Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Fosforilados > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the posttreatment surveillance for ovarian cancer?

A

Periodic history and physical exam

MKSAP 20

Regular monitoring is essential to detect recurrence early.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the treatments for symptomatic hypercalcemia of malignancy?

A

IV normal saline, calcitonin, bisphosphate (e.g., zoledronic acid) or denosumab

MKSAP 20

These treatments help lower calcium levels in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which cancer is associated with chest wall radiation?

A

Breast cancer

MKSAP 20

Radiation therapy to the chest wall can lead to secondary malignancies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the role of PET in colorectal cancer management?

A

None

MKSAP 20

PET scans are not used for routine management of colorectal cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the indications for breast conservation therapy in invasive breast cancer?

A

Cancers 5 cm or smaller, without skin involvement, and with clear margins after excision

MKSAP 20

These criteria help determine eligibility for conserving breast tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does a positive p16 stain indicate in oropharynx cancer?

A

HPV positive

MKSAP 20

This indicates an association with human papillomavirus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the management for advanced-stage large B-cell lymphomas?

A

Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP)

MKSAP 20

This chemotherapy regimen is standard for treating this type of lymphoma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the prevention method for BRCA-variant ovarian cancer?

A

Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

MKSAP 20

This surgical procedure significantly reduces the risk of ovarian cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the second most common cause of death in patients with malignancy?

A

Venous thromboembolism

MKSAP 20

Cancer patients are at a higher risk for blood clots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What reduces fracture risk in men with castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer?

A

Bisphosphonates or denosumab

MKSAP 20

These medications help maintain bone density.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the likely primary of isolated axillary lymph-node adenocarcinoma in a woman?

A

Stage II breast cancer

MKSAP 20

Breast cancer often presents with axillary lymph node involvement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the toxicities associated with trastuzumab?

A

Infusion reactions and reversible cardiomyopathy

MKSAP 20

Monitoring is necessary due to cardiac risks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the initial management for nonfunctional metastatic neuroendocrine tumors?

A

Observation and serial imaging

MKSAP 20

This approach is used when tumors are asymptomatic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What testing is required for all patients with metastatic NSCLC to guide therapy?

A

PD-L1 expression

MKSAP 20

This test helps determine the suitability for immunotherapy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the treatment for metastatic NSCLC in the absence of driver mutations?

A

Platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy

MKSAP 20

This combination is standard treatment for such cases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the treatment for high-risk prostate cancer?

A

Combined radiation and GnRH therapy

MKSAP 20

This approach enhances treatment effectiveness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the initial therapy for locally advanced premenopausal breast cancer?

A

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy

MKSAP 20

This therapy is administered before surgery to shrink tumors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the treatment for nonresectable early-stage lung cancer?

A

Radiation therapy

MKSAP 20

This is used when surgery is not an option.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the management of lymphedema after axillary dissection?

A

Physical therapy

MKSAP 20

This treatment helps manage swelling and improve function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What tumor markers are used to assess poorly differentiated CUP with mediastinal adenopathy?

A

α-fetoprotein and β-HCG

MKSAP 20

These markers can indicate specific types of cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

True or False: Current immunotherapies are effective for mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancers.

A

False

MKSAP 20

These cancers do not respond well to current immunotherapy options.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What breast cancer hormone therapy is associated with musculoskeletal syndrome?

A

Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole, anastrozole)

MKSAP 20

These medications can cause joint pain and stiffness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the cervical cancer screening recommendation after hysterectomy for benign disease?

A

None

MKSAP 20

Women who have had a hysterectomy for non-cancerous reasons do not need screening.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What therapy is recommended following the resection of high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors?

A

Imatinib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor)

MKSAP 20

This medication targets specific cancer cell signaling pathways.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What antibody potentiates metastatic colon cancer chemotherapy?
Bevacizumab | MKSAP 20 ## Footnote This drug enhances the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inhibiting angiogenesis.
26
Role of myeloid growth factors in treatment of neutropenia without fever
Not indicated | MKSAP 20
27
USPSTF-recommended strategy for choosing colorectal cancer screening test
Use test most likely to be completed | MKSAP 20
28
Erythroderma, circulating malignant T cells
Sézary syndrome | MKSAP 20
29
Stage II-III non–small cell lung cancer treatment
Surgery and cisplatin-based chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
30
Treatment of metastatic NSCLC positive for PD-L1
Pembrolizumab | MKSAP 20
31
Stage II or III rectal cancer adjuvant treatment options
Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
32
USPSTF indication for prostate cancer screening in men aged 55-69 years
Patient preference after shared decision-making discussion | MKSAP 20
33
Low-risk stage I colorectal cancer adjuvant treatment
None | MKSAP 20
34
Procedure to determine esophageal cancer depth and involved lymph nodes
Endoscopic ultrasonography | MKSAP 20
35
Prognosis of right-sided versus left-sided colorectal cancers
Worse prognosis | MKSAP 20
36
Genetic variant indication for annual mammography and breast MRI
BRCA variant | MKSAP 20
37
Localized melanoma prognostic determinant
Depth of tumor invasion | MKSAP 20
38
Resected pancreatic cancer adjuvant treatment
Chemotherapy (gemcitabine, capecitabine) | MKSAP 20
39
Fertility-preserving treatment in stage IA cervical cancer
Conization | MKSAP 20
40
Prevent flare reactions when starting GnRH agonist for metastatic prostate cancer
Antiandrogen therapy | MKSAP 20
41
Stage I rectal cancer treatment
Surgical resection | MKSAP 20
42
Painful bone metastases treatment
Radiation therapy | MKSAP 20
43
Management of asymptomatic advanced-stage follicular lymphoma without bulky disease
Observation | MKSAP 20
44
Infection associated with Burkitt lymphoma
Epstein-Barr virus | MKSAP 20
45
Complication of cranial irradiation in older patients with SCLC
Cognitive impairment | MKSAP 20
46
Assessment of pulmonary reserve in potential surgical candidates with lung cancer
FEV1 and Dlco | MKSAP 20
47
Liver metastases, diarrhea, facial flushing
Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (formerly called carcinoid tumors) | MKSAP 20
48
Role of renal biopsy if CT findings are pathognomonic for renal cell cancer
Not indicated | MKSAP 20
49
Lung cancer associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Small cell lung cancer | MKSAP 20
50
Initial treatment of symptomatic brain metastases
Glucocorticoids | MKSAP 20
51
Diagnostic procedure for suspected lymphoma
Lymph node excisional or core biopsy | MKSAP 20
52
Gene expression arrays for the diagnosis of CUP
Not indicated | MKSAP 20
53
Genetic testing for women with epithelial ovarian cancer
BRCA1 and BRCA2 | MKSAP 20
54
Treatment of CUP with poor performance status and multiple comorbidities
Hospice care | MKSAP 20
55
Major chemotherapeutic agent for most metastatic colorectal cancers
5-FU | MKSAP 20
56
Anal cancer–associated virus
HPV | MKSAP 20
57
Mammogram features of ductal carcinoma in situ
Calcifications | MKSAP 20
58
Breast cancer screening for average-risk women with increased breast density
Mammography | MKSAP 20
59
Antiestrogen therapy not effective in premenopausal women
Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole, anastrozole) | MKSAP 20
60
Effective cervical cancer prevention
HPV vaccination | MKSAP 20
61
Treatment of stage III ovarian cancer after surgical debulking
IV and intraperitoneal chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
62
Most common gynecologic cancer worldwide
Endometrial cancer, occurring mostly in postmenopausal women | MKSAP 20
63
Treatment of H pylori-associated gastric MALT
PPI plus antibiotics | MKSAP 20
64
Bone complication of androgen deprivation therapy
Osteoporosis | MKSAP 20
65
Management of double-hit lymphoma
Aggressive chemotherapy regimens other than R-CHOP | MKSAP 20
66
Treatment of hairy cell leukemia
Chemotherapy with cladribine or pentostatin | MKSAP 20
67
Lymphoma, Reed-Sternberg cells
Hodgkin lymphoma | MKSAP 20
68
Nontreatment option for low-risk prostate cancer
Active surveillance | MKSAP 20
69
Role of routine surveillance blood tests and imaging studies after breast cancer treatment
None | MKSAP 20
70
Cervical cancer posttreatment surveillance
Periodic history and physical exam | MKSAP 20
71
Likely primary of CUP presenting as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy
Head and neck cancer | MKSAP 20
72
Metastatic NSCLC cancer treatment after response to first-line chemotherapy
Maintenance chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
73
Adjuvant treatment of premenopausal, hormone receptor-positive, low-risk breast cancer
Tamoxifen | MKSAP 20
74
Age to stop cervical cancer screening in non–high-risk women
Age 65 years if past screening is adequate | MKSAP 20
75
Infection associated with gastric MALT lymphoma
Helicobacter pylori | MKSAP 20
76
Surgical approach to diagnose testicular cancer
Radical inguinal orchiectomy; avoid needle biopsy | MKSAP 20
77
Young patient from Africa with large jaw mass
Burkitt lymphoma | MKSAP 20
78
Elevated lymphocyte count, smudge cells, lymphadenopathy
CLL | MKSAP 20
79
Syndrome of dyspnea, facial swelling, and mediastinal mass
Superior vena cava syndrome | MKSAP 20
80
Treatment of limited SCLC
Concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy | MKSAP 20
81
Prerequisite to chemotherapy in reproductive-age men and women
Fertility preservation counseling | MKSAP 20
82
Infectious agent with increased risk for oropharynx cancers
HPV | MKSAP 20
83
Treatment of rapidly recurring malignant pleural effusion
Indwelling pleural catheter or pleurodesis | MKSAP 20
84
Role of routine PET scans in pancreatic cancer management
None | MKSAP 20
85
Treatment of locally invasive advanced anal cancer
Radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
86
Chemotherapeutic agent most commonly associated with acute kidney injury
Cisplatin | MKSAP 20
87
Genetic testing for metastatic prostate cancer
BRCA gene variant | MKSAP 20
88
Molecular analysis for all metastatic colorectal cancer
KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, mismatch repair genes; HER2 amplification status | MKSAP 20
89
Role of HPV vaccination in anal cancer treatment or posttreatment
None | MKSAP 20
90
Breast cancer mimic of infectious mastitis
Inflammatory breast cancer | MKSAP 20
91
Most common site of testicular cancer metastases
Retroperitoneal lymph nodes | MKSAP 20
92
Diagnostic management of presumed breast cancer metastases
Biopsy; assess hormone receptor, HER2, and biomarker status | MKSAP 20
93
Fertility preservation in women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy
Oocyte or embryo banking before chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
94
Staging of Hodgkin lymphoma
Physical exam, PET/CT | MKSAP 20
95
Erythrocytosis, markedly elevated erythropoietin, hematuria
Renal cell cancer | MKSAP 20
96
Treatment of breast cancer with bone metastases
Chemotherapy and bisphosphonates | MKSAP 20
97
Day 1 treatment complication of Burkitt lymphoma
Tumor lysis syndrome | MKSAP 20
98
Secondary prevention of chemotherapy-related febrile neutropenia
G-CSF | MKSAP 20
99
Treatment of breast cancer with HER2 overexpression
Trastuzumab | MKSAP 20
100
Checkpoint inhibitor toxicity
Autoimmune diseases | MKSAP 20
101
Biopsy procedure for suspected head and neck cancer
Fine-needle aspiration | MKSAP 20
102
Primary treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Cystectomy | MKSAP 20
103
Preferred term for progression-free survival
Progression-free interval | MKSAP 20
104
Management of asymptomatic early-stage prostate cancer with multiple comorbidities
Observation | MKSAP 20
105
Hormonal testing for upper gastrointestinal tumors
HER2 | MKSAP 20
106
Management of nocturnal hot flushes after breast cancer therapy
Gabapentin | MKSAP 20
107
Test to establish the diagnosis of CLL
Peripheral blood flow cytometry | MKSAP 20
108
American Cancer Society preferred cervical screening strategy
High-risk HPV screening every 5 years starting at age 25 years | MKSAP 20
109
Terminology for follicular lymphoma with new systemic symptoms and rapid progression of localized disease
Transformed follicular lymphoma | MKSAP 20
110
Surgical breast cancer staging with clinically negative axillary nodes
Sentinel node biopsy | MKSAP 20
111
Stage III colorectal cancer adjuvant treatment
Chemotherapy (e.g., FOLFOX) | MKSAP 20
112
Chemotherapeutic agents causing hand-foot syndrome
5-FU and capecitabine (fluoropyrimidines) | MKSAP 20
113
Likely primary of poorly differentiated carcinoma presenting as midline lymphadenopathy
Germ cell cancer | MKSAP 20
114
Common CLL-related autoimmune diseases
Hemolytic anemia and ITP | MKSAP 20
115
Age range of average-risk women with clear benefit from screening mammography
Age 50-74 years | MKSAP 20
116
USPSTF cervical cancer screening strategy for women aged 21-29 years
Cytology every 3 years | MKSAP 20
117
Risks of erythropoietin in treating cancer-related anemia
Cancer progression, VTE | MKSAP 20
118
Treatment of premenopausal hormone receptor–positive, high-risk early breast cancer
Ovarian suppression (leuprolide) plus antiestrogen therapy (exemestane) | MKSAP 20
119
Standard antiemetic regimen for moderate-to-severe emetogenic chemotherapy
High-dose glucocorticoids and either ondansetron or palonosetron | MKSAP 20
120
B-cell disorder, cytopenia, splenomegaly, characteristic lymphocyte morphology
Hairy cell leukemia | MKSAP 20
121
Role of surgery for anal cancer
Local recurrence or incomplete response to radiation therapy and chemotherapy | MKSAP 20
122
Most common ovarian cancer susceptibility genes
BRCA and mismatch repair genes | MKSAP 20
123
Panitumumab and cetuximab common skin adverse effect
Acneiform rash (painful, pruritic, and socially debilitating) | MKSAP 20
124
Treatment of widely metastatic melanoma
Checkpoint immunotherapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) | MKSAP 20
125
Genetic marker in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Overexpression of KIT gene | MKSAP 20
126
Criteria for genetic testing in women with ovarian cancer
Offer to all women with ovarian cancer | MKSAP 20 ## Footnote Genetic testing can help identify hereditary cancer syndromes.
127
Recommended frequency of screening colonoscopy in average-risk adults
Every 10 years | MKSAP 20 ## Footnote This recommendation is for adults starting at age 45.
128
Prophylaxis for patients at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome
Rasburicase, IV hydration | MKSAP 20 ## Footnote This helps manage and prevent complications associated with rapid cell lysis.
129
Treatment of oligometastatic colorectal cancer
Surgical resection | MKSAP 20 ## Footnote This approach aims to remove isolated metastatic lesions.

Fosforilados (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions