Review Flashcards
Describe how a focus group works
Small group. Led by a facilitator. Less than 10 questions to keep focused on a topic.
What is a case study
Something out of the norm, not mainstream, a little unusual. Do a write up to describe.
Give an example of a critiquing question for a qualitative study design?
What kind of design?
-phenomonology. historical. case study. ethnogrophy. grounded
theory
Appropriately designed.
Give an example of a critiquing question for a qualitative sampling method
How did they chose the sample?
-Convenience sample. Nothing random. Purposive sampling.
Give an example of a critiquing question for qualitative data collection methos.
Collected by interviews. Questionnaires. Observation.
Procedure for observation? Be a participant. Have a format. Some statistics.
Give an example of a critiquing question for qualitative data analysis methods
Analyze. Get someone to validate what you’re seeing. Key words. patterns.
Differentiate between straight and analytical description
straight is from the literature(preformed ideas of things you expect to see), analytical is from the data (don’t read literature first, read data first).
What do the following words mean: comprehending, sythesizing, theorizeing recontextualizing
what is going on/ sifting and sorting/ develop an explanation/ might this be appropriate in another setting?
what is template analysis
Used in Ethnography Select the template based on words, actions, situations, etc Code data into the template Revise template as needed determine the resultant pattern
what is another word for editing analysis
Comparison method
give an example of immersion analysis
Used with case histories
Become totally immersed into the data
Explore until main point crystallizes
what is triangulation
Combine and use to or more theories/methods/data sources/investigators/analysis.
how do you know you have trustworthy results?
Confirmable(clear paper trail), dependable(consistent findings/sufficient findings), transferable(usefulness in another, similar setting), credible (authentic and truthful account)
what is a key informant?
“the go to person” someone who really knows what’s going on
what is participant observation
method of data collection. resercher participates as they make observations
what is data redundancy
saturation level
what are some dimensions to be considered when planning field work
environment safety issues cultural barriers how going to develop trust equipment/recording equipment electricity/batteries consent forms
there are three types of note taking. what are they, what are the differences
observational
personal
methodological
observational notes
just the facts
personal notes
your interpritation
methodological notes
notes you (the researcher) took on what worked, what didn’t work.
what types of things may effect the reliability of the qualitative design
Researcher’s status
Participant selection
Social conditions
Methods
what types of things may effect the validity of your qualitative design?
History and maturation
Observer effects
Selection and regression
Mortality
what are the sources of data for historical studies
journals and diaries
what is the purpose of a case history
focusing on a small group, single person…done something unusal so a good example for what you’re trying to accomplish
difference between ethnography and phenomonology
ethnography describes a culture
phenomonology describes lived experiences
give an example of intensity sampling
submerging yourself in the group you want to study. study them here and now.
give an example of varient case sampling
the unual cases…extreme.
how might qualitative data be collected?
by doing:
questionnaires
interviews
how do focus groups work?
small group. ~10 people. get better detail that way
the researcher makes observations
do qualitative researchers ever use statistics to analyze their data?
yes
difference between straight and analytical description
straight: from the literature
analytical: from the data
what analysis method uses constant comparison
Editing
what is triangulation
mixture of two different methods or styles
what are 4 major steps in qualitative data management
comprehending synthesizing theorizing recontextualizing
how do you know if your data is trustworthy?
credible confirmable dependable transferable
What must we examine to determine best practice
organization needs, expert opinion, research evidence (clinically relevant. patient preferences, situation.
what are 4 things we need to consider as we appraise the evidence
quality, significance, relevance, strength
example of what one might focus on when critiquing the introductory materials of a research article
state the problem? purpose clear? sufficient background material to tell us it’s significant. questions?
give what one might focus on when viewing the methods section of a research article.
reliable and valid methods. human subjects addressed? data collection process. population(sample)
give an exam ple of what one might focus on when critiquing the findings section of a research article
data (summarized, statistical power). Charts and tables.
give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the discussion section of a research article
conclusions. based on the data and evidence that they found? pushing an agenda?
what is the difference between a critique and a rapid critical appraisal?
- critique based off of scientific merti
- RCT practice merit
cohort study vs case control
case control - two groups, one with one without
cohort- looking for similarities in risk factors
put in correct order? make recommendations from evidence sythesize the evidence rank determine strength grade
synthesize the evidence determine strength make recommendation rank grade
what is agree-II tool?
format to develop evaluates clinical practice guidelines. standard approach.
what must we examine to determine best practice?
collecting information on reserach evidence, expert opinion organizaional needs, patient preference.
What 4 things do we need to consider as we appraise the evidence?
quality
significance
relevance
strength
give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the introductory materials of a research article
does it state the problem?
purpose clear?
background material (significant?)
questions/hypothesis
give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the methods section of a research article
method reliable/valid human subjects addressed? design? internal/external validity? data collection process population./sample
give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the findings of a research article.
data: summarized. statistical power.
how analyzed.
findings
charts/tables
give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the discussion section of a research article
conclusions
based on the data/evidence? or are they pushing an agenda?
what is the difference between a critique and a rapid critical appraisal
critique? scientific merit
RCA? practice merit
what is the difference between a cohort study and a case control study?
cohort risk for getting the disease
case control participants already have the disease
put the following in the correct order: make recommendation from evidence sythesize the evidence rank the evidence determine strength of evidence grade the evidence
sythesize the evidence determine the strength of evidence rank the evidence grade the evidence make recommendation from the evidence
what ist he agree-II tool
format to develop your clinical practice guidelines. standard approach.
