Non-enveloped DNA Viruses Flashcards
what are the DNA naked icosahedral viruses?
1) HPV
2) Polyoma
3) Adenovirus
4) Parvovirus B19
is HPV double or single stranded?
is polyoma double or single stranded?
is adenovirus double or single stranded?
is parvovirus B19 double or single stranded?
HPV = double
polyoma = double
adenovirus = double
parvovirus B19 = single
what serology of HPV causes cutaneous warts?
1 and 4
what serology of HPV causes genital warts?
6 and 11
what serology of HPV causes cervical cancer?
16 and 18
what disease does BK virus cause?
renal disease
what disease does JC virus cause?
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopahty
HPV, BK and JC viruses belong to what family of viruses?
Papovirus
how do you diagnose HPV?
warts with hyperkeratosis
cervical cells that are koilocytic on a pap smear
what HPV proteins later the cell cycle control?
E6 and E7
what does HPV protein E6 inhibit?
p53
what does HPV protein E7 inhibit?
Rb
what vaccine helps prevent HPV? and what strains?
gardasil for strains 6, 11, 16, 18
what does the early genes of the HPV virus stimulate?
cell growth
how many types of HPV virus types are there?
100
what does the high risk HPV strains 16,18 lead to?
development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
what strains of HPV virus cause skin warts? what riks do these strains pose?
1-4
these are low risk
how common is HPV?
it is one of the most prevalent STD’s
HPV is present in what type of cancer?
cervical cancer
what are the 2 ways HPV can be transmitted?
direct contact and sexual transmission
how does HPV get transmitted through direct contact?
what risk does it pose? strains passed?
through small cracks in the skin and will pose low risk
strains 1-4 will get transmitted this way
in birth with a woman who has laryngeal papillomas, what serotypes cause it?
6 and 11
what viral proteins induce the hyperkeratosis or warts?
E6/E7
how do the warts for HPV induced by E6/E7 look like?
coliflower
what is a wart?
its a benign proliferation of skin that regresses with time
what serotypes of HPV cause cutaneous (skin) warts?
1-4
where do we commonly find skin warts caused by HPV?
body, flat (face), plantar (feet)
when the HPV skin warts spread througout the body, how is this condition known? this condition can lead to what?
epidermodysplasia verruciformism
can lead to squamous cell carcinoma
HPV causes laryngeal papilloma by what strands of the virus?
6 and 11
does HPV cause anogenital warts?
true
what is condyloma accuminata? where does it happen? what strains of HPV cause them?
anogenital warts, happens in squamous epithelium of external genitalia and perianal area
strains 6 & 11
genital cancers (cervical, penile and vulvar) are associated with what strains of HPV?
16 and 18
what strains cause Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia? what can it lead to?
16 and 18
it may lead to cervical cancer
how do you diagnose HPV?
cutaneous and mucosal warts with hyperkeratosis
do a pap smear and look for cervical dysplasia
what will a pap smear with cells show?
perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization or koilocytosis
what vaccine will prevent against HPV? what strains?
Gardasil,
strains: 6, 11, 16, 18
what are the human polyomaviruses?
Bk and JC (john cunningham) viruses
what type of virus is human polyomavirus?
naked double stranded DNA
what disease will JC virus cause? how is the onset?
Progressive Multiple Leukoencephalopathy that has a slow onset
what disease will Bk virus cause?
renal disease
what is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy?
Speech, vision, coordination, mental status, or a combination of these functions is impaired, followed by paralysis of the arms and legs and finally death.
what does JC virus do?
JC virus partially transforms astrocytes and kills oligodendrocytes, causing characteristic lesions and sites of demyelination
where do you see BK virus with hemorragic cystitis?
AIDS and transplant patients on immuno-suppressants
what type of virus is the Adenovirus?
naked double stranded DNA
what structure is characteristic of the adenovirus?
it has fibers that are cytotoxic
who gets a vaccine against adenovirus?
military personnel
where do children get adenovirus from commonly?
pools
how is the adenovirus capsid?
icosahedral
what do adenovirus fibers contain?
viral attachment protein that function for haemagglutinin
how many serotypes are there for adenovirus?
55
is adenovirus stable in the environment?
yes
is adenovirus contagious?
yes
is adenovirus resistant to disinfectants?
yes
can adenovirus resist the hostile environment of the human gut?
yes
children infected with adenovirus usually present with what?
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection and pink eye
how do military personnel usually present with when infected with adenovirus?
upper respiratory tract infection or acute respiratory disease
what serotype of adenovirus infects military personnel?
4, 7 and 11
what serotypes of adenovirus infects children?
