint infections.

125
Q

Antibiotics for osteomyelitis and retained orthopedic hardware

A

An antistaphylococcal agent to which the organism is sensitive, plus rifampin (if sensitive)

MKSAP 20

Important for treating infections associated with orthopedic implants.

126
Q

Antibiotic treatment for mild nonpurulent cellulitis

A

Clindamycin, penicillin, cephalexin, dicloxacillin

MKSAP 20

127
Q

Indications to stop pneumocystis prophylaxis in HIV-treated patients

A

CD4 count ≥200/µL for ≥3 months

MKSAP 20

128
Q

Diagnostic testing for SSI

A

Culture of drainage, purulent fluid, or infected tissue

MKSAP 20

129
Q

Management of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis

A

Extensive surgical debridement and early antifungal therapy

MKSAP 20

130
Q

Positive HIV antigen/antibody, negative differentiation immunoassay, positive RNA NAAT indicates

A

Acute HIV infection

MKSAP 20

131
Q

Painless, indurated genital ulcer is characteristic of

A

Chancre of primary syphilis

MKSAP 20

132
Q

Cause of swimming pool–related diarrhea

A

Cryptosporidium

MKSAP 20

133
Q

Most common manifestation of secondary syphilis

A

Rash with involvement of palms and soles

MKSAP 20

134
Q

Posttransplant fever in the middle to late posttransplant period, lymphadenopathy, extranodal mass indicates

A

PTLD

MKSAP 20

135
Q

Synovial fluid leukocyte count in infectious arthritis is

A

> 50,000/µL

MKSAP 20

136
Q

MKSAP 20

Recommended oral antibiotic treatment for uncomplicated pyelonephritis is

A

7 days ciprofloxacin or 5 days levofloxacin

MKSAP 20

137
Q

Daptomycin outpatient therapy monitoring includes

A

Weekly creatinine and creatine kinase

MKSAP 20

138
Q

Initial treatment of symptomatic amebiasis

A

Metronidazole or tinidazole

MKSAP 20

139
Q

Prophylactic antibiotic indications in women with recurrent UTI are

A

≥3 UTIs in 12 months or ≥2 in 6 months

MKSAP 20

140
Q

Gram-negative coccobacilli with “safety pin” shape is

A

Yersinia pestis

MKSAP 20

141
Q

Musculoskeletal side effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is

A

Tendinitis and tendon rupture

MKSAP 20

142
Q

Most common organism causing vertebral osteomyelitis is

A

S. aureus

MKSAP 20

143
Q

Common organ-specific manifestations of CMV infection include

A
  • Pneumonia
  • Encephalitis
  • Esophagitis
  • Colitis

MKSAP 20

144
Q

Treatment duration for uncomplicated non-S. aureus CLABSI is

A

7-14 days

MKSAP 20

145
Q

HME peripheral blood smear finding is

A

Morulae

MKSAP 20

146
Q

Hallmark finding in Rocky Mountain spotted fever is

A

Delayed macular rash around ankles and wrists followed by central spread, progressing to petechiae or purpura

MKSAP 20

147
Q

Management of ART during immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is to

A

Continue ART

MKSAP 20

148
Q

Evaluation of watery diarrhea of <3 days’ duration in healthy patients results in

A

None

MKSAP 20

149
Q

ICU CAP treatment includes

A

3rd-generation cephalosporin or ampicillin-sulbactam plus a macrolide or respiratory fluoroquinolone

MKSAP 20

150
Q

Daily protocol to prevent CLABSI includes

A

Assessment of ongoing need for central line

MKSAP 20

151
Q

Strategy to determine need for CMV treatment after HSCT

A

NAAT monitoring for CMV viremia

MKSAP 20

NAAT stands for nucleic acid amplification testing, which is used for detecting viral infections.

152
Q

Osteomyelitis imaging after negative radiography

A

MRI with and without contrast

MKSAP 20

MRI is preferred for better visualization of bone and soft tissue involvement.

153
Q

Treatment of uncomplicated Salmonella infection in patients aged <50 years

A

Supportive care

MKSAP 20

Antibiotics are generally not recommended for uncomplicated cases.

154
Q

Treatment for MSSA toxic shock syndrome

A

Nafcillin or cefazolin combined with clindamycin

MKSAP 20

Clindamycin is used for its ability to inhibit toxin production.

155
Q

Symptoms of disseminated gonococcal infection

A

Tenosynovitis, migratory polyarthralgia, and vesiculopustular rash

MKSAP 20

These symptoms may indicate a systemic spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

156
Q

Chronic skin infection after contact with fish tanks, fish, shellfish

A

Mycobacterium marinum

MKSAP 20

This bacterium is associated with aquatic environments and can cause skin infections.

157
Q

Most common reason for blood culture–negative endocarditis

A

Pre-culture antibiotic administration

MKSAP 20

Antibiotics can inhibit bacterial growth, leading to negative cultures.

158
Q

Prophylactic antibiotic treatment for a complicated dog bite

A

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

MKSAP 20

This antibiotic combination covers both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria commonly found in dog bites.

159
Q

Risk factors for vertebral osteomyelitis

A

Older age, immunocompromise, indwelling catheters, hemodialysis, injection drug use, previous spinal surgery, degenerative disease

MKSAP 20

These factors increase susceptibility to infections of the spine.

160
Q

CSF test highly sensitive for cryptococcal meningitis

A

Cryptococcal antigen

MKSAP 20

This test detects the presence of cryptococcal polysaccharide in cerebrospinal fluid.

161
Q

CD4 count associated with increased risk for toxoplasmosis

A

<100/µL

MKSAP 20

A low CD4 count indicates a weakened immune system, increasing susceptibility to opportunistic infections.

162
Q

Treatment for symptomatic giardiasis

A

Metronidazole, tinidazole, or nitazoxanide

MKSAP 20

These medications are effective against Giardia lamblia.

163
Q

Adjunctive bacterial meningitis treatment

A

Dexamethasone

MKSAP 20

Dexamethasone is used to reduce inflammation and complications associated with bacterial meningitis.

164
Q

Diagnostic test for VZV encephalitis without vasculopathy

A

CSF PCR

MKSAP 20

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing can detect varicella-zoster virus in the cerebrospinal fluid.

165
Q

Neisseria serogroup not covered by the quadrivalent conjugate meningococcal vaccine

A

Serogroup B

MKSAP 20

The quadrivalent vaccine covers serogroups A, C, W, and Y but not B.

166
Q

Treatment for symptomatic coccidioidomycosis

A

Fluconazole

MKSAP 20

Fluconazole is an antifungal medication effective against Coccidioides species.

167
Q

Symptoms of typhoid fever

A

Fever, relative bradycardia, abdominal pain, ‘rose spot’ rash

MKSAP 20

These are classical signs of typhoid fever caused by Salmonella Typhi.

168
Q

Rapid sensitive and specific test for C. difficile colitis

A

NAAT for C. difficile toxin genes

MKSAP 20

NAAT is used for its high sensitivity in detecting C. difficile infections.

169
Q

Treatment of fulminant C. difficile colitis

A

Oral vancomycin, IV metronidazole; vancomycin enema if ileus is present

MKSAP 20

This treatment approach addresses severe cases of C. difficile colitis.

Fosforilados (16 decks)

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