Double stranded RNA (Rotavirus + Norovirus) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the biology of the rotavirus?

A

icosahedral dsRNA naked double capsid

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2
Q

how is rotavirus spread (transmitted)?

A

fecal-oral transmission

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3
Q

who gets rotavirus?

A

kids under 2 y/o

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4
Q

what is characteristic about the rotavirus serotype?

A

all serotypes based on VP7

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5
Q

Rotavirus is the most common cause of what?

A

severe diarrhea for children

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6
Q

what cells does rotavirus target? what will happen to those cells?

A

targets columnar epithelial cells that cover the villi of small intestine

virus shortens microvilli and prevents absorption of water

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7
Q

what causes the diarrhea in rotavirus?

A

viral NSP4 protein acts as toxin

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8
Q

what is the clinical presentation of rotavirus?

A

gastroenteritis - vomiting and watery diarrhea

low fever, and abdominal pain

NO blood in stool or leukocytes

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9
Q

how can rotavirus cause death?

A

through hypovulemic shock (not enough fluids in the body)

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10
Q

how do you treat rotavirus?

A

rehydration

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11
Q

how is rotavirus prevented?

A

washing hands

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12
Q

are there vaccines against rotavirus? what are they?

A

yes

rotatrix (attenuated human rotavirus)

rotateq (VP7 pentavalent subunit)

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13
Q

what is the norovirus biology?

A

naked single straded positive RNA

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14
Q

is norovirus not resistant to stomach acids?

A

no, it can resist low pH

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15
Q

can norovirus be cultured?

A

no

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16
Q

who gets norovirus?

A

anyone more than 2 y/o

17
Q

how is norovirus transmitted?

A

fecal-oral route

18
Q

what is another name for norovirus?

A

norwalk

19
Q

what is very important and characteristic of norovirus?

A

it is the most common cause of diarrhea in adults

20
Q

what is the clinical presentation of norovirus?

A

diarrhea

vomiting

nausea

abdominal cramp

21
Q

what cells are targeted by norwalk?

A

intestinal brush border , prevents water absorption