Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS > Reviewer #1 > Flashcards

Reviewer #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa or cavity also the most COMMON URT disorder

A

Rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 Classifications of rhinitis

A

Infectious or Non-infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why is rhinitis the most common?

A

Due to constant exposure of the URT to the environment makes it susceptible to disorders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Example of infectious rhinitis

A

Viral rhinitis or Common cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Example of non-infectious rhinitis

A

Allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Can spread via aerosolized droplet nuclei during sneezing or coughing. It’s patients are highly contagious also known as “Common cold”

A

Acute Viral Rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A communicable infectious virus that causes inflammation of the nasal mucosa or rhinitis.

A

Human Rhinovirus (HRV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rhinovirus got it’s name due to? and what are the most common symptoms it causes?

A

Rhino means nose, most common symptoms causes a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing, as well as sore throat and cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rhinovirus belongs to what family?

A

Picornaviridae family of viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rhinovirus are deemed naked because?

A

Because it’s capsid isn’t covered by a lipid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does the rhinovirus typically not infect the GI tract or spread to fecal to oral route?

A

It is because rhinovirus is acid labile meaning the stomach acid can destroy it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rhinovirus commonly infects?

A

The epithelium of the respiratory mucosa that lines the nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How long does rhinovirus survive for?

A

2 hours on the skin and 4 days on surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A symptomatic disorder of the nose that is induced by an Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated inflammatory response

A

Allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most common aggravating factors or allergic rhinitis are?

A

Foods, Pollen, and Animal dander

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Allergic rhinitis triad of symptoms

A
  1. The allergic shiner, darkening of the lower eyelids due to suborbital edema
  2. The allergic crease, a transverse line above the tip and below the bridge of the nose
  3. The allergic salute, frequent wiping of the nose with the palm of the hand
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If the leukocyte is eosinophils, what is present?

A

Allergic Rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If the leukocyte is Neutrophil, what is present?

A

Viral rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the main purpose of treatment for the common cold?

A

Since it has no cure the treatments aim is to decrease the impact of symptoms and prevent secondary bacterial infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Medication that promotes vasoconstriction, reduces inflammation and edema of nasa mucosa and relieving nasal congestions

A

Decongestants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Medication that relieves the systematic effect of histamines and dry respiratory secretions through an anticholinergic effect

A

Antihistamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Inflammation of the parasinuses 7-10 days duration

A

Acute Sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Prolonged nasal congestion and inflammation leads to what?

A

Acute Sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Acute sinusitis signifies what?

A

A bacterial infection of the sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Acute rhinitis predisposes the development of?

A

Sinusitis due to constant inflammation within the sinus cavities

26
Q

Other cause of sinusitis?

A

Smoking, structural problems of the nose, narrowed passageway, deviated septum, tumors or polyps

27
Q

Physical findings that suggests sinusitis

A
  1. Purulent nasal secretions l
  2. Increased posterior pharyngeal secretions
  3. Mucosal erythema
  4. Periorbital edema
  5. Tenderness overlying sinuses
28
Q

Patients with sinusitis often complain of

A
  1. Unilateral face pain
  2. Purulent nasal discharge
  3. Pain during mastication
  4. Anosmia
  5. Headache
  6. Fever
  7. Nasal congestion
  8. (rare) halitosis, toothache, metallic taste or cough
29
Q

An infection of the sinuses that persists for 3 to 8 weeks but can continue for months or even years

A

Chronic Sinusitis

30
Q

Sinusitis is rarely life threatening but serious complications can occur due to?

A

Proximity to the orbital and cranial cavities

31
Q

What leads to chronic sinusitis?

A

Inflammation or obstruction that prevents normal progression of drainage from the sinus cavities

32
Q

Complications of sinusitis?

A

Periorbital cellulitis, dental abscess, meningitis, encephalitis

33
Q

X-ray of the sinuses used to detect congestion in the maxillary sinus cavities

A

Water’s view

34
Q

An inflammation of the throat or pharynx primarily caused by infection

A

Pharyngitis

35
Q

Pharyngitis is commonly caused by viral infections, but some bacteria are capable of producing infection like

A

Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococci

36
Q

Incubation phase of pharyngitis upon exposure to organisms is?

A

2 to 5 days

37
Q

Communicability of the disease is greater during?

A

Acute phase

38
Q

Presenting symptoms of pharyngitis

A

Sore throat and pain when swallowing

39
Q

Symptoms that are generally more pronounced in streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Fever and Cervical adenopathy

40
Q

Pharyngitis predictors

A

Tonsillitis exudates, tender anterior cervical lymph nodes, hx of fever and absence of cough

41
Q

Viral pharyngitis is treated with?

A

Analgesic, antipyretics, and supportive care

42
Q

If the cause of pharyngitis is GABHS, what is the treatment of choice?

A

IM Benzathine Penicillin G

43
Q

What kind of diet is provided during the acute stage of pharyngitis?

A

A liquid or soft diet

44
Q

What are used depending on the severity of the lesion and degree of the pain.

A

Warm saline gargles or Irrigations

45
Q

What can relieve sore throats

A

Ice collar

46
Q

What may add greatly to the patient’s comfort and prevent the development of fissure of the lips and oral inflammation when bacterial infection is present.

A

Mouth care

47
Q

Acute inflammation of the tonsils

A

Tonsilittis

48
Q

Tonsilittis is usually?

A

Streptococcal infection

49
Q

The incidence of streptococcal infections is greatest in

A

Cold climates

50
Q

Viral infections tonsilittis are communicable for

A

2-3 days

51
Q

Tonsilittis symptoms usually resolve within

A

3-10 days

52
Q

Surgical removal of the tonsil

A

Tonsillectomy

53
Q

Medicine used for pain relief used in Tonsillectomy

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

54
Q

Peritonsilar abscess is also known as?

A

Quinsy

55
Q

Localized accumulation of pus in the peritonsilar tissues that forms as a result of suppurative tonsillitis

A

Peritonsilar abscess

56
Q

Uncommon disorder that presents as a medical emergency

A

Epiglottitis

57
Q

Using a tongue blade to view the oropharynx is

A

Avoided, and a laryngoscope is used

58
Q

Inflammation of the Larynx

A

Laryngitis

59
Q

Acute laryngitis is self-limiting, but if it lasts for more than 3 weeks

A

It is chronic laryngitis

60
Q

Primary symptoms of laryngitis

A

Change in voice, Hoarseness, Dysphonia or Aphonia

MS (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions