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Fosforilados > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Pruritic skin-colored papules appearing within hours of sun exposure

A

Polymorphous light eruption

MKSAP 20

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2
Q

Part of the body where adverse effects of high-potency topical glucocorticoids are most commonly seen

A

Face and intertriginous areas (e.g., skin folds)

MKSAP 20

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3
Q

Diagnosis of pink papules and pustules on central face in middle-aged to older patients

A

Rosacea

MKSAP 20

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4
Q

Typical rash of DIHS

A

Morbilliform exanthem starting on face/upper trunk and spreading distally

MKSAP 20

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5
Q

Topical acne treatments safe in pregnancy

A

Clindamycin, azelaic acid, erythromycin

MKSAP 20

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6
Q

Increased skin fragility of hands and hypertrichosis in sun-exposed areas

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda

MKSAP 20

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7
Q

Risk associated with multiple dysplastic nevi

A

Melanoma

MKSAP 20

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8
Q

Treatment for severe nodulocystic or recalcitrant acne

A

Oral isotretinoin

MKSAP 20

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9
Q

Alopecia secondary to hair twisting/pulling

A

Traumatic alopecia

MKSAP 20

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10
Q

Diagnosis of infection-related skin erosions with honey-colored crust

A

Impetigo

MKSAP 20

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11
Q

Nail findings of psoriasis

A

Pitting, onycholysis, “oil spots,” nail plate thickening

MKSAP 20

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12
Q

Treatment of scabies

A

Permethrin or ivermectin

MKSAP 20

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13
Q

Diagnosis of facial pustules within several days of starting antibiotics

A

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis

MKSAP 20

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14
Q

Diagnosis of blistering disease associated with urticarial plaques progressing to tense bullae

A

Bullous pemphigoid

MKSAP 20

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15
Q

Diagnosis for circinate plaques occurring at same location with repeat exposure

A

Fixed drug reaction

MKSAP 20

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16
Q

Poxvirus causing umbilicated, flesh-colored papules anywhere on the skin but typically in the genital areas

A

Molluscum contagiosum

MKSAP 20

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17
Q

Primary treatment of comedonal and inflammatory acne

A

Topical retinoids

MKSAP 20

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18
Q

Well-circumscribed round patches of nonscarring acute hair loss

A

Alopecia areata

MKSAP 20

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19
Q

Tan papule on leg that “dimples” when squeezed

A

Dermatofibroma

MKSAP 20

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20
Q

DIHS treatment

A

Discontinue causative drug, glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

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21
Q

Diagnosis of dermatitis involving skin folds

A

Intertrigo

MKSAP 20

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22
Q

Systemic manifestations of SJS/TEN vs. erythema multiforme minor

A

Systemic manifestations are common in SJS/TEN; systemic manifestations do not occur in erythema multiforme minor

MKSAP 20

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23
Q

Diagnosis of edema, erythema, pruritus on the lower legs

A

Stasis dermatitis

MKSAP 20

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24
Q

Diagnosis for asymptomatic hyperpigmented oval macules on trunk that can coalesce into patches

A

Pityriasis versicolor

MKSAP 20

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25
Q

Blue-black nodular skin cancer

A

Nodular melanoma

MKSAP 20

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26
Q

Common metal found in everyday items causing contact dermatitis

A

Nickel

MKSAP 20

Nickel is a common allergen in jewelry and household items, leading to allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

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27
Q

Indications for treatment of onychomycosis

A

Discomfort, recurrent associated cellulitis, risk factors for cellulitis

MKSAP 20

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails that can lead to significant discomfort and complications.

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28
Q

Primary atopic dermatitis treatment

A

Topical glucocorticoids, non–soap-based cleansers and moisturizers

MKSAP 20

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition often treated with corticosteroids.

