Review

Question 1

Describe how a focus group works

Answer 1

Small group. Led by a facilitator. Less than 10 questions to keep focused on a topic.

Question 2

What is a case study

Answer 2

Something out of the norm, not mainstream, a little unusual. Do a write up to describe.

Question 3

Give an example of a critiquing question for a qualitative study design?

Answer 3

What kind of design?
-phenomonology. historical. case study. ethnogrophy. grounded
theory
Appropriately designed.

Question 4

Give an example of a critiquing question for a qualitative sampling method

Answer 4

How did they chose the sample?

-Convenience sample. Nothing random. Purposive sampling.

Question 5

Give an example of a critiquing question for qualitative data collection methos.

Answer 5

Collected by interviews. Questionnaires. Observation.

Procedure for observation? Be a participant. Have a format. Some statistics.

Question 6

Give an example of a critiquing question for qualitative data analysis methods

Answer 6

Analyze. Get someone to validate what you’re seeing. Key words. patterns.

Question 7

Differentiate between straight and analytical description

Answer 7

straight is from the literature(preformed ideas of things you expect to see), analytical is from the data (don’t read literature first, read data first).

Question 8

What do the following words mean: comprehending, sythesizing, theorizeing recontextualizing

Answer 8

what is going on/ sifting and sorting/ develop an explanation/ might this be appropriate in another setting?

Question 9

what is template analysis

Answer 9

Used in Ethnography
Select the template based on words, actions, situations, etc
Code data into the template
Revise template as needed
determine the resultant pattern

Question 10

what is another word for editing analysis

Answer 10

Comparison method

Question 11

give an example of immersion analysis

Answer 11

Used with case histories
Become totally immersed into the data
Explore until main point crystallizes

Question 12

what is triangulation

Answer 12

Combine and use to or more theories/methods/data sources/investigators/analysis.

Question 13

how do you know you have trustworthy results?

Answer 13

Confirmable(clear paper trail), dependable(consistent findings/sufficient findings), transferable(usefulness in another, similar setting), credible (authentic and truthful account)

Question 14

what is a key informant?

Answer 14

“the go to person” someone who really knows what’s going on

Question 15

what is participant observation

Answer 15

method of data collection. resercher participates as they make observations

Question 16

what is data redundancy

Answer 16

saturation level

Question 17

what are some dimensions to be considered when planning field work

Answer 17

environment
safety issues
cultural barriers
how going to develop trust
equipment/recording equipment
electricity/batteries
consent forms

Question 18

there are three types of note taking. what are they, what are the differences

Answer 18

observational
personal
methodological

Question 19

observational notes

Answer 19

just the facts

Question 20

personal notes

Answer 20

your interpritation

Question 21

methodological notes

Answer 21

notes you (the researcher) took on what worked, what didn’t work.

Question 22

what types of things may effect the reliability of the qualitative design

Answer 22

Researcher’s status
Participant selection
Social conditions
Methods

Question 23

what types of things may effect the validity of your qualitative design?

Answer 23

History and maturation

Observer effects

Selection and regression

Mortality

Question 24

what are the sources of data for historical studies

Answer 24

journals and diaries

Question 25

what is the purpose of a case history

Answer 25

focusing on a small group, single person...done something unusal so a good example for what you're trying to accomplish

Question 26

difference between ethnography and phenomonology

Answer 26

ethnography describes a culture | phenomonology describes lived experiences

Question 27

give an example of intensity sampling

Answer 27

submerging yourself in the group you want to study. study them here and now.

Question 28

give an example of varient case sampling

Answer 28

the unual cases...extreme.

Question 29

how might qualitative data be collected?

Answer 29

by doing: questionnaires interviews

Question 30

how do focus groups work?

Answer 30

small group. ~10 people. get better detail that way | the researcher makes observations

Question 31

do qualitative researchers ever use statistics to analyze their data?

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

difference between straight and analytical description

Answer 32

straight: from the literature analytical: from the data

Question 33

what analysis method uses constant comparison

Answer 33

Editing

Question 34

what is triangulation

Answer 34

mixture of two different methods or styles

Question 35

what are 4 major steps in qualitative data management

Answer 35

comprehending synthesizing theorizing recontextualizing

Question 36

how do you know if your data is trustworthy?

Answer 36

credible confirmable dependable transferable

Question 37

What must we examine to determine best practice

Answer 37

organization needs, expert opinion, research evidence (clinically relevant. patient preferences, situation.

Question 38

what are 4 things we need to consider as we appraise the evidence

Answer 38

quality, significance, relevance, strength

Question 39

example of what one might focus on when critiquing the introductory materials of a research article

Answer 39

state the problem? purpose clear? sufficient background material to tell us it's significant. questions?

Question 40

give what one might focus on when viewing the methods section of a research article.

Answer 40

reliable and valid methods. human subjects addressed? data collection process. population(sample)

Question 41

give an exam ple of what one might focus on when critiquing the findings section of a research article

Answer 41

data (summarized, statistical power). Charts and tables.

Question 42

give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the discussion section of a research article

Answer 42

conclusions. based on the data and evidence that they found? pushing an agenda?

Question 43

what is the difference between a critique and a rapid critical appraisal?

Answer 43

- critique based off of scientific merti | - RCT practice merit

Question 44

cohort study vs case control

Answer 44

case control - two groups, one with one without | cohort- looking for similarities in risk factors

Question 45

``` put in correct order? make recommendations from evidence sythesize the evidence rank determine strength grade ```

Answer 45

``` synthesize the evidence determine strength make recommendation rank grade ```

Question 46

what is agree-II tool?

Answer 46

format to develop evaluates clinical practice guidelines. standard approach.

Question 47

what must we examine to determine best practice?

Answer 47

collecting information on reserach evidence, expert opinion organizaional needs, patient preference.

Question 48

What 4 things do we need to consider as we appraise the evidence?

Answer 48

quality significance relevance strength

Question 49

give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the introductory materials of a research article

Answer 49

does it state the problem? purpose clear? background material (significant?) questions/hypothesis

Question 50

give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the methods section of a research article

Answer 50

``` method reliable/valid human subjects addressed? design? internal/external validity? data collection process population./sample ```

Question 51

give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the findings of a research article.

Answer 51

data: summarized. statistical power. how analyzed. findings charts/tables

Question 52

give examples of what one might focus on when critiquing the discussion section of a research article

Answer 52

conclusions | based on the data/evidence? or are they pushing an agenda?

Question 53

what is the difference between a critique and a rapid critical appraisal

Answer 53

critique? scientific merit | RCA? practice merit

Question 54

what is the difference between a cohort study and a case control study?

Answer 54

cohort risk for getting the disease | case control participants already have the disease

Question 55

``` put the following in the correct order: make recommendation from evidence sythesize the evidence rank the evidence determine strength of evidence grade the evidence ```

Answer 55

``` sythesize the evidence determine the strength of evidence rank the evidence grade the evidence make recommendation from the evidence ```

Question 56

what ist he agree-II tool

Answer 56

format to develop your clinical practice guidelines. standard approach.