Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS > Reviewer #9 > Flashcards

Reviewer #9 Flashcards

1
Q

Prevent acute coronary events and reduce mortality in heart failure

A

ACE Inhibitors and ARBs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Interfere with production of angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation and reduced circulating blood volume, resulting in decreased BP

A

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ACE Inhibitor and ARBS shouldn’t be administered to

A

Women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This is important when administering ACE inhibitors intravenously

A

Infusion Pump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Following first dose of ACE and ARBs monitor BP for?

A

2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This is a less concern for ARBs but ACE inhibitors can cause?

A

Hyperkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Monitor WBC for potential?

A

Neutropenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acts on different portions of the kidney tubule to inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and water and promote their excretion

A

Diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diuretics promote potassium excretion, increasing the risk for?

A

Hypokalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reduces symptoms and slows down progression of heart failure

A

Spironolactone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spironolactone is classified as a

A

Aldosterone Receptor Blocker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Improves myocardial contractility by interfering with ATPase in the myocardial cell membrane and increasing the amount of calcium available for contraction

A

Digoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Withhold Digoxin and notify the doctor if heart rate is?

A

Below 60 BPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Interferes with bloodflow to and from the heart

A

Valvular Heart Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Characteristic manifestation of vulvular disease

A

Murmur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Type of mitral insufficiency that occurs when one or both mitral valve cusps billow into the atrium during ventricular systole

A

Mitral Valve Prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MVP cause is often?

A

Unclear or Idiopathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

MVP usually affects people with tissue disorders such as

A

Marfan Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MVPs symptoms is usually

A

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most common symptom of MVP

A

Atypical chest Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MVP increases the risk of

A

Bacterial Endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Progressive worsening of regurgitation can lead to?

A

Heart Failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Thrombi may form on prolapsed valve leaflets; embolization may caused

A

Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Used routinely to diagnose vulvular dosease

A

Echocardiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Used to assess contractility and to determine the pressure gradients across the heart valves

A

Cardiac Catheterization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Added to prevent clot and embolus formation, a common complication of atrial fibrillation as blood pools in the non contracting area

A

Anticoagulant Therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Invasive procedure performed in Cath lab and also the treatment of choice in symptomatic MVP

A

Percutaneous Balloon Valvuloplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A general term for reconstruction or repair of a heart valve

A

Valvuloplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Three factors determine the outcome of Valve replacement surgery

A
  1. Heart function at the time of surgery
  2. Intraoperative and Postoperative care
  3. Characteristics and durability of replacement valve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Disorders that affect the heart muscle itself

A

Cardiomyopathies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

These cardiomypathy is idiopathic

A

Primary Cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Occur because of other processes, such as ischemia, infectious disease, exposure to toxins, connective tissue disorders, metabolic disorders or nutrition deficiency

A

Secondary Cardiomyopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Used to assess cardiac output and pressures in the cardiac chambers and pulmonary vesicular system

A

Hemodynamic Studies

34
Q

Help identify changes in ventricular volume and mass, as well as perfusion deficits

A

Radionuclear Scans

35
Q

Definitive treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Cardiac transplant

36
Q

Transplantation is not a viable option for

A

Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

37
Q

Used to support cardiac output until a donor heart is available

A

Ventricular Assist Devices

38
Q

Is inserted to treat potential lethal arrhythmias

A

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator

39
Q

Inflammation of the heart muscle

A

Myocarditis

40
Q

Myocarditis occurs at any age and is more common in

A

Men

41
Q

Myocarditis is a common complication of

A

Rheumatic fever and Endocarditis

42
Q

Myocarditis can also be an adverse effect of a common antipsychotic

A

Clozapine

43
Q

Classic manifestations of acute pericarditis

A

Chest pain, pericardial friction rub, and fever

44
Q

This position reduces the discomfort by moving the heart away from the diaphragmatic side of the lung pleura

A

Sitting upright and leaning forward

45
Q

A rapid build up of pericardial fluid does not allow the sac to stretch and can compress the heart this is known as