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29
Q

Vitamin deficiency most associated with erythema in sun-exposed areas resembling a sunburn and evolving into a scaling hyperpigmented rash

A

Niacin deficiency

MKSAP 20

Niacin deficiency can lead to Pellagra, characterized by the three D’s: dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

30
Q

Primary treatment of localized psoriasis

A

Topical glucocorticoids

MKSAP 20

Topical glucocorticoids are commonly used to reduce inflammation and scaling in localized psoriasis.

31
Q

Malignant diseases most commonly associated with pruritus

A

Hodgkin lymphoma, polycythemia vera

MKSAP 20

Pruritus can be a significant symptom in hematological malignancies such as Hodgkin lymphoma.

32
Q

Treatment of dermatophytosis on non–hair-bearing skin

A

Topical terbinafine or imidazole cream

MKSAP 20

Dermatophytosis, or ringworm, can be effectively treated with antifungal creams.

33
Q

Disease most commonly associated with dermatitis herpetiformis

A

Celiac disease

MKSAP 20

Dermatitis herpetiformis is a cutaneous manifestation of gluten sensitivity associated with celiac disease.

34
Q

Hematologic conditions associated with Sweet syndrome

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome, AML

MKSAP 20

Sweet syndrome is characterized by fever and painful skin lesions, often linked to hematologic conditions.

35
Q

Pearly or translucent nodule or papule with arborizing telangiectasias, often with central depression with rolled waxy border

A

Nodular basal cell carcinoma

MKSAP 20

Nodular basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, often found on sun-exposed areas.

36
Q

Over-the-counter treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

A

Selenium sulfide or zinc pyrithione shampoos

MKSAP 20

These treatments are effective in managing seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp.

37
Q

Cause of linearly arranged pruritic papules found in the morning

A

Bed bug bites

MKSAP 20

Bed bug bites typically present as pruritic papules in a linear arrangement due to their feeding pattern.

38
Q

Topical treatment for impetigo

A

Mupirocin or retapamulin

MKSAP 20

Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection primarily treated with topical antibiotics.

39
Q

Rapidly growing volcaniform skin tumor

A

Keratoacanthoma

MKSAP 20

Keratoacanthoma is a type of skin tumor that often resembles squamous cell carcinoma.

40
Q

Typical areas of involvement for SJS/TEN vs. erythema multiforme

A

SJS/TEN: trunk and face; erythema multiforme: extremities

MKSAP 20

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have more severe systemic involvement compared to erythema multiforme.

41
Q

Characteristics of candidal intertrigo

A

Erythematous patches with satellite macerated pustules

MKSAP 20

Candidal intertrigo is a fungal infection commonly found in skin folds.

42
Q

Class of topical immunomodulators used to treat atopic dermatitis on the face and skin folds

A

Topical calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)

MKSAP 20

These medications are used for sensitive areas to avoid the side effects of long-term steroid use.

43
Q

Hand dermatitis accompanied by foot involvement

A

Tinea (two feet–one hand syndrome)

MKSAP 20

This condition is often associated with a fungal infection affecting both feet and one hand.

44
Q

Longitudinal brown pigmentation of nail plate

A

Melanonychia

MKSAP 20

Melanonychia can be benign or a sign of underlying pathology, including melanoma.

45
Q

Skin cancer presenting with pink, scaly indurated plaque

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

MKSAP 20

Squamous cell carcinoma is a common skin cancer that can arise from actinic keratosis.

46
Q

Patchy hyperpigmentation of the face occurring during pregnancy

A

Melasma (chloasma, mask of pregnancy)

MKSAP 20

Melasma is often exacerbated by sun exposure and hormonal changes during pregnancy.

47
Q

Typical time of onset of exanthematous drug eruption

A

First or second week after drug exposure

MKSAP 20

Drug eruptions typically occur after the patient has been exposed to the offending agent for a few days.

48
Q

Topical treatments for papulopustular rosacea

A

Metronidazole, azelaic acid, ivermectin

MKSAP 20

These topical agents are commonly used to manage the inflammatory lesions of rosacea.

49
Q

Pregnancy-related panniculitis of anterior legs

A

Erythema nodosum

MKSAP 20

Erythema nodosum is characterized by painful, erythematous nodules, often triggered by pregnancy or infections.

