Retroviruses (HIV, HTLV) PART 2

Question 1

what is used to detect HIV?

Answer 1

ELISA

Complete Western Blot

p24 antigen ELISA

Question 2

what technique can be used to detect viral nucleic acid?

Answer 2

PCR or RT-PCR

Question 3

what can be used to detect the specific number of viral nucleic acid molecules?

Answer 3

qPCR

Question 4

to screen for HIV you use what lab technique?

Answer 4

ELISA

Question 5

to diagnose HIV what lab technique is used?

Answer 5

western blot

Question 6

what lab technique is used to detect HIV virus in the blood?

Answer 6

RT-PCR

Question 7

what lab technique is used to detect early marker of infection?

Answer 7

ELISA p24 antigen

Question 8

what lab technique is used to detect the progression of HIV disease?

Answer 8

CD4 count

Question 9

what are the HIV Nucleoside Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)?

Answer 9

Zidivudine

stavudine

lamivudine

Question 10

what are HIV protease inhibitor?

Answer 10

ritonavir

indinavir

nelfinavir

saquinavir

lopinavir

darunavir

Question 11

Give examples of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). (4)

Answer 11

Abacavir

zidovudine

lamivudine (Trizivir)

Question 12

What recommended prophylactic regimens during HIV infection?

Answer 12

TMP-SMX (pneumocystis jirovecii)

Ganciclovir (CMV)

Question 13

what kind of virus is HTLV?

Answer 13

human T lymphotropic virus is an oncogenic virus

Question 14

HTLV-1 is what kind of progressing oncovirus?

Answer 14

slow oncogenic virus

Question 15

HTLV-1 will infect what cell? what will it cause them to do?

Answer 15

CD4 T cells

promotes their proliferation

Question 16

What kind of cancer will HTLV-1 cause?

what is this cancer?

Answer 16

Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)

this is a neoplasia of mature CD4 T cells

Question 17

what are the signs of Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) caused by HTLV-1?

Answer 17

bone lesions,

lymphadenopathy,

hypercalcemia, and

skin rash

Question 18

circulating malignant cells in Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) caused by HTLV-1, will resemble?

Answer 18

flowers

Question 19

if Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is diagnosed, what is the prognosis?

Answer 19

usually fatal within 1 year of diagnosis