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Microbiology Block 1 > Non-enveloped DNA Viruses > Flashcards

Non-enveloped DNA Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the DNA naked icosahedral viruses?

A

1) HPV
2) Polyoma
3) Adenovirus
4) Parvovirus B19

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2
Q

is HPV double or single stranded?

is polyoma double or single stranded?

is adenovirus double or single stranded?

is parvovirus B19 double or single stranded?

A

HPV = double

polyoma = double

adenovirus = double

parvovirus B19 = single

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3
Q

what serology of HPV causes cutaneous warts?

A

1 and 4

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4
Q

what serology of HPV causes genital warts?

A

6 and 11

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5
Q

what serology of HPV causes cervical cancer?

A

16 and 18

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6
Q

what disease does BK virus cause?

A

renal disease

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7
Q

what disease does JC virus cause?

A

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopahty

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8
Q

HPV, BK and JC viruses belong to what family of viruses?

A

Papovirus

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9
Q

how do you diagnose HPV?

A

warts with hyperkeratosis

cervical cells that are koilocytic on a pap smear

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10
Q

what HPV proteins later the cell cycle control?

A

E6 and E7

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11
Q

what does HPV protein E6 inhibit?

A

p53

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12
Q

what does HPV protein E7 inhibit?

A

Rb

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13
Q

what vaccine helps prevent HPV? and what strains?

A

gardasil for strains 6, 11, 16, 18

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14
Q

what does the early genes of the HPV virus stimulate?

A

cell growth

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15
Q

how many types of HPV virus types are there?

A

100

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16
Q

what does the high risk HPV strains 16,18 lead to?

A

development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

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17
Q

what strains of HPV virus cause skin warts? what riks do these strains pose?

A

1-4

these are low risk

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18
Q

how common is HPV?

A

it is one of the most prevalent STD’s

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19
Q

HPV is present in what type of cancer?

A

cervical cancer

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20
Q

what are the 2 ways HPV can be transmitted?

A

direct contact and sexual transmission

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21
Q

how does HPV get transmitted through direct contact?

what risk does it pose? strains passed?

A

through small cracks in the skin and will pose low risk

strains 1-4 will get transmitted this way

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22
Q

in birth with a woman who has laryngeal papillomas, what serotypes cause it?

A

6 and 11

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23
Q

what viral proteins induce the hyperkeratosis or warts?

A

E6/E7

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24
Q

how do the warts for HPV induced by E6/E7 look like?

A

coliflower

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25
Q

what is a wart?

A

its a benign proliferation of skin that regresses with time

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26
Q

what serotypes of HPV cause cutaneous (skin) warts?

A

1-4

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27
Q

where do we commonly find skin warts caused by HPV?

A

body, flat (face), plantar (feet)

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28
Q

when the HPV skin warts spread througout the body, how is this condition known? this condition can lead to what?

A

epidermodysplasia verruciformism

can lead to squamous cell carcinoma

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29
Q

HPV causes laryngeal papilloma by what strands of the virus?

A

6 and 11

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30
Q

does HPV cause anogenital warts?

A

true

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31
Q

what is condyloma accuminata? where does it happen? what strains of HPV cause them?

A

anogenital warts, happens in squamous epithelium of external genitalia and perianal area

strains 6 & 11

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32
Q

genital cancers (cervical, penile and vulvar) are associated with what strains of HPV?

A

16 and 18

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33
Q

what strains cause Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia? what can it lead to?

A

16 and 18

it may lead to cervical cancer

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34
Q

how do you diagnose HPV?

A

cutaneous and mucosal warts with hyperkeratosis

do a pap smear and look for cervical dysplasia

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35
Q

what will a pap smear with cells show?

A

perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization or koilocytosis

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36
Q

what vaccine will prevent against HPV? what strains?

A

Gardasil,

strains: 6, 11, 16, 18

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37
Q

what are the human polyomaviruses?

A

Bk and JC (john cunningham) viruses

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38
Q

what type of virus is human polyomavirus?

A

naked double stranded DNA

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39
Q

what disease will JC virus cause? how is the onset?

A

Progressive Multiple Leukoencephalopathy that has a slow onset

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40
Q

what disease will Bk virus cause?

A

renal disease

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41
Q

what is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy?

A

Speech, vision, coordination, mental status, or a combination of these functions is impaired, followed by paralysis of the arms and legs and finally death.

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42
Q

what does JC virus do?

A

JC virus partially transforms astrocytes and kills oligodendrocytes, causing characteristic lesions and sites of demyelination

43
Q

where do you see BK virus with hemorragic cystitis?

A

AIDS and transplant patients on immuno-suppressants

44
Q

what type of virus is the Adenovirus?

A

naked double stranded DNA

45
Q

what structure is characteristic of the adenovirus?

A

it has fibers that are cytotoxic

46
Q

who gets a vaccine against adenovirus?

A

military personnel

47
Q

where do children get adenovirus from commonly?

A

pools

48
Q

how is the adenovirus capsid?

A

icosahedral

49
Q

what do adenovirus fibers contain?

A

viral attachment protein that function for haemagglutinin

50
Q

how many serotypes are there for adenovirus?

A

55

51
Q

is adenovirus stable in the environment?

A

yes

52
Q

is adenovirus contagious?

A

yes

53
Q

is adenovirus resistant to disinfectants?

A

yes

54
Q

can adenovirus resist the hostile environment of the human gut?

A

yes

55
Q

children infected with adenovirus usually present with what?

A

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and pink eye

56
Q

how do military personnel usually present with when infected with adenovirus?

A

upper respiratory tract infection or acute respiratory disease

57
Q

what serotype of adenovirus infects military personnel?

A

4, 7 and 11

58
Q

what serotypes of adenovirus infects children?

A

1,2,5,6

59
Q

what particle does adenovirus use to transmit itself to other hosts?

A

fomites

60
Q

what 4 ways does adenovirus use to transmit itself and infect?

A

1) respiratory droplets when coughing
2) fecal-oral route by not washing hands and touching surfaces
3) low chlorinated pools
4) fomites in towels and instruments

61
Q

what specific cells are targeted and infected mainly by adenovirus? what damage is inflicted to these cells?

A

mucoepithelial cells of the respiratory tract or conjunctiva or cornea

they are damaged because adenoviruse lyses these cells

62
Q

what is the characteristic histological feature of adenovirus?

A

intranuclear basophilic inclusion bodies

63
Q

how does the adenovirus follicular conjunctivitis look like? who gets it?

A

red conjunctiva with no pus

children

64
Q

who gets epidemic keratoconjunctivitis?

A

adults

65
Q

what is keratoconjunctivitis?

A

conjunctivitis followed by keratitis or sense of foreign body in eye (sandy eyes)

66
Q

is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis contagious?

A

yes

67
Q

is there pus in epidemic keratoconjunctivits?

A

no

68
Q

what serotypes of adenovirus cause acute respiratory disease in military personnel?

A

4, 7, 21

69
Q

how does adenovirus acute respiratory disease present like?

A

fever, flu like symtpoms, couch

70
Q

what is the main adenovirus types?

A

4 y 7

71
Q

adenovirus is a major causator of what stomach disease?

A

acute viral gastroenteritis

72
Q

what is the major clue to identefying adenovirus? what do you look for?

A

histology, you look for intra-nuclear basophilic inclusion bodies

73
Q

what type of vaccine is given to the military for prevention? what serotypes does the vaccine work against?

A

live oral vaccine

works for 4, 7, 21

74
Q

what kind of inclusion is seen here?

what virus causes this?

A

basophilic intra-nuclear inclusion

adenovirus

75
Q

what virus causes this? what is seen in the picture?

A

adenovirus

kerato-conjunctivitis

76
Q

what virus causes this?

what are you seeing in the picture?

A

adenovirus

follicular conjunctivitis (pebbled or nodular)

77
Q

what virus causes this?

what is seen in the picture?

A

HPV

coliflower looking skin warts

78
Q

how are these cells called? what virus causes it? with what procedure can you acquire a sample of these cell?

A

koilocytic (perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization)

caused by HPV

pap smear

79
Q

what virus causes this?

what type of hyperkeratosis is this?

A

HPV

anogenital wart

80
Q

what type of growth is this?

what virus causes it?

A

coliflower genital warts

HPV

81
Q

what virus causes this?

what is this in the picture?

A

HPV

skin warts

82
Q

what kind of virus is Parvovirus B19?

what is characteristic about Parvovirus B19?

A

it is a single stranded naked DNA virus

it is the smallest

83
Q

what cells does Parvovirus B19 target?

A

erythroid precursor cells

84
Q

what does Parvovirus B19 cause in kids?

A

erythema infectiosum or 5th disease

85
Q

what does Parvovirus B19 cause in adults?

A

acute polyarthritis (joint pain)

86
Q

what does Parvovirus B19 cause in pregnant women?

A

hydrops fetalis

87
Q

is Parvovirus B19 an enveloped virus?

A

no

88
Q

how many serotypes are there for Parvovirus B19?

A

1

89
Q

in what cells does Parvovirus B19 replicate in?

A

mitotically active cells

90
Q

how is Parvovirus B19 transmitted?

what type of transmission does it have?

A

through respiratory droplets (sneezing)

has vertical transmission

91
Q

what individuals are at risk of infection with parvovirus?

A

children, pregnant women and individuals with chronic anemia

92
Q

what is vertical transmission?

A

when mother can pass it to baby

93
Q

when does Parvovirus B19 pose the biggest threat to pregnant women? why?

A

in the 1st trimester, may induce miscarriage

94
Q

what may Parvovirus B19 cause in individuals with hemolytic anemia or chronic anemia?

A

it will cause aplastic chrisis or reticulocytopenia

95
Q

in what trimester does vertical trasmission of Parvovirus B19 occur in pregnancy?

A

in the 3rd trimester

96
Q

what process is disturbed when Parvovirus B19 infects erythroid precursor cells?

A

erythropoiesis

97
Q

what is the viral receptor in erythroid precursor cells in order for Parvovirus B19 to target the cell?

A

globosides

98
Q

how will kids infected by Parvovirus B19 present when they have erythema infectiosum?

A

with fever, 7-10 after exposure

flu like symptoms

slight decrease in hemoglobin

slapped cheek look (red cheeks)

99
Q

will adults exhibit slapped cheek if infected by Parvovirus B19?

A

no

100
Q

what is another name for erythema infectiosum?

can this spread to other parts of the skin?

when does it go away?

A

erythematous macular rash

yes, it may spread to exposed skin in a lacy pattern

subsides after initial cheek rash

101
Q

what virus causes this?

what is this symptom called?

A

Parvovirus B19

slapped cheek

102
Q

what virus causes this?

what is this symptom called?

A

Parvovirus B19

slapped cheek

103
Q

what is a requirement for Parvovirus B19 to cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women?

A

mother must be sero-negative

104
Q

how can you check if mother is serotonegative for Parvovirus B19 during pregnancy?

A

check if during infection she has IgM or IgG (IgM means 1st time infection, IgG measn recurring infection)

Microbiology Block 1 (16 decks)

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