50
Q

Key features of SJS and TEN

A

Full-thickness epidermal necrosis with mucous membrane involvement

MKSAP 20

SJS and TEN are severe skin reactions that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

51
Q

Treatment of dermatophytosis on hair-bearing skin

A

Oral antifungal agents (terbinafine or itraconazole)

MKSAP 20

Dermatophytosis refers to fungal infections affecting the skin, hair, and nails

52
Q

Depigmented, symmetric, well-demarcated macules without scale

A

Vitiligo

MKSAP 20

Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition resulting in the loss of skin pigmentation

53
Q

Diagnosis of rash associated with single annular plaque with fine scaling, typically on the trunk

A

Pityriasis rosea (herald patch)

MKSAP 20

Pityriasis rosea is often characterized by a herald patch followed by a rash

54
Q

Highest-potency formulation among dermatologic ointments, solutions, and suspensions

A

Ointments

MKSAP 20

Ointments are thicker and provide better occlusion than other formulations

55
Q

Pigmented macule with a surrounding hypopigmentation

A

Halo nevus

MKSAP 20

A halo nevus is a benign mole that may be surrounded by a lighter skin area

56
Q

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma precursor

A

Actinic keratosis

MKSAP 20

Actinic keratosis is caused by sun damage and can progress to squamous cell carcinoma

57
Q

“Stuck on” brown or black papules/plaques

A

Seborrheic keratosis

MKSAP 20

Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign skin tumor that appears as a raised lesion

58
Q

Three-color targetoid lesions on face and acral sites

A

Erythema multiforme

MKSAP 20

Erythema multiforme is often a hypersensitivity reaction to infections or medications

59
Q

Primary prognostic feature for melanoma

A

Depth of invasion (Breslow depth)

MKSAP 20

Breslow depth measures the thickness of the melanoma and is critical for prognosis

60
Q

ABCDEs of melanoma

A

Asymmetry, irregular Border, multiple Colors, Diameter >6 mm, Evolution

MKSAP 20

These criteria help in identifying potential melanomas during skin examinations

61
Q

Diagnosis for pruritic papules and burrows in interdigital spaces

A

Scabies

MKSAP 20

Scabies is caused by a mite infestation, leading to intense itching and rash

62
Q

Diagnosis of flaccid oral/mucosal bullae leaving erosions upon rupture

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

MKSAP 20

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes

63
Q

Treatment of pruritus from inflammatory skin conditions

A

Topical glucocorticoids and emollients

MKSAP 20

These treatments help reduce inflammation and soothe the skin

64
Q

Eczema characterized by vesicles on sides of fingers

A

Dyshidrotic (pompholyx)

MKSAP 20

Dyshidrotic eczema presents as small blisters on the palms and soles

65
Q

Diagnosis of annular scaly patch with central clearing

A

Tinea infection

MKSAP 20

Tinea infections are fungal infections that can present with ring-like lesions

66
Q

Systemic glucocorticoid treatment duration for severe contact dermatitis

A

2-3 weeks

MKSAP 20

Systemic glucocorticoids are used to manage severe inflammation in contact dermatitis

67
Q

Diagnostic procedure for tinea

A

KOH examination of scale

MKSAP 20

This test helps visualize fungal elements under a microscope

68
Q

Treatment of acute paronychia

A

Warm compresses; incision and drainage; oral antibiotics in severe cases

MKSAP 20

Acute paronychia is an infection of the nail fold that may require drainage

69
Q

Vitamin deficiency most associated with “corkscrew” hairs, perifollicular hemorrhage, and follicular hyperkeratotic papules

A

Vitamin C

MKSAP 20

This deficiency leads to scurvy, which affects collagen synthesis

70
Q

Topical drug combination to avoid in fungal treatment

A

Glucocorticoid-antifungal combination

MKSAP 20

This combination can inhibit the antifungal’s effectiveness

Fosforilados (16 decks)

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