1,2,5,6
what particle does adenovirus use to transmit itself to other hosts?
fomites
what 4 ways does adenovirus use to transmit itself and infect?
1) respiratory droplets when coughing
2) fecal-oral route by not washing hands and touching surfaces
3) low chlorinated pools
4) fomites in towels and instruments
what specific cells are targeted and infected mainly by adenovirus? what damage is inflicted to these cells?
mucoepithelial cells of the respiratory tract or conjunctiva or cornea
they are damaged because adenoviruse lyses these cells
what is the characteristic histological feature of adenovirus?
intranuclear basophilic inclusion bodies
how does the adenovirus follicular conjunctivitis look like? who gets it?
red conjunctiva with no pus
children
who gets epidemic keratoconjunctivitis?
adults
what is keratoconjunctivitis?
conjunctivitis followed by keratitis or sense of foreign body in eye (sandy eyes)
is epidemic keratoconjunctivitis contagious?
yes
is there pus in epidemic keratoconjunctivits?
no
what serotypes of adenovirus cause acute respiratory disease in military personnel?
4, 7, 21
how does adenovirus acute respiratory disease present like?
fever, flu like symtpoms, couch
what is the main adenovirus types?
4 y 7
adenovirus is a major causator of what stomach disease?
acute viral gastroenteritis
what is the major clue to identefying adenovirus? what do you look for?
histology, you look for intra-nuclear basophilic inclusion bodies
what type of vaccine is given to the military for prevention? what serotypes does the vaccine work against?
live oral vaccine
works for 4, 7, 21
what kind of inclusion is seen here?
what virus causes this?
basophilic intra-nuclear inclusion
adenovirus
what virus causes this? what is seen in the picture?
adenovirus
kerato-conjunctivitis
what virus causes this?
what are you seeing in the picture?
adenovirus
follicular conjunctivitis (pebbled or nodular)
what virus causes this?
what is seen in the picture?
HPV
coliflower looking skin warts
how are these cells called? what virus causes it? with what procedure can you acquire a sample of these cell?
koilocytic (perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolization)
caused by HPV
pap smear
what virus causes this?
what type of hyperkeratosis is this?
HPV
anogenital wart
what type of growth is this?
what virus causes it?
coliflower genital warts
HPV
what virus causes this?
what is this in the picture?
HPV
skin warts
what kind of virus is Parvovirus B19?
what is characteristic about Parvovirus B19?
it is a single stranded naked DNA virus
it is the smallest
what cells does Parvovirus B19 target?
erythroid precursor cells
what does Parvovirus B19 cause in kids?
erythema infectiosum or 5th disease
what does Parvovirus B19 cause in adults?
acute polyarthritis (joint pain)
what does Parvovirus B19 cause in pregnant women?
hydrops fetalis
is Parvovirus B19 an enveloped virus?
no
how many serotypes are there for Parvovirus B19?
1
in what cells does Parvovirus B19 replicate in?
mitotically active cells
how is Parvovirus B19 transmitted?
what type of transmission does it have?
through respiratory droplets (sneezing)
has vertical transmission
what individuals are at risk of infection with parvovirus?
children, pregnant women and individuals with chronic anemia
what is vertical transmission?
when mother can pass it to baby
when does Parvovirus B19 pose the biggest threat to pregnant women? why?
in the 1st trimester, may induce miscarriage
what may Parvovirus B19 cause in individuals with hemolytic anemia or chronic anemia?
it will cause aplastic chrisis or reticulocytopenia
in what trimester does vertical trasmission of Parvovirus B19 occur in pregnancy?
in the 3rd trimester
what process is disturbed when Parvovirus B19 infects erythroid precursor cells?
erythropoiesis
what is the viral receptor in erythroid precursor cells in order for Parvovirus B19 to target the cell?
globosides
how will kids infected by Parvovirus B19 present when they have erythema infectiosum?
with fever, 7-10 after exposure
flu like symptoms
slight decrease in hemoglobin
slapped cheek look (red cheeks)
will adults exhibit slapped cheek if infected by Parvovirus B19?
no
what is another name for erythema infectiosum?
can this spread to other parts of the skin?
when does it go away?
erythematous macular rash
yes, it may spread to exposed skin in a lacy pattern
subsides after initial cheek rash
what virus causes this?
what is this symptom called?
Parvovirus B19
slapped cheek
what virus causes this?
what is this symptom called?
Parvovirus B19
slapped cheek
what is a requirement for Parvovirus B19 to cause hydrops fetalis in pregnant women?
mother must be sero-negative
how can you check if mother is serotonegative for Parvovirus B19 during pregnancy?
check if during infection she has IgM or IgG (IgM means 1st time infection, IgG measn recurring infection)