A

Cardiac Tamponade

46
Q

Hallmark sign of cardiac tamponade is

A

Paradoxical Pulse or Pulsus Paradoxus

47
Q

Scar tissue formation between the pericardial layers

A

Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis

48
Q

Neck veins are distended and may be particularly noticeable during inspiration

A

Kussmauls sign

49
Q

Done to remove fluid from the pericardial sac and is also an emergency procedure to a person with cardiac tamponade

A

Pericardiocentesis

50
Q

Tension or pressure exerted by blood against arterial walls

A

Blood Pressure

51
Q

Are released from atrial cells in response to stretching by excess blood volume

A

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Brain Natriuretic peptide

52
Q

Peptide synthesized and released by endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the blood vessels. A potent vasodilator

A

Adrenomedullin

53
Q

Promotes water retention and vasoconstriction, resulting in rise of bp

A

Vasopressin and Antidiuretic

54
Q

Persistently elevated systemic blood pressure

A

Primary Hypertension or Essential Hypertension

55
Q

Abnormal dilation of a blood vessel

A

Aneurysm

56
Q

Allows vessel recoil, during which the vessel returns to its original size following systole

A

Elastin

57
Q

Provides tensile strength of the vessel, preventing excessive dilation.

A

Collagen

58
Q

Caused by slow weakening of the arterial wall due to long term, eroding effects of Atherosclerosis and Hypertension

A

True Aneurysm

59
Q

Spindle shaped and tapered at both ends

A

Fusiform aneurysm

60
Q

Involves the entire diameter of a vessel

A

Circumferential Aneurysm

61
Q

Also known as traumatic aneurysms

A

False Aneurysm

62
Q

Developed when a break or tear in the tunica intima and media allows blood to invade or dissect the layers of blood vessel wall

A

Dissecting Aneurysm

63
Q

Usually result from weakening of the aortic wall by arteriosclerosis and hypertension.

A

Thoracic aortic Aneurysm

64
Q

are associated with arteriosclerosis and hypertension.

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

65
Q

due to decreased blood flow to the lower extremity and include intermittent claudication (cramping or pain in the leg muscles brought on by exercise and relieved by rest), rest pain, and numbness.

A

popliteal aneurysm

66
Q

usually is detected as a pulsating mass in the femoral area.

A

Femoral aneurysm

67
Q

is a life-threatening emergency caused by a tear in the intima of the aorta with hemorrhage into the media.

A

Aortic dissection

68
Q

Thoracic aortic Aneurysm may be treated with

A

Long term beta blockers therapy and antihypertensive drugs

69
Q

An occlusive vascular disease in which small and mid-size arteries become inflamed and spastic, causing clots to form

A

Thromboangiitis Obliterans or Buergers disease

70
Q

Characterized by intense episodes of vasospasm in the small arteries and arterioles of fingers and toes

A

Reynauds disease or Reynauds phenomenon

71
Q

Reynauds disease is called the

A

Blue white red disease

72
Q

Condition in which a blood clot forms on the wall of the vein

A

Venous thrombosis or Thrombophlebitis

73
Q

Pain in the calf when foot is dorsiplexed

A

Positive homans sign

74
Q

Performed when thrombi obstruct the femoral or iliac vein, potentially causing pulmonary embolism or gangrene.

A

Venous thrombectomy

75
Q

When anticoagulation is unsuitable, a filter (e.g., Greenfield filter) is inserted into the vena cava to trap emboli while maintaining vena cava patency.

A

Recurrent thrombosis

76
Q

Non-invasive, measures blood flow velocity in veins.

A

Duplex Venous Ultrasonography

77
Q

Non-invasive, detects changes in venous blood flow.

A

Plethysmography

78
Q

Non-invasive option to detect deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

A

MRI

79
Q

Invasive, uses contrast medium to identify thrombus location and extent.

A

Ascending contrast venography

80
Q

Cramping pain in feet or arms

A

Claudication

MS (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions