Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the respiratory system?

A

Supply the cells of the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body

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2
Q

What is the respiratory tract?

A

A passageway for air

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3
Q

What are the two structures of the respiratory system? What are their bodily organs?

A

Upper respiratory tract > nose, nasal cavity and pharynx

Lower respiratory tract > larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts and the alveoli

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4
Q

What are alveoli?

A

Air sacs of the lungs

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5
Q

What is the nose structure? What is it’s function?

A

Bone, hyaline cartilage and dense irregular connective tissue

The first structure of the conducting passageway for inhaled air

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6
Q

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

A

Conduct air that enters the respiratory tract. The blood vessels here heat up the air

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7
Q

What is the larynx? What’s its function?

A

Voice box

Passageway for air, stops materials going into the respiratory tract, and to produce sound

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8
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

Funnel-shaped passageway begins the nose and mouth

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9
Q

What is the trachea?

A

Flexible, rigid organ, known as the windpipe. In front of the oesophagus and behind the sternum

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10
Q

What is bronchitis?

A

Inflammation of the bronchi caused by a viral or bacterial infection

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11
Q

Where are the lungs?

A

In the thoracic cavity, protected by the thoracic cage

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12
Q

Why is the right lung wider then the left?

A

The right lung forces the blood back to the heart

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13
Q

What are the four processes of respiration?

A

Pulmonary ventilation
Alveolar has exchange
Gas transport
Systemic gas exchange

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14
Q

What is apnea?

A

Absence of breathing

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15
Q

What is gas transport?

A

The transport of movement of respiratory gases within the blood between the lungs and systemic cells

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16
Q

What is pulmonary ventilation?

A

Movement of gases between the atmosphere and the alveoli

17
Q

What is deoxyhemoglobin?

A

haemoglobin without bound oxygen

18
Q

What is tidal volume (TV), what is the norm?

A

Amount of air moved in and out of the lungs with each breath, in normal breathing. Normally 500ml

19
Q

How do you calculate the pulmonary ventilation rate?

A

Tidal volume x respiratory rate in ml/min

20
Q

What is alveolar ventilation rate?

A

Amount of air that researches the alveoli per minute

21
Q

How do you calculate AVR?

A

(Tidal volume – dead space) x RR

22
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

Maximum volume of air that can be expelled after a maximum inspiration

23
Q

What are the two types of circulation?

A

Pulmonary circulation and bronchial circulation

24
Q

What is oxyhemoglobin?

A

oxygen bound to haemoglobin