respirtory system Flashcards
what is the bronchial tree
trachea divides into a left and right bronchi then divides in smaller bronchioles
on the flow diagram: the trachea spilts into the right and left bronchus then
then the bronchioles then alveoli
what happens in the alveoli
gas exchange
how many lobes do the left and right lungs have
right has 3 lobes and left had 2
what are alveolar sacs lined with
a layer of squamous epithelium
what are the alveoli lined with
a surfactant lipoprotein
what does the surfactant lined in the alveoli do
lowers surface tension and prevents collapsing
what is the diaphragm
dome shaped horizontal muscle
what is the thorax
chest cavity
what is the pleural membrane
-outrer member encloses the lungs and adheres it to the body wall
inner- adhers to the lungs
where are the ribs adhere
the vertebral column at back and sternum at front
where is the breathing/ respiratory centre
medusa oblongata (brain)
how does inspiration work
message sent to diaphragm and ribs > diagram contracts and ribs > chest cavity volume increase and lungs expand> air pressure decrease in lungs > air is pulled in
what happens in expiration of
stretch receptors in alveoli send impulses to medulla oblongata > medulla is inhibited from sending impulses to ribs and diaphragm > diaphragm relaxes rib cage moves > lungs relax> positive pressure in lungs> air pushed out
what do your ribs amd diaphragm move when you breathe out
down and